貌似炎性脑病的脑肿瘤临床分析

报告的 7例患者均在病前有“感冒”病史 ,临床症状、体征及脑脊液检查均符合脑炎或脑膜炎 .最后经病理学和头部CT以及脑脊液细胞学检查证实为脑肿瘤 .提示感冒只能看作是一切疾病可能病因 ,不能作为炎性脑病的主要病因     

Biocompatibilities of sapphire and borosilicate glass as cortical neuroprostheses

The in vivo biocompatibility of pure sapphire and borosilicate glass (BSG) implanted onto the cerebral cortex was studied via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histopathology. Each implant was embedded onto the cortical surface of an adult rat brain for a total of 28 days. Rats underwent surgery with and without implants, and rats with purposely damaged cortical implant sites were also studied. Each animal was imaged via MRI before surgery as well as 10 and 28 days after the surgery. Histopathological results of animals were obtained on the 28th day to determine the specific effect on neurons. Despite the fact that sapphire has been widely used in a variety of medical implants, both MRI and histopathological results indicate that pure sapphire is not biocompatible with the cerebral cortex. On the contrary, BSG implants appear to be biocompatible with the cortical surface.     

微量元素与脑血管疾病的关系

报道了９７例脑血管疾病患者血清中铜、锌、锂、硒等四种微量元素含量的测定，并设立对照组５０例，用以探索这些元素与脑血管疾病发病之间的关系，观察结果发现两组血清微量元素含量不同，疾病组明显低于对照组，呈现高度显著性差异。     

威廉环毛蚓Pheretima guillelmi(Michaelsen)神经内分泌系统的研究

以威廉环毛蚓为实验材料,对其神经内分泌系统的显微、亚显微结构及其对体表水交换的影响作了初步研究.通过大量的实验,说明在威廉环毛蚓的中枢神经系统中存在三种不同类型的细胞,即A、B和C三种细胞.A细胞数量最多,位于脑神经节、咽下神经节和腹神经索中.B细胞主要位于咽下神经节.C细胞主要位于咽下神经节和腹神经索中.神经内分泌活动与季节有关,A细胞和C细胞的分泌活动随季节变化而不同,B细胞的内分泌活动受季节的影响不大.蚯蚓体表的水交换受神经内分泌调控,这种因子仅存在于脑神经节内.     

152例脑血管病颈动脉滴注瘫康灵疗效分析

采用颈动脉加压滴注瘫康灵治疗脑血管病(Cerebrel Vascular diseas.CVD)152例。缺血性113例,出血性39例,疗效满意。在CVD中,病变区脑细脑变性坏死,但围绕在坏死周边的缺血性脑细胞(即缺血性半影区,简称IP)电活动中止,而其仍保持正常的离子平衡和结构的完整。早期及时兴奋和恢复这部分脑细胞功能对机体的康复有着关键的意义。瘫康灵颈动脉滴注,可直接作用于IP,解除血管痉挛.改善血流和缺氧,对于神经细胞的再生及功能的恢复有促进作用。我们的体会是病程越短,疗效越好。是治疗CVD的有效方法之一。     

Application of FT-based MMSE deconvolution method for cerebral blood flow measurement in patients with leukoaraiosis

Introduction

The bolus-tracking (BT) technique is the most popular perfusion-weighted (PW) dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI method used for estimating cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume and mean transit time. The BT technique uses a convolution model that establishes the input–output relationship between blood flow and the vascular tracer concentration. Singular value decomposition (SVD)- and Fourier transform (FT)-based deconvolution methods are popular and widely used for estimating PW MRI parameters. However, from the published literature, it appears that SVD is more widely accepted than other methods. In a previous article, an FT-based minimum mean-squared error (MMSE) technique was proposed and simulation experiments were performed to compare it with the well-established circular SVD (oSVD) method. In this study, the FT-based MMSE method has been used to estimate relative CBF (rCBF) in 13 patients with white matter lesions (WMLs) (leukoaraiosis), and results are compared with the widely used oSVD method.

Materials and Methods

Thirteen patients with leukoaraiosis were imaged on a 1.5-T Siemens whole-body scanner. After acquiring the localizer and structural scans consisting of FLAIR (fluid attenuated with inversion recovery), T₁-weighted and T₂-weighted images, perfusion study was implemented as part of the MRI protocol. For each patient and method, two values were calculated: (a) rCBF for normal white matter (NWM) ROI, obtained by dividing the average CBF value in NWM ROI with average CBF in gray matter (GM) ROI, and (b) rCBF for WML ROI, obtained by dividing the average CBF value in WML ROI with average CBF in GM ROI. Results for the two deconvolution methods were computed.

Results and Discussion

A significant (P<.05) decrease in estimated rCBF was observed in the WML in all the patients using the MMSE method, while for the oSVD method, the decrease was observed in all but one patient. Initial results suggest that the MMSE method is comparable to the oSVD method for estimating rCBF in NMW while it may be better than oSVD for estimating rCBF in lesions of low flow. Studies involving a larger patient population may be required to further validate the findings of this work.     

大鼠皮层运动中枢出血模型的制备

目的研究大鼠皮层运动中枢出血模型制备的可行性.方法立体定位下向皮层运动中枢区注入自体动脉血,连续观察术后10 d内模型的肢体运动情况及组织形态学变化.结果所有实验动物均成活,单肢瘫痪明显,组织形态学改变显著.结论立体定向术回输自体动脉血于皮层运动中枢制成的模型成活率高,症状明显,操作方便.     

旋转DSA在脑血管造影中的应用

目的评价旋转DSA对脑血管病的诊断价值.方法采用西门子Artis FA 数字血管造影系统,对15例可疑脑血管病患者进行正、侧位造影和旋转DSA,比较常规DSA和旋转DSA对疾病的诊断能力.结果在15例被检查者中,旋转DSA和常规DSA检查结果相同,有1例动脉瘤患者在正位与载瘤动脉及周围血管的解剖关系显示不清,侧位不能显示动脉瘤.1例动静脉畸形患者供血动脉与周围血管重叠,在常规DSA上显示不清.结论常规DSA的图像质量好于旋转DSA,但旋转DSA的动态图像并不差,对病变的诊断可提供更多的参考价值.     

Combining magnetic resonance measurements with numerical simulations – Extracting blood flow physiology information relevant to the investigation of intracranial aneurysms in the circle of Willis

Cerebral aneurysms in the region of the circle of Willis have an incidence of 3–6% in western populations and involve the risk of rupture with subsequent subarachnoidal bleeding. The patient specific blood flow patterns are of substantial importance for understanding the pathogenesis of the lesions and may eventually contribute to deciding on the most efficient treatment procedure for a specific patient.A non-invasive method for performing in vivo measurements on blood velocity is 4D phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography (PC-MRA), on the basis of which a flow field with all its parameters can be simulated. We are using this approach to investigate the hemodynamic parameters in the circle of Willis and, by analyzing the values at common locations of aneurysms, trying to find potential parameters to predict the development of aneurysms. Methodologically, we are acquiring the artery geometry with 3D-time-of-flight magnetic resonance (TOF) measurements and the blood velocity in the feeding arteries with 4D PC-MRA measurements in a healthy volunteer. These measurements are combined with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to describe detailed hemodynamic patterns within the circle of Willis.     

应用阿司匹林和低分子肝素钙治疗100例急性脑梗塞疗效分析

目的 临床观察阿司匹林和低分子肝素钙联合治疗急性脑梗塞的疗效.方法 通过对100例在48 h内急性脑梗塞病例随机分为治疗组(给予肠溶阿司匹林和低分子肝素钙治疗)和对照组(只给肠溶阿司匹林,不给予低分子肝素钙治疗)进行疗效对比观察4周.结果 治疗组与对照组比较,总有效率(P＜0.05)有显著提高,副作用小,两组无差异.结论 使用肠溶阿司匹林和低分子肝素钙联合治疗急性脑梗塞疗效好,使用简便、安全、经济,可在临床予推广应用.