基于离散元的杆件断裂全过程数值模拟

杆件的断裂会涉及到大变形、非线性以及不连续等问题,通常的数值计算方法模拟这种复杂力学行为具有局限性。本文基于颗粒离散元法DEM,将接触粘结处的分布式弹簧用梁纤维进行等效,提出了一种适于结构弹塑性分析的DEM纤维梁模型,然后在此基础上构建了构件断裂模拟算法以及纤维破环准则。将该模型应用于悬臂梁结构,模拟了悬臂梁从弹性到弹塑性阶段,再到断裂破坏的全过程,数值模拟得到的结构响应和截面开裂破坏形态均较合理。最后将该方法应用于单层网壳倒塌破坏模拟,并与网壳振动台倒塌试验进行对比,结果表明,数值模拟得到的杆件断裂过程及结构倒塌模式与试验现象一致,验证了该模型的正确性和适用性。     

Evolution of self-assembled Ge/Si island grown by ion beam sputtering deposition

The effect of temperature and Ge coverage on the evolution of self-assembled Ge/Si islands grown by ion beam sputtering deposition is studied. Atomic force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy are used to analyze the island morphology and the intermixing between Si and Ge. The experiments are presented in two aspects. First, when the temperature is increased, intermixing is promoted, resulting in the reappearance of low aspect ratio islands. Second, a different evolution pathway is observed, in which short islands initially don’t grow along the constant ratio of 11:1 (diameter:height) and the islands always grow faster in vertical direction. In summary, the interdiffusion, surface diffusion, and amount of Ge determines the evolution of Ge/Si islands.     

分子束外延方法生长p型氧化锌薄膜

用等离子辅助分子束外延 (P MBE)的方法 ,在蓝宝石c 平面上外延生长了p型氧化锌薄膜。在实验中采用高纯金属锌作为Zn源、NO作为O源和掺杂源 ,通过射频等离子体激活进行生长。在生长温度 30 0℃ ,NO气体流量为 1.0sccm ,射频功率为 30 0W的条件下 ,获得了重复性很好的p型ZnO ,且载流子浓度最大可达 1.2× 10 19cm-3 ,迁移率为 0 .0 5 35cm2 ·V-1·s-1,电阻率为 9.5Ω·cm。     

EXACT ANALYSIS OF WAVE PROPAGATION IN AN INFINITE RECTANGULAR BEAM

The Fourier series method was extended for the exact analysis of wave propagation in an infinite rectangular beam. Initially, by solving the three-dimensional elastodynamic equations a general analytic solution was derived for wave motion within the beam. And then for the beam with stress-free boundaries, the propagation characteristics of elastic waves were presented. This accurate wave propagation model lays a solid foundation of simultaneous control of coupled waves in the beam.     

曲率波前传感器探测高斯光束时的信号误差

曲率波前传感器已被用于天文自适应光学和光学度量等领域。在这些领域使用时都假设入射波前光强均匀,但这种假设与曲率传感技术的基本原理不一致。利用傅里叶光学理论,给出了光强不均匀情况下曲率波前传感器的曲率信号解析式,并利用光强均匀和不均匀情况下的信号表达式对探测高斯光束时的信号误差进行了数值分析。结果表明：曲率波前传感器探测高斯光束时存在一定误差,相位分布为4阶Zernike多项式时,误差最大,且阶数越高,误差越小;分区平均曲率信号误差较小,一般在10％以下。     

水口参数对异形坯连铸结晶器内流场的影响

依据湍动能理论,本文建立了结晶器内钢液的三维湍流模型,开发了计算程序,研究了不同水口状态下异形坯结晶器中钢水的流动特性.利用本模型所得计算结果与实测结果吻合较好,并可对现场生产进行离线分析.     

Conversion of Gyrotron Output into a Gaussian Beam Using the Far-Field

A compact system to convert gyrotron output into an intense gaussian beam has been designed by introducing an intermediate focusing element into the quasi-optical system. The design is significantly simplified by applying gaussian optics and confirmed by application of the Huygens equation. The beam quality is improved by truncating the sidelobes of the far-field. In spite of the beam truncation, only a small fraction (11 %) of the beam power is sacrificed.     

标量高斯光束的能量传输

应用标量光场的能流密度矢量 J的定义 ,计算了高斯光束在自由空间传播时 ,其光束传输轴横截面上的光强、光斑区域的能流及总能量 ,并与传统光强定义的相关结果进行了比较。计算结果表明 ,对基模高斯光束 ,仅当 kω0 1(ω0 λ)时 ,传统光强的定义才近似成立 ,否则必须采用光强的精确定义。进一步指出了高斯光束作为波动方程傍轴近似解的条件。     

Prediction of Flexural Deformation of Reinforcement Concrete Beams with Polynomial Tension Stiffening Model

Based on an assumption of parabolic bond stress distribution,a simplified model with quartic polynomial function of the relative slip of steel bar and surrounding concrete for reinforced concrete (RC)tensile member was proposed. The post-cracking behavior as well as tension stiffening effect was considered in the new model. The relative slip of bending member could also be determined through the extension of the new model,which could be applied to obtaining the concentrated rotations at certain sections in order to predict the flexural deformation of RC beam. Several examples of four-point bending RC beams were approached to verify the new model,and the predictions of the flexural deflections of RC beams agreed well with experimental results. The new model can be extended to the application of partially corroded RC beam.