Automatic determination of insolubles in lubricating oils by flow injection analysis employing an LED-photometer detector

A flow injection system is presented for the determination of the insolubles content in used lubricating oil samples. The system is based on the injection of an aliquot of the sample in a stream of organic solvent where it is dispersed, and measurement of the scattered radiation (measured as apparent absorbance) in the visible range (λ = 640 nm). An LED-based photometer was used for this purpose. The whole system including sample injection and data acquisition was controlled by a personal computer. Calibration curves exhibited good linearity (h = 0.415 ± 0.016C + 0.00 ± 0.03, r² = 0.9995, confidence level of 95%) in the range up to 2.68% (insolubles in pentane). Detection and quantification limits were respectively 0.07% and 0.16% (w/w). The method was validated by analysis of 25 real samples by the proposed method and the FTIR method finding high correlation. Waste generation and reactive consumption is much less than in the official method (ASTM D-893). The proposed method employs 25 mL of kerosene per sample while the official method employs 200 mL of pentane.     

Nanoparticle-based assays in automated flow systems: A review

Nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit a number of distinctive and entrancing properties that explain their ever increasing application in analytical chemistry, mainly as chemosensors, signaling tags, catalysts, analytical signal enhancers, reactive species generators, analyte recognition and scavenging/separation entities.     

某钢铁公司150吨转炉自动化控制系统的设计

本文对某钢铁公司150吨转炉自动化控制系统的设计进行综述,重点介绍了两级自动化控制系统的控制范围及控制功能。该系统的设计符合国家节能减排政策,将为该钢铁公司带来应有的经济效益。     

Determination of trace metals in seawater by an automated flow injection ion chromatograph pretreatment system with ICPMS

A novel flow injection ion chromatograph (FI-IC) system has been developed to fully automate pretreatment procedures for multi-elemental analysis of trace metals in seawater by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICPMS). By combining 10-port, 2 position and 3-way valves in the FI-IC manifold, the system effectively increase sample throughput by simultaneously processing three seawater samples online for: sample loading, injection, buffering, preconcentration, matrix removal, metal elution, and sample collection. Forty-two seawater samples can be continuously processed without any manual handing. Each sample pretreatment takes about 10 min by consuming 25 mL of seawater and producing 5 mL of processed concentrated samples for multi-elemental offline analysis by ICPMS. The offline analysis improve analytical precision and significantly increase total numbers of isotopes determined by ICPMS, which include the metals Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Ti, V, and Zn. The blank value and detection limits of trace metals using the system with ICPMS analysis all range from 0.1 to 10 parts per trillion (ppt), except Al, Fe, and Zn. The accuracy of the pretreatment system was validated by measuring open-ocean and coastal reference seawater, NASS-5 and CASS-4. Using the system with ICPMS analysis, we have obtained reliable trace metal concentrations in the water columns of the South China Sea. Possessing the features of full automation, high throughput, low blank, and low reagent volume used, the system automates and simplifies rigorous and complicated pretreatment procedures for multi-elemental analysis of trace metals in seawater and effectively enhances analytical capacity for trace metal analysis in environmental and seawater samples.     

Automated stir plate (bar) sorptive extraction coupled to high‐performance liquid chromatography for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Automated methods of PDMS/β‐CD/divinylbenzene‐coated stir plate sorptive extraction (SPSE) coupled to HPLC‐fluorescence detector were reported for the first time. Three automation modes, static SPSE, circular flow SPSE and continuous flow SPSE, were evaluated and critically compared with stir bar sorptive extraction by using six polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as model analytes. It was found that the operable sample volume for circular flow SPSE and continuous flow SPSE was larger than that for static SPSE. Under the same extraction conditions, continuous flow SPSE exhibited the highest extraction efficiencies in all automated modes and manual stir bar sorptive extraction for the target compounds. Compared with the manual operation (approximately 5–10 min), automated SPSE required a relatively short time (117–180 s) to finish sampling, washing and sample loading. Besides being labor‐saving and time‐saving, automated SPSE has other advantages, such as no time limit and non‐attended operation. The proposed continuous flow PDMS/β‐CD/divinylbenzene‐coated SPSE‐HPLC‐fluorescence detector was successfully applied to environmental water analysis.     

我国配电系统及其自动化技术的探讨

本文分析了我国配电系统现状及其自动化技术的发展的过程，提出了我国在信息化的基础上实现配电系统及其自动化的对策。     

MATLAB对C++的调用方法研究

介绍了在MATLAB下进行ActiveX组件集成的必要性和有关的MATLAB的应用程序接口,同时针对具体情况给出了通过把MATLAB作为计算引擎集成ActiveX组件的具体方法,针对MATLAB、C++存在的优缺点,提出了利用MATLAB的MEX技术调用C程序的设计思想,并给出了利用MEX技术调用C++代码的详细设计方法。     

浸渗线PLC自动控制系统的研究

本文首先阐述了浸渗的概念、分析了浸渗线PLC自动控制的原理。然后结合红旗缸盖厂浸渗生产线自动化改造项目,给出了浸渗线PLC自动控制的软件、硬件系统的实现方案。     

基于ActiveX的AutoCAD二次开发技术的应用

对AutoCAD进行二次开发的手段很多，如AutoLisp，ObjeetARX，ADS，DXF等．本文重点介绍ActiveX Automation技术及理论，阐述了利用VB连接AutoCAD对象并对其进行操作的方法．     

基于软件工程概念的网络运用与办公自动化

计算机网络是实现信息化的重要手段,它的广泛运用促进了办公自动化水平的日益提高,而软件是网络运用和办公自动化实现所必不可少的部分,本文从软件工程学的角度,探讨了网络运用和办公自动化实现的技术和设计问题.