ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE FOR HYPERALGESIA IN THE PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY

A peripheral neuropathy was produced in adult rats by placing loosely constrained ligature around the common sciatic nerve. At the ligature region of the nerve, demyelination developed. The postoperative behavior of these rats indicated that hyperalgesia and allodynia were produced. The electrical activity pattern of the damaged fibers was remarkably different from those of normal nerves: there were some abnormal spontaneous afferent firings from the injured fibers; multi-impulse responses of C-fiber to single shock was recorded; a lasting firing was elicited after the injured region was gently pressed or by oil drops at 40℃; an antidromic electric stimulus to the injured region, stimulations of L, sympathetic ganglion or systemic administration of noradrenalin, all caused an increase in on-goingspontaneous discharges of the injured fibers or brought the silent fibers into firing. Stimulation of the dorsal roots of the sciatic nerve produced no effect on their activities or caused a pause of the on-goi     

猫眼内压升高对视网膜节细胞及视神经的影响

在人为升高猫IOP(眼内压)条件下,记录了视网膜节细胞反应及ONR(视神经反应),并与同时记录的ERG (视网膜电图)进行了比较,发现不同视网膜节细胞的耐压性也不同,ONR 与ERG 几乎平行消失。在两只猫上同时记录了VECP(视皮层诱发电位)与ERG,发现ERG 先于VECP 完全消失,这与家兔的类似实验比较结果不同。     

试论神经科学研究方法的多学科、多层次的特点

神经科学的知识涉及到多学科的知识内容,神经科学的研究方法也具有多学科、多层次的特点。认识这些特点对于广大从事神经科学研究的科学工作者来说非常必要。这对于神经科学的研究从多方面逼近其本质及规律是必须的。     

Neuroprotection signaling pathway of nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor against staurosporine induced apoptosis in hippocampal H19-7 cells

Neurotrophins protect neurons against excitotoxicity; however the signaling mechanisms for this protection remain to be fully elucidated. Here we report that activation of the phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway is critical for protection of hippocampal cells from staurosporine (STS) induced apoptosis, characterized by nuclear condensation and activation of the caspase cascade. Both nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived growth factor (BDNF) prevent STS-induced apoptotic morphology and caspase-3 activity by upregulating phosphorylation of the tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) receptor. Inhibition of Trk receptor by K252a altered the neuroprotective effect of both NGF and BDNF whereas inhibition of the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) had no effect. Impairment of the PI3K/Akt pathway or overexpression of dominant negative (DN)-Akt abolished the protective effect of both neurotrophins, while active Akt prevented cell death. Moreover, knockdown of Akt by si-RNA was able to block the survival effect of both NGF and BDNF. Thus, the survival action of NGF and BDNF against STS-induced neurotoxicity was mediated by the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling through the Trk receptor.     

A HTS Assay for the Detection of Organophosphorus Nerve Agent Scavengers

A new pro‐fluorescent probe aimed at a HTS assay of scavengers is able to selectively and efficiently cleave the P? S bond of organophosphorus nerve agents and by this provides non‐toxic phosphonic acid has been designed and synthesised. The previously described pro‐fluorescent probes were based on a conventional activated P? Oaryl bond cleavage, whereas our approach uses a self‐immolative linker strategy that allows the detection of phosphonothioase activity with respect to a non‐activated P? Salkyl bond. Further, we have also developed and optimised a high‐throughput screening assay for the selection of decontaminants (chemical or biochemical scavengers) that could efficiently hydrolyse highly toxic V ‐type nerve agents. A preliminary screening, realised on a small α‐nucleophile library, allowed us to identify some preliminary “hits”, among which pyridinealdoximes, α‐oxo oximes, hydroxamic acids and, less active but more original, amidoximes were the most promising. Their selective phosphonothioase activity has been further confirmed by using PhX as the substrate, and thus they offer new perspectives for the synthesis of more potent V nerve agent scavengers.     

循经推拿治疗血管神经性头痛的体会

本文介绍了对２３例血管神经性头痛的具体治疗方法，疗效和典型病例。     

对体操训练中延迟性肌肉酸痛机制的探讨

本文探讨了延迟和减少肌肉酸痛的方法，对肌肉形态结构变化方面进行了实验。从诱发延迟性肌肉酸痛实验中观察并测定了数据，对提高学生的运动技术水平具有现实意义。     

鱼类视神经损伤和再生的研究

综述了鱼类视网膜－顶盖系统的研究概况，包括视网膜、视神经和顶盖的组织结构特点；同时介绍了损伤视神经引起的视网膜神经节细胞的变化及其跨神经元的影响；最后综述了视神经再生与神经传入活性、相邻神经纤维间的相互作用及靶区选择的关系等方面的研究进展