基于环境星CCD数据的环境植被指数及叶面积指数反演研究

利用PROSAIL前向模型模拟的植被冠层光谱,在植被指数构造时,引入修正大气、土壤背景影响的蓝、绿波段,构建了避免过早饱和的环境植被指数(environmental vegetation index,EVI)。基于多个典型冬小麦生育期的地面观测数据,建立基于EVI-LAI长时间序列反演模型,并对模型进行不同品种间的交叉检验。研究表明,EVI建立的叶面积指数(leaf area index,LAI)反演模型精度优于同类植被指数模型,并具有较好的普适性,能应用于冬小麦遥感多时相长势监测及LAI反演。     

重盐碱次生裸地植被恢复技术研究

研究我国重盐碱裸地如何恢复牧草草原的技术,试验总结了我国以往研究的限于小样方式的技术成果,证明通过大幅度的技术研究可以实现大规模的草原恢复;人工建植(或群落复生)成本也较低,能够获得经济效益。     

Analysis on phase information of polarized radar in monitoring vegetation

T-matrix method was employed to analyze the relation between the co-polarization phase difference of back scattering of vegetation and its geometrical and physical parameters, and the effect from the frequency and the incident angle of radar based on this kind of relation. The results showed that the phase difference is affected by the geometrical parameters (such as the shape, the growth state of wattle and leafage etc.) and the physical parameters (such as the real part and the imaginary part of the dielectric constant etc.) in different ways. In addition, the frequency and the incident angle of radar have heavy effect on the results. All of these are significant in assorting crop and monitoring vegetation.     

浅谈公路养护中的环境保护

论述了公路养护影响环境的主要因素以及应采取的保护对策。     

试论浙江水产业经济增长方式的转变

本文认为，十四届五中全会提出了两个具有全局意义的根本性转变，对浙江的水产业来说，同样存在着经济增长方式转变的问题。文章对水产业经济增长方式转变的紧迫性、有利条件及制约因素等问题进行了初步探讨，并提出了对策措施     

液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定水产品中三苯甲烷类与噻嗪类染料及其代谢产物

采用液相色谱-串联质谱法对鱼肉和虾肉中三苯甲烷类与噻嗪类染料及其代谢物进行测定。样品经对甲苯磺酸-乙酸铵-乙腈溶液提取,正己烷脱脂,二氯甲烷萃取,MCAX固相萃取净化后,以Waters BEH C18色谱柱为分离柱,以0.15%甲酸溶液(含5mmol·L-1乙酸铵溶液)-乙腈混合液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子源及多反应监测模式进行测定。各化合物的质量浓度在20.0μg·L-1以内呈线性,方法的测定下限(10S/N)均为0.5μg·kg-1。对空白样品进行加标回收试验,回收率在62.6%~108%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在2.0%~14%之间。方法用于鱼肉和虾肉样品的检测,结果与国家标准方法的测定值一致。     

Synthesis of New Flavanone Derivatives of Farrerol and Preliminary SAR Studies on Anti-VSMCs Vegetation Activity

A series of new flavanone derivatives of farrerol was designed and synthesized as a potent inhibitor of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs) vegetation according to a convenient method. The structures of all the synthesized compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and EIHR-MS. The biological activities of these compounds against VSMCs in vitro were evaluated. The assay results indicate that two compounds, 5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-dimethyl- 2-(2-nitrophenyl)chroman-4-one(7f) and 2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxydiphenylm...     

绿色植被可见-近红外反射光谱模拟材料研究进展

成像光谱技术能够同时获取目标的图像特征和光谱特征,很容易识别与背景环境光谱特征区别较大的传统伪装材料。近年来,成像光谱得到了迅速发展,经历了多光谱技术到高光谱技术的跨越,传感器的探测波段数、光谱分辨率、空间分辨率的显著提高。得益于各国ISR无人机技术的应用,高光谱传感器由星载拓展到机载,可以在更近距离对军事伪装目标进行识别,对具有重要价值的军事目标的生存能力构成巨大挑战。目前,应对高光谱的伪装材料主要设计思路是,选择材料或材料体系具有与环境背景相似的颜色和光谱反射特征（传感器探测范围内）进行复合,目的是与环境背景达到“同色同谱”来躲避高光谱侦察。绿色植被是最常见的伪装背景,也是本领域绝大部分研究的光谱模拟对象,其反射光谱曲线在可见近红外波段具有：“绿峰”、“红边”、“近红外高原”和“水吸收带”四个主要特征,分别由叶片的组织结构以及叶绿素和水分产生。离体叶绿素光热稳定性较差,不能直接用作伪装材料,所以寻找和合成稳定性好、具有类叶绿素结构及光谱特征的分子是当前的研究热点之一。此外,铬绿和钴绿是常用的伪装颜料,具有类似绿色植被“绿峰”、“红边”和“近红外高原”光谱反射特性,研究者将其与高吸水填料复合来引入“水吸收峰”,大致模拟出绿色植被反射光谱,但是想要实现精确模拟,仍存在一些难以解决的问题。从绿色植被光谱特征出发,分别阐述了模拟绿色植被可见光区和近红外光区光谱特征的材料选择依据及体系;同时介绍了它们在精确模拟植被光谱时存在的问题,以及通过改性和复合来提升光谱相似度和耐候性的相关研究工作,总结并展望了绿色植被光谱模拟材料要解决的重难点问题和发展方向。     

Analytical applications of photon correlation spectroscopy for size distribution measurements of natural colloidal suspensions: capabilities and limitations

Particles are ubiquitous in all natural systems and play an important role in the control and fate of nutrients and pollutants. Currently, only limited information is available concerning particle number and size distributions, owing to the problems involved in their experimental determination. In the present paper, limitations and optimal conditions for particle size determinations of environmental samples using photon correlation spectroscopy are studied. The detection limit, the effects of polydispersity of the sample and the refractive index value are discussed based on results obtained with synthetic colloids. The photon correlation spectroscopic determination of particle size distributions in real aquatic systems is also presented in the second part of the paper.     

关于水产品安全精养中若干问题的思考

在提出安全养殖概念的基础上,着重叙述了安全精养的基本原理、属性、特征和要求,分析了传统精养与安全精养间在养殖观和方法论层面上的关联及主要差距,最后就我国水产安全精养的努力方向进行了探讨.