矿山岩体工程的系统工程

用系统工程学的观点, 重新认识矿山岩体工程的特点。建立矿山岩体工程稳定性的系统的概念。提出地质模型、设计模型、施工模型的构思, 使工程地质、设计、施工三者密切结合, 共同解决矿山岩体工程稳定问题。通过动态监测和信息反馈, 在工程施工的动态过程中不断地获得新的认识, 以便对工程实施做出新的决策。     

Rheology of coal suspensions

Proper design of operations encountered in preparation, transport and employment of suspensions like coal slurries and coal-oil mixtures require an accurate knowledge of their rheological behaviour.Such concentrated suspensions generally exhibit non-Newtonian behaviour (shearthinning) which is more pronounced at higher coal concentrations. The nature of the dispersing medium influences the aggregation state of the disperse phase and, consequently, affects the stability and the rheology of the systems. In the present paper coal suspensions prepared with different dispersing media and covering a wide range in solid phase concentration are studied, by using a rotational coaxial cylinders viscometer.Different models have been taken into consideration for correlating experimental data. In particular, in order to describe the dependence of viscosity on shear rate and solid phase concentration, the suitability of the model suggested by Smith and Bruce is evaluated. Accordingly, the aggregation state of the disperse phase as well as its dependence on shear rate and dispersing medium can be estimated.     

Investigation of sulphur compounds in coal tar using monodimensional and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography

Coal is a non renewable fossil fuel, used mainly as a source of electrical energy and in the production of coke. It is subjected to thermal treatment, pyrolysis, which produces coke as a main product, in addition to a condensed liquid by-product, called tar. Tar is a complex mixture of organic compounds which contains different chemical classes, presenting aromatic and sulphur heterocyclic compounds. In general, identification of these compounds requires steps of isolation and fractionation, mainly due to co-elution of these compounds with polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). The objective of this work is to characterize the sulphur compounds present in the coal tar obtained via pyrolysis, using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry detector (GC×GC/TOFMS). Coal samples from the State of Paraná, Brazil were subjected to laboratorial scale pyrolysis. Several experimental conditions were tested, such as sample weight (5, 10 and 15g), heating ramp (10, 25 and 100°C/min) and final temperature (500, 700 and 900°C). Samples were analyzed by one dimensional gas chromatography (1D-GC) coupled to a quadrupole mass spectrometry detector (GC/qMS) and two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry detector (GC×GC/TOFMS). The higher amount of sulphur compounds was obtained at a final temperature of 700°C and a heating ramp of 100°C/min. The main classes observed in the color plot were thiophenes, benzothiophenes and alkylated dibenzothiophenes. GC×GC/TOFMS allowed the identification of the greater number of compounds and the separation of several sulphur compounds from one another. Moreover, separation of sulphur compounds from polyaromatic hydrocarbons and phenols was achieved, which was not possible by 1D-GC. Comparing GC×GC/TOFMS and 1D-GC (SIM mode) also showed that 1D-GC, one of the most employed quantification tools for sulphur compounds, can be misleading for detection, identification and quantification, as the number of isomers of sulphur compounds found was greater than theoretically possible.     

“东方经济”与中国乡村工业化的社会学机制—重访史国衡的个旧矿城研究

本文对“魁阁”社会学家史国衡1940年代在美访学期间的一部未刊稿《个旧矿城》进行了梳理与讨论。史国衡的个旧研究呈现了一个将产业、民情与治理相结合的综合进路,通过对个旧锡业兴衰的个案分析,揭示了传统“东方经济”模式的独特特征以及决定中国乡村工业化成败的社会学机制,同时也以个旧经验对现代化理论、人际关系学派等当时美国社会科学主流范式提出了反思。《个旧矿城》与另一部更为人所熟知的著作《昆厂劳工》共同构成了史国衡关于中国工业化研究的姊妹篇,“工业化的社会基础”是其中一以贯之的核心线索。对史国衡个旧矿城研究的“再发现”,有助于我们重新认识中国早期社会学的工业研究传统,同时也提示我们,当下的乡村工业化乃至乡村振兴仍然需要重视产业的社会基础,处理好经济转型与社会重组之间的辩证关系。     

合成氨煤气炉DCS数据建模与统计分析

利用相关系数阵的条件数研究影响煤气炉上部温度的各影响因素之间的复共线性,利用对数回归方法建立煤气炉上部温度与各影响因素之间的线性回归模型。经检验回归方程与回归系数均具有良好的显著性.所建模型对改善炉况,保持生产过程持续稳定具有现实指导意义。     

微区X射线荧光成像技术在岩心分析中的应用

微区X射线荧光(Micro-XRF)分析技术是通过微小的X射线光束照射样品,对样品进行原位成分观测的无损分析手段之一,具有灵敏度高、速度快和准确性高的特点。采用微区X射线荧光光谱仪(M6 JETSTREAM)对安徽铜陵冬瓜山铜矿床四段岩心样品进行面扫描,分析不同矿层共17种元素区域分布特征、空间分布规律及组合关系等,结果表明：(1)Cu和Fe两种成矿元素高值空间分布区域基本不重叠,S与Fe分布范围高度重叠,关系密切,微量元素Ni, Bi, Pb, Zn, Si, Na与Cu密切相关,而Ti, Al, K与Fe具有弱相关性;(2)垂向上,Fe元素含量随深度增加逐步增大,而Cu元素含量呈降低趋势,其他元素也随深度呈下降趋势;(3)元素分布受石炭纪中期海底喷流沉积成矿作用和岩浆热液成矿作用叠加改造作用明显;(4)该钻孔矿石矿物以磁黄铁矿、黄铜矿和黄铁矿为主,垂向上组合规律明显,脉石矿物以石英、石榴子石和透辉石为主。该技术通过分析元素空间分布规律、相关性以及矿物组合和分配关系等可对元素富集和运移以及对矿床的成矿机制、成因模式等地质环境和地质过程提供新认识和新证据。结合矿床地球化学特征的分布模式...     

西山煤电集团公司前山矿区煤质特征及其应用

介绍了西山煤电集团公司前山矿区现开采煤层的煤质特征及其变化规律,并结合煤质特征进行了应用分析。     

物联网技术与煤矿相关度研究

本文介绍了物联网的概念,探讨了物联网研究中的关键技术,并研究物联网技术在煤矿信息化中的应用。结合煤矿实际情况设计与实施煤矿物联系统,将其分为感知层、网络层和应用层三个层次。把煤矿的所有要素分为＂人、机、环、管＂四类要素,通过煤矿物联系统将这四类要素系统集成,使它们成为一个统一的整体,实现煤矿物与物之间的相互通讯,从而实现煤矿的智能化识别、定位、跟踪、监控和管理。物联网技术是煤矿企业实现集约式生产和低碳化目标的重要手段。     

三山岛金矿采空区地应力测量及其结果分析

采空区上部预留矿柱的回采工作影响到整个矿山的安全生产、采矿方法及其实施.为正确评价上覆岩层和围岩的稳定性情况,采用实现完全温度补偿的空心包体应变技术的套孔应力解除法对三山岛金矿进行地应力测量.建立了矿区地应力场分布模型,获得了三山岛金矿地应力状态和矿区的地应力分布规律.结果表明,三山岛地区地应力场以水平应力为主,符合我国地壳运动的规律.     

沁水煤田官窑煤矿煤层煤质特征

根据地层与构造情况,分析了沁水煤田官窑煤矿舍煤地层造特点,以及可采煤层6号,13号部分,15号,15下号煤层的煤质特征。