以系统科学指导醇基燃料的开发

在能源开发和应用的研究中，以系统科学的结构质变原理为理论依据，对车用清洁燃料的兼容性进行分析，提出运用等离子体物理技术改变燃料的物质形态，在燃料的储存和输送不变的前提下，改变能量的转换方式，提高现有燃料热效率和开发清洁燃料的新途径，用以打开一条永不枯竭能源的绿色通道。     

Atomic-scale computer simulation for early precipitation process of Ni75Al10V15 alloy

The kinetic model for a ternary system is introduced based on the microscopic diffusion form of the phase-field equations for a binary alloy. The equation is solved in the reciprocal space. This model is used to investigate the early precipitation process of Ni75-Al10V15 by simulating the atomic pictures of the two ordered phases and calculating the order parameters of γ′(Ni3Al) phase. Simulation results show that the γ′ ordered phases precipitate from the disordered matrix by a non-classical nucleation mechanism, and the nonstoichiometric γ′ ordered phase appears first and then transforms into the stoichiometric one. Clusters of V atoms appear at the γ′ phase boundaries followed by the formation of the nonstoichiometric θ ordered phase. The farther the location from γ′ phase boundary is, the lower the order degree of θ phase is. There exist two kinds of DO22 ordered domains: a horizontal one and a vertical one, related to their adjacent γ′ phase boundaries. The model could describe the atomic ordering and composition clustering simultaneously, and any a priori assumption about the new phase structure and precipitation mechanism etc. is unnecessary.     

1，1，1-三[4’-（2-氨基-6-甲基吡啶）甲酰基-2’-氧杂丁基]丙烷及其稀土苦味酸盐配合物的合成与表征

由于稀土配合物在催化剂^[1]、电化学[2]、荧光探针[3]以及生物活性[4～5]等方面具有潜在的应用，因此近十余年来对该类配合物的研究一直是配位化学研究领域的一个重要部分．三脚架配体对金属离子来说是一种很好的主体分子，但到目前为止，有关三脚架配体与稀土离子的配位形式及性质的研究却很少^[6]，为此，我们合成了三脚架配体1，1，1-三[4’-(2-氨基-6-甲基吡啶)甲酰基-2’-氧杂丁基]丙烷(L)及其稀土苦味酸盐的配合物，并对配体及配合物的谱学性质进行了表征．     

地球物理测井多参数综合识别储层流体类型的新型神经网络

建立了一种基于引力的新型神经网络模型 ,引入了合力作用机制 ,解决了储层流体类型划分的判定半径问题 ,克服了以往神经网络对任何输入数据都要产生响应 ,并给出一个分类结果的缺陷。改进了传统的距离计算方法 ,克服了传统方法易受单个参数突变的影响而引起误判的缺点。利用新型神经网络方法并结合测井资料 ,对某油田的储层流体性质及类型进行了识别 ,获得了很高的识别率。与径向基神经网络的判别结果相比 ,该神经网络的识别率明显提高。     

不同载体和前驱体对钴基催化剂浆相费托合成性能的影响

以SiO2和γ Al2O3为载体,以硝酸钴、醋酸钴和氯化钴为前驱体,利用浸渍法制备出钴基细粒子催化剂。用X射线衍射、程序升温还原、比表面测试等技术考察了钴基催化剂的结构和还原性能,分析了不同载体和前驱体对浆相费托反应性能的影响。结果表明,SiO2载体上钴物种的分散度和还原度均高于γ Al2O3载体,因而Co/γ Al2O3催化剂的活性最差,CO转化率远低于Co/SiO2催化剂。不同钴前驱体所制备的Co/SiO2催化剂钴物种的分散度和还原度有很大的差别,其相应的Co/SiO2催化剂的浆相费托活性顺序由大到小依次为:Co(NO3)2,Co(NO3)2+Co(CH3CO2)2,Co(CH3CO2)2,CoCl2。     

类差分平衡函数的性质及其应用

定义了布尔函数的类差分和类差分平衡函数，研究了类差分平衡函数的密码学性质以及构造方法。作为类差分平衡函数的应用， 给出了Z24上逻辑函数是完全非线性函数的充要条件，并在首先分析得到所有四元类差分平衡函数的基础上，编程搜索出Z24上所有的完全非线性函数。     

4,4′-二(1-咪唑基)苯硫醚构筑的镉配合物:合成、晶体结构和性质研究

在水热反应条件下,合成了一个新的镉配合物Cd(BIDPT)₂(NO₃)₂·(H₂O)₂(BIDPT =4,4′-二(1-咪唑基)苯硫醚),经元素分析、红外、热重、单晶衍射表征了化合物.配合物为三斜晶系,P-1空间群,分子量Mr=909.24,a=0.816 4(9) nm,b=1.156 8(1) nm,c=1.179 3(1) nm,α=112.737(1)°,β=107.481(1)°,γ=92.233(2)°,V=0.964 4(2) nm³,Z=1,D_c=1.559 g/cm³,F(000) =458,S =1.074,R₁=0.059 8,ωR₂=0.191 2.配合物中镉离子通过4,4′-二(1-咪唑基)苯硫醚配体桥联成8字型一维链结构.对配合物的热稳定性以及荧光进行了测试,硝基苯化合物对配合物的荧光性质有不同程度的淬灭作用.镉配合物对2,4,6-三硝基苯酚的检测具有很好的灵敏性.     

多孔陶瓷负载钯催化剂及污水处理研究

本研究以廉价的高岭土、滑石粉、氧化铝为主要原料,水泥为固化剂,疏水型活性碳粉为泡沫稳定剂,采用直接起泡法制备了高开气孔率的多孔陶瓷,采用浸渍和反应法负载氢氧化高钯催化剂.利用次甲基蓝模拟污水,并作为钯基催化剂催化次氯酸钠分解的标识物.研究了催化剂负载量、温度、次氯酸钠用量对催化剂降解次甲基蓝的影响.结果显示,多孔陶瓷负载的钯催化剂能有效催化次氯酸钠分解,极大地提高了次甲基蓝氧化褪色的速率,随温度升高,最终褪色所需时间急剧减少.在温度为40℃,催化剂量为0.4g,NaClO量为5mL,pH值为7.88的条件下,50mL浓度为10mg/L的次甲基蓝仅需要58min就能褪至无色.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of SiC-particle-strengthening tri-metal Al/Cu/Ni composite produced by accumulative roll bonding process

In this study, a multilayer Al/Ni/Cu composite reinforced with SiC particles was produced using an accumulative roll bonding (ARB) process with different cycles. The microstructure and mechanical properties of this composite were investigated using optical and scanning microscopy and hardness and tensile testing. The results show that by increasing the applied strain, the Al/Ni/Cu multilayer composite converted from layer features to near a particle-strengthening characteristic. After the fifth ARB cycle, a composite with a uniform distribution of reinforcements (Cu, Ni, and SiC) was fabricated. The tensile strength of the composite increased from the initial sandwich structure to the first ARB cycle and then decreased from the first to the third ARB cycle. Upon reaching five ARB cycles, the tensile strength of the composite increased again. The variation in the elongation of the composite exhibited a tendency similar to that of its tensile strength. It is observed that with increasing strain, the microhardness values of the Al, Cu, and Ni layers increased, and that the dominant fracture mechanisms of Al and Cu were dimple formation and ductile fracture. In contrast, brittle fracture in specific plains was the main characteristic of Ni fractures.     

Microstructure and corrosion behavior of Al<Subscript>3</Subscript>Ti/ADC12 composite modified with Sr

In this study, we investigated the effect of the addition of Sr (0wt%, 0.1wt%, 0.2wt%, and 0.3wt%) on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of Al₃Ti/ADC12 composite by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy diffraction spectroscopy. The results reveal that the α-Al phases were nearly spherical and 40 μm in size and that the eutectic Si phases became round in the composite when the Sr content reached 0.2wt%. The Al₃Ti particles were distributed uniformly at the grain boundary. The results of the corrosion examination reveal that the Al₃Ti/ADC12 composite exhibited a minimum corrosion rate of 0.081 g·m–2·h–1 for an Sr content of 0.2wt%, which is two thirds of that of unmodified composite (0.134 g·m–2·h–1). This improved corrosion resistance was due to galvanic corrosion, which resulted from the low area ratio of the cathode to anode regions. This caused a low-density corrosion current in the composite, thereby yielding optimum corrosion resistance.