基因治疗：基因生物技术的重要里程碑

基因治疗是将人的正常基因或有治疗作用的基因通过一定方式导入人体靶细胞以纠正基因的缺陷或者发挥治疗作用，从而达到治疗疾病目的的生物医学技术。基因治疗是当代医学和生物学一个新的研究领域。它试图从基因水平调控细胞中的缺陷基因表达或以正常基因矫正、替代缺陷基因，达到治疗基因缺陷所致的遗传病、免疫缺陷或抑癌基因的失活所致的肿瘤等疾病，即与基因相关的疾病。 根据临床统计，25％的生理缺陷、30％的儿童疾病和60％的成年人疾病都是由遗传病引起的。而人类遗传病大约有5000种，大部分是单基因缺陷造成的道机体是一个复杂的动态性的平衡系统。每一个基因对机体的正常功能的影响都是复杂的，任何一个基因的变化都会导致多种症状的发生。由于这些疾病病因复杂而且发生在遗传物质水平，用传统的治疗方式很难达到根治目的，而且价格昂贵周期长。基于以上这些原因，人们一直致力于寻找新的、更好的、更彻底的遗传疾病治疗方法。随着分子生物学和分子遗传学等学科的飞速发展、人们对遗传病的分子机理的深入了解以及许多遗传疾病分子模型的建立，特别是人类基因组计划超乎预想的发展和后基因组计划、蛋白质组计划的提出，使人们自己的遗传背景和基因与疾病的关系有了更清楚的认识。这些都使人的基因治疗成为可能。 基因治疗是近十年来发展起来的新型医疗技术，有广阔的研究、应用和开发前景，但是，它还需要解决许多基础研究和技术方面的问题，才能具有真正的实用价值。总而言之，基因治疗随着分子生物学、分子遗传学和临床医学等学科的发展，它将日益走向成熟。     

广义Sierpinski集

本文考察了包括平面上的各种广义 Cantor集 ,Sierpinski集和包括某些连续不可微曲线在内的广义 Sierpinski集 .由相似变换 ,导出了它们的级数表达式 ,并利用它和字符串空间的对应关系 ,计算出它们的Hausdorff维数     

半线性波动方程的自相似解

研究了具有非线性项|u|~αu的半线性波动方程的Cauclly问题,利用仿积分解及交换子估计等技术,证明了当α为一般的实数且满足一定的限制时,Cauchy问题自相似解的存在性。本文的结果回答了Planchon在其工作中所遗留的问题。     

Method of Homomorphic Encryption

The existing homomorphie eneryption scheme is based on ring of the integer, and the possible operators are restricted to addition and multiplication only. In this paper, a new operation is defined Similar Modul. Base on the Similar Modul, the number sets of the homomorphic encryption scheme is extended to real number, and the possible operators are extended to addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Our new approach provides a practical ways of implementation because of the extension of the operators and the number sets.     

Finding finer functions for partially characterized proteins by protein-protein interaction networks

Based on high-throughput data, numerous algorithms have been designed to find functions of novel proteins. However, the effectiveness of such algorithms is currently limited by some fundamental factors, including (1) the low a-priori probability of novel proteins participating in a detailed function; (2) the huge false data present in high-throughput datasets; (3) the incomplete data coverage of functional classes; (4) the abundant but heterogeneous negative samples for training the algorithms; and (5) the lack of detailed functional knowledge for training algorithms. Here, for partially characterized proteins, we suggest an approach to finding their finer functions based on protein interaction sub-networks or gene expression patterns, defined in function-specific subspaces. The proposed approach can lessen the above-mentioned problems by properly defining the prediction range and functionally filtering the noisy data, and thus can efficiently find proteins’ novel functions. For thousands of yeast and human proteins partially characterized, it is able to reliably find their finer functions (e.g., the translational functions) with more than 90% precision. The predicted finer functions are highly valuable both for guiding the follow-up wet-lab validation and for providing the necessary data for training algorithms to learn other proteins.     

国内科技期刊亮点

"直接法"测定蛋白质晶体结构新方法我国科学家近年来在发展"直接法"测定蛋白质晶体结构的研究方面,提出了一种处理单对同晶型置换数据的新方法。     

几何相似体应力-应变分布相同时的载荷关系

为了保证几何相似模型与原件具有完全相同的应力-应变分布,必须对几何相似模型施加与实际构件成对应比例的各种载荷,因此需要寻求几何相似模型在应力-应变分布完全相同时各种外加载荷的比例关系。从相似理论入手,以2端固支的矩形梁下表面边线中点的应力解析表达式为基础进行推导,得出相应的理论载荷关系,并用算例在弹塑性状态下验证了所得关系的正确性。得到的结论是:对于2个几何相似构件,若几何相似系数为kl,则当外加集中载荷的载荷系数为kl、均布线载荷的载荷系数为kl、均布面载荷的载荷系数为1时,2构件的应力-应变分布完全相同。     

Optimization of High-Order Harmonic by Genetic Algorithm for the Chirp and Phase of Few-Cycle Pulses

The brightness of a particular harmonic order is optimized for the chirp and initial phase of the laser pulse by genetic algorithm. The influences of the chirp and initial phase of the excitation pulse on the harmonic spectra are discussed in terms of the semi-classical model including the propagation effects. The results indicate that the harmonic intensity and cutoff have strong dependence on the chirp of the laser pulse, but slightly on its initial phase. The high-order harmonics can be enhanced by the optimal laser pulse and its cutoff can be tuned by optimization of the chirp and initial phase of the laser pulse.     

任意两条抛物线相似

在平面几何中，我们曾经研究过两个图形相似问题，如两三角形相似问题．由两图形相似的概念(见文1)可知任意两圆是相似图形．下面叙述一个事实：任意两抛物线是相似图形．     

LB膜混合聚集体中极性基团相互作用对光学非线性的影响

通过紫外－可见吸收光谱、压力－面积等温线、二次谐波的测量，研究了不同活性分子混合聚集体的形成对ＬＢ膜光学性质的影响。分子极性基团间的相互作用，使激发态能量及平均偶极矩发生变化，导致ＬＢ膜的光学非线性明显地增强或减弱。