海船尾气紫外强化有效氯一体化脱硫脱硝的研究

为控制船舶尾气中SO_x和NO_x等有害污染物的排放,符合国际海事组织和地方性的公约和法规要求,各国都在加紧研究船舶尾气的后处理技术。介绍了目前尾气脱硫脱硝后处理技术的现状和研究方向,提出紫外辐照强化有效氯氧化脱硫脱硝的一体化尾气处理新技术。建立了实验平台,设计了实验方法,描述了化学反应的机理。实验结果表明,氧化溶液在紫外辐照的环境下,在pH为3～10时,具有一定的氧化脱硫脱硝能力。在设定的实验条件下,对NO和NO_2的最高脱除率达到61%,对SO2的脱除率达到100%。此一体化脱硫脱硝新方案适用于海船环境,为船舶尾气后处理技术的研究提供了参考。     

反应性高分子抗菌剂的合成及对棉织物的抗菌整理

通过三元共聚将马来酸酐活性基团引入大分子链中,制备了两个系列的反应性高分子抗菌剂poly(DMAEMA-BC/AAm/MAn)和poly(DMAEMA-DB/AAm/MAn),并用FT-IR对合成的反应性高分子抗菌剂进行了结构表征,用酸碱滴定法测定了其酸值,通过平板活菌计数法测定了反应性高分子抗菌剂的抗菌活性,并表征了它们的抗菌活性对抗菌时间与浓度的依赖关系。通过热整理工艺将三元共聚物与棉织物反应,制得抗菌织物。之后,通过改良振荡烧瓶法测定了抗菌整理后棉织物的抗菌效果,并进一步考察了织物抗菌效果的耐洗性。研究结果表明,少量的马来酸酐(单体摩尔比5%)有助于提高共聚单体的反应活性,共聚物中含少量马来酸酐时,抗菌活性增强。用马来酸酐单体摩尔比5～35%的poly(DMAEMA-BC/AAm/MAn)或5～25%的poly(DMAEMA-DB/AAm/MAn)整理的抗菌织物均具有良好的抗菌效果,且前者经过100次水洗,后者经200次水洗后,仍表现良好的抗菌效果。     

Reactive adsorption of thiophene on Ni/ZnO adsorbent：Effect of ZnO textural structure on the desulfurization activity

To better understand the nature of reactive adsorption of thiophene on Ni/ZnO adsorbent, the effect of ZnO textural structure on the desulfurization activity was investigated. ZnO materials were synthesized by low-temperature solid-state reaction and the corresponding Ni/ZnO adsorbents were prepared by incipient impregnation method. The analysis results showed that the crystalline sizes of ZnO as-synthesized as well as the BET surface areas varied obviously with the calcination temperature. The activity evaluations indicated that the Ni/ZnO adsorbents prepared with ZnO possessed a favorable textural structure as active component exhibited good activity of removing thiophene. The evolutions of the main crystalline phases of Ni/ZnO adsorbents before and after reaction confirmed that ZnO played a crucial role in taking up S element and converting it into ZnS in the reactive adsorption process. It was concluded that ZnO with larger surface area and smaller crystal particles resulted in better desulfurization activity, which may be the main reason for the different activities of the Ni/ZnO adsorbents prepared with ZnO calcined at different temperatures.     

New Chemical Compound from Caraganajubata （pall.） Poir.

<正>A new pterocarpan glycoside,(-)-maackiain 3-O-6'-O-acrylyl-β-D-galactopyranoside(1) was isolated from the whole parts of Caragana jubata(pall.) Poir.,together with three known pterocarpan glycosides,(-)-maackiain 3-O-6'-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(2),(-)-maackiain 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(3) and(-)-maackiain 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside(4).All the compounds were isolated from the title plant for the first time.The structure of the new compound was established on the basis of detailed 1D,2D NMR and circular dichroism spectroscopic analyses.All the compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against three tumor cell lines,A549,HL-60 and P388.     

天然黄酮类化合物清除羟基自由基的活性研究

采用分光光度法测定了黑沙蒿中黄酮类化合物清除羟基自由基的能力,以IC50值作为评价指标,初步探讨了黄酮类化合物清除羟基自由基的活性与结构之间的关系,为开发利用黑沙蒿提供了科学依据.     

2-氨基苯并噻唑配合物的晶体结构及抑菌活性

合成了2-氨基苯并噻唑与钴和锌的两种金属配合物,利用红外光谱、元素分析、X射线单晶衍射和热重分析等对其结构进行了表征;并研究了两种金属配合物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、酵母菌的抑菌活性.结果表明,Zn(Ⅱ)和Co(Ⅱ)分别与2个O原子和2个N原子通过4配位形成扭曲的四面体构型;两种配合物对三种菌种均有较强的选择性抑制作用.     

1,10-邻菲咯啉-铜(Ⅱ)-L-丝氨酸/L-酪氨酸配合物的合成、SOD活性及电化学性质

合成了两个新的配合物:[Cu(Phen)(L-Ser)(H2O)]Cl(1)和[Cu(Phen)(L-Tyr)(H2O)]Cl.2H2O(2)(Phen=1,10-邻菲咯啉、L-Ser=L-丝氨酸、-LTyr=L-酪氨酸).用元素分析、摩尔电导率、红外光谱、紫外-可见光谱对配合物进行了表征.分别采用NBT光还原法和循环伏安法测定了配合物的SOD活性及电化学性质.结果表明,这些配合物具有较高的SOD活性,配合物1、2催化O2-.歧化分解速率常数KQ值分别为3.16×107和1.54×107mol-1.L.s-1.     

一种新型噻二唑Schiff碱的合成及生物活性研究

为了寻找具有较高植物生长调节活性的物质,利用生物等排原理和亚结构连接法,对噻二唑母体进行修饰,将2-氨基-1,3,4-噻二唑与2,4-二氯苯甲醛反应,设计并合成了一个新的噻二唑席夫碱,并用FT-IR、1HNMR和元素分析方法确证其结构。合成的化合物具有一定的植物生长调节活性,具有一定的研究开发价值。     

混杂纤维对活性粉末高温后力学性能的影响

研究了聚丙烯纤维体积掺量为0.3%时,不同钢纤维掺量对活性粉末混凝土高温后轴心抗拉强度、抗压强度、抗折强度、拉压比、折压比的影响及其随温度的变化规律。结果表明：聚丙烯纤维能够有效抑制爆裂、改善活性粉末高温后的性能;混掺聚丙烯纤维和钢纤维能够提高高温后混杂纤维活性粉末混凝土力学性能,500℃之前损伤率较小,500℃之后损伤率较大;混掺2%钢纤维的混杂纤维活性粉末混凝土高温后的拉压比、折压比提高较多,混杂纤维可以优势互补。