反相高效液相色谱法测定3种中成药中的葛根素

 建立了测定小儿清感灵片、步长新脑心通胶囊和感冒清热颗粒 3种中成药中葛根素含量的反相高效液相色谱方法。采用APEXODS色谱柱 ,以醋酸铵缓冲液 (10 0mmol/L ,pH 5 0 ) 甲醇 (体积比为 75∶2 5 )的混合溶液为流动相 ,检测波长为 2 5 0nm ,流速为 0 8mL/min。葛根素在 2mg/L～ 2 0mg/L时其色谱峰面积与质量浓度的线性关系良好 (r =0 9999) ;上述 3种中成药中的葛根素含量分别为 3 48mg/g ,1 0 8mg/ g及 1 5 2mg/ g(蔗糖型 ) ;其加样回收率分别为 99 0 % ,93 4%和 97 5 %。该法简便、快速、专属性强 ,可以作为多种中药制剂中葛根素含量的测定方法。     

配体分子结构对Pd(Ⅱ)-Phen-PCA体系堆积作用的影响

用pH电位滴定法测定了含l，10-邻菲咯啉(Phen)和羧酸(CA)配体的三元混配配合物Pd(Phen)(CA)体系的稳定常数，比较和讨论了各种三元混配配合物之间的稳定性差异．实验结果表明，在三元混配配合物Pd(Phen)(PCA)中(PCA为苯基羧酸)存在分子内芳环堆积作用，堆积程度依赖于苯基和配位的羧酸根之间的亚甲基数目，其中以2-苯乙酸和3-苯丙酸与邻菲咯啉为最佳堆积．     

Thermal Emulsion Polymerization without any Conventional Initiators and Emulsifiers

Stable poly(styrene-co-sodium styrene sulfonate) (P(St-NaSS) nanoparticles with broader size distribution were synthesized by thermal emulsion polymerization without any conventional initiators and emulsifiers. The obtained polymer nanoparticles have higher ξ potential, and the particle sizes have broad distribution. The stability of polymer particles originated from the addition of small amounts of ionic comonomer, NaSS, which can act as an emulsifier in somewhat. The monomer conversion could reach up to about 28 wt% in 48 h, and did not increase by further polymerization when higher polymerization temperature (120 ℃) was employed. This polymerization system may be give some further understand for mechanism of emulsion polymerization.     

CRYSTALLIZATION AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYPROPYLENE FILLED WITH SiO2 NANOPARTICLES

Oleic acid （OA）-modified SiO2 （OA-m-SiO2） nanoparticles were prepared using surface modification method. Infrared spectroscopy （IR） was used to investigate the structure of the OA-m-SiO2 nanoparticles, and the result showed that OA attached onto the surface of SiO2 nanoparticles through esterification. Effect of OA concentration on the dispersion stability of OA-m-SiO2 in heptane was also studied, and the result indicated that OA-m-SiO2 nanoparticles were dispersed in heptane more stably than the unmodified ones. OA-m-SiO2 nanoparticles can also be dispersed in polypropylene （PP） matrix in nano-scale. The effect of OA-m-SiO2 on crystallization of PP was studied by means of DSC. It was found that the introduction of OA-m-SiO2 resulted in significant increase in the crystallization temperature, crystallization degree and crystallization rate of PP, and OA-m-SiO2 could effectively induce the formation of β-crystal PP. Effect of OA-m-SiO2 content on mechanical properties of PP/OA-m-SiO2 nanocomposites was also studied. The results show that OA-m-SiO2 can significantly improve the mechanical properties of PP.     

纳米二氧化锆在甲醇合成催化剂Cu/Ga2O3/ZrO2中的作用

The introduction of mesoporous nanosize zirconia to the catalyst for methanol synthesis dedicates the nanosized catalyst and mesoporous duplicated properties. The catalyst bears the larger surface area, larger mesoporous volume and more uniform diameter, more surface metal atoms and oxygen vacancies than the catalyst prepared with the conventional coprecipitation method. The modification of microstructure and electronic effect could result in the change of the reduced chemical state and decrease of reducuction temperature of copper, donating the higher activity and methanol selectivity to the catalyst. The results of methanol synthesis demonstrate that the Cu^＋ is the optimum active site. Also, the interaction between the copper and zirconia shows the synergistic effect to fulfil the methanol synthesis.     

溶剂热法制备纳米氧化镍及其表征

以乙酰丙酮镍、油酸、油胺为原料，十八烯为溶剂，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为表面活性剂，采用溶剂热法，在不同反应条件制备了纳米级氧化镍材料.通过X射线衍射（X-ray diffraction，XRD）、透射电子显微镜（Transmission electron microscope，TEM）、紫外-可见光吸收光谱（Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy，UV-Vis）光谱分析以及塔菲尔（Tafel）测试考察了反应物比例、保温时间、表面活性剂（PVP）、油胺的量对产物微结构、粒径、形貌、光学以及电化学活性性能的影响.实验结果表明：在反应物n[Ni（acac）₂]∶n（OA）=1∶2、添加剂PVP质量分数为1.66%、油胺物质的量为30 mmol、200℃下保温8 h时，可获得粒径约为30～40 nm纯相氧化镍，具有最佳电化学活性，交换电流密度为J₀=1.23×10^-2 mA·cm^-2.     

高温下淀粉的凝胶化作用

凝胶化作用是淀粉及改性产品生产过程中存在的一种现象。淀粉凝胶化作用的结果导致了在其产品中产生了只溶胀但不溶解的颗粒,从而影响了淀粉产品的整体性能。文章初步探讨了淀粉在高温成型过程中凝胶化作用的方式和起因。结果表明,淀粉浆料在高温成型过程中所产生的凝胶团粒是淀粉不完整的凝胶化作用的结果,足量的水分和高温是形成较多的凝胶化淀粉颗粒的原因。     

Ni－La_2O_3复合镀层的氧化行为及机制

通过对金属镍、镍镀层及Ｎｌ－Ｌａ２ｏ３复合愤层于９００℃、１０００℃时的恒温氧化实验，发现Ｎｌ－Ｌａ２Ｏ３复合镀层的氧化行为明显改善。高分辨电子显徽镜（ＨＲＥＭ）的观测研究表明，Ｎｉ－Ｌａ２Ｏ３复合铰层氧化时，纳米尺寸的ｋａ２Ｏ３颗粒掺人到氧化层中，形成了ＮｉＯ－Ｌａ２Ｏ３复合氧化物层；在氧化层晶界发现了异常原子排列的新现象。由此认为，Ｎｉ－Ｌａ２Ｏ３复合镀层抗高温氧化性能的提高，主要归因于小尺寸的纳米颗粒可微量溶解，成为Ｌａ（３＋）的晶界们聚“源”，阻止Ｎｉ（２＋）的短路向外扩散，从而改善了氧化层的微观结构和生长机制。     

基于生成对抗网络的砂岩薄片图像视野外重建

利用生成对抗网络(GAN)模型,对砂岩薄片图像的微观颗粒和孔隙结构进行视野外重建,并对预测图像的语义进行评价。结果表明,模型能够预测2.25倍于原始视野的砂岩微观结构,并且针对不同类型的岩石图像语义均具有良好的性能。模型对不同颗粒的表面纹理、颗粒形态以及多颗粒间复杂接触关系等语义的图像视野外预测结果与真实图像较为吻合。但是,在微观特殊现象图像的视野外重建任务中,模型缺乏对特殊现象的敏感性。在孔隙结构重建时,模型对微孔面孔率的预测误差大于粒间孔、裂隙和溶蚀孔等孔隙空间。不同孔隙空间重建图像的预测效果可能与孔隙特征(如孔径大小和连通性)有关。     

三维重构下整体形状参数的砂土渗透性分析

颗粒形状对砂土结构及其宏观性质有显著的影响。为探究颗粒形状对砂土结构及渗透性的影响规律,选取玻璃珠、石英砂及玻璃渣3种颗粒形状各异的砂土作为研究对象,首先采用高分辨率三维X射线显微镜(CT)进行精细扫描,重构了砂土三维结构模型。选取了颗粒伸长率、扁度、球度、孔隙比表面积等形状参数统计分析得出整体形状参数(OR),将OR引入Kozeny-Carman(K-C)方程得出考虑颗粒形状特征的砂土渗透系数的预测方程。室内柔性壁渗透试验表明砂土颗粒的整体形状参数(OR)越小(即颗粒形状越复杂),砂土的渗透性能越差,引入整体形状参数(OR)的K-C方程对砂土渗透性能的预测效果较好。