环境因子对衣藻水华消长影响的初步研究

通过对一小型水体中衣藻水华发生全过程的研究,获得几种环境因子对衣藻水华消长影响的相关数据。此次水华的发生期为2000年2月至3月,水温的变化范围在8－20℃之间。观测发现,水体中氮、磷的含量是影响水华发生的主要因素：其中有效氮磷的比值为17,这有可能就是导致水华中优势藻类的决定因素,并且当正磷酸盐浓度随着水华的不断发生而降至0．655mg/L时,衣藻的生长就受到了限制。此外我们还发现水华的消退与水体中细菌、浮萍、浮游动物等生物因素的作用有关。     

3种淡水藻类对三唑磷的富集行为研究

比较了具有代表性的3种淡水藻类--莱因衣藻(Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)、纤细裸藻(Euglena gracilis)和聚球藻(Synechococcus leopoliensis)对三唑磷的富集行为,在初始浓度为10μg穖L-1的条件下,3种藻对三唑磷的富集在极短的时间内达到平衡,富集量分别达到63.2、88.0和45.4μg穏-1(湿重),并对藻体富集三唑磷的机理以及引起这3种藻类富集行为差异的可能原因进行了初步探讨.     

Pb2+对衣藻和微囊藻种间竞争的影响

以衣藻和微囊藻的混合培养来模拟水体生态系统的浮游植物群落,研究了pb2 不同质量浓度对水体生态系统中衣藻和微囊藻种间竞争的影响.结果显示,其优势种随pb2 质量浓度的变化而变化,在乙酸铅低质量浓度下铜绿微囊藻为优势种,而在乙酸铅高质量浓度下衣藻变为优势种.测定了pb2 不同质量浓度对衣藻和微囊藻的生长、叶绿素a含量以及蛋白质的影响,结果表明:微囊藻在乙酸铅低质量浓度污染下生长速度较快,而衣藻对Pb2 高质量浓度污染的耐受能力较微囊藻高,这可能是导致衣藻和微囊藻混合培养的培养体系结构随环境Pb2 污染强度而变化的重要原因.     

Transfer of a eubacteria-type cell division site-determining factor CrldfnD 8ene to the nucleus from the chloroplast genome in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

MinD is a ubiquitous ATPase that plays a crucial role in selection of the division site in eubacteria, chloroplasts, and probably Archaea. In four green algae, MesosUgma viride, Nephroselmis olivacea, Chlorella vulgaris and Prototheca wickerhamii, MinD homologues are encoded in the plastid genome. However, in Arabidopsis, MinD is a nucleus-encoded, chloroplast-targeted protein involved in chloroplast division, which suggests that MinD has been transferred to the nucleus in higher land plants. Yet the lateral gene transfer （LGT） of MinD from plastid to nucleus during plastid evolution remains poorly understood. Here, we identified a nucleus-encoded MinD homologue from unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a basal species in the green plant lineage. Overexpression of CrMinD in wild type E. coil inhibited cell division and resulted in the filamentous cell formation, clearly demonstrated the conservation of the MinD protein during the evolution of photosynthetic eukaryotes. The transient expression of CrMinD-egfp confirmed the role of CrMinD protein in the regulation of plastid division. Searching all the published plastid genomic sequences of land plants, no MinD homologues were found, which suggests that the transfer of MinD from plastid to nucleus might have occurred before the evolution of land plants.     

莱茵衣藻-se两步法产氢用培养基的研究

分析了TAP(Tris-Acet-Phosphate)、seTA(se-Tris-Acet)、seP(se-Phosphate)、seTH(se-Tris-HCl)和se这5种培养基对莱茵衣藻-se生长产氢的影响,并进行了培养基的含量分析.结果发现,培养基的pH和氮素的含量是影响莱茵衣藻生长的重要因素;而培养基中醋酸根的含量则有助于提高厌氧产氢过程中衣藻的氢酶活性,从而提高其产氢量.综合考虑两步法产氢对细胞生长周期和细胞密度的要求以及最终厌氧诱导获得的氢酶活性,最终选择seTA培养基作为莱茵衣藻-se产氢用培养基.     

Mutagenesis of Ser24 of Cytochrome b559 α Subunit Affects PSII Acitivies in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

In order to study the functions of cytochrome b559 (Cyt b559) in photosystem two (PSII) activity, mutant S24F of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was constructed using site directed mutagenesis, in which Serine24 (Ser24) locating downstream of Histidine23 (His23) in α subunit of Cyt b559 was replaced by Phenylalanine (Phe). Physiological and biochemical analysis showed that mutant S24F could be grown photoautotrophically or photoheterotrophically. However, their growth rate was slower either on HSM or TAP medium than that of the control; Analysis of PSII activity revealed that its oxygen evolution was about 71% of wild type (WT); The Photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) of S24F was reduced 0.23 compared with WT; S24F was more sensitive to strong light irradiance than the wild type; Furthermore, SDS-PAGE and Western-blotting analysis indicated that the expression levels of α subunit of Cyt b559, LHCII and PsbO of S24F were a little less than those of the wild type. Overall, these data suggests that Ser24 plays a significant role in making Cyt b559 structure maintain PSII complex activity of oxygen evolution although it is not directly bound to heme group.     

狮头鹅,莱茵鹅和灰雁mtDNARFLP分析

用ＢａｍＨⅠ、ＢｇｌⅠ、ＥｃｏＲⅠ、ＥｃｏＲⅤ、ＨｉｎｄⅢ、ＨｐａⅠ、ＭｌｕⅠ、ＰｓｔⅠ、ＰｖｕⅡ、Ｓａｃ、ＳａｃⅡ、ＳｃａⅠ、ＳｍａⅠ等１３种限制性内切酶对狮头鹅、莱茵鹅和灰雁的线粒体ＤＮＡ进行了单酶消化。结合我们前期的工作,结果表明：狮头鹅和中国鹅其他几个品种的限制性类型完全相同,莱茵鹅和郎德鹅的限制性类型也完全一致;狮头鹅和莱茵鹅间,ＥｃｏＲⅤ、ＳｃａⅠ的限制性类型存在差异,狮头鹅和灰雁间,     

沙角衣藻-杂交水稻实验体系中有效磷与磷酸酶活性变化关系的研究

对沙角衣藻-杂交水稻体系在含可溶性有效磷、磷矿石粉和无磷的三种培养基中有效磷浓度和碱性磷酸酶活性变化关系的研究结果发现：在全磷培养基中，随着有效磷含量的减少，体系中碱性磷酸酶活性随之升高；其中含磷矿石粉的无磷培养基中，加藻比无藻的培养基的碱性磷酸酶活性升高更突出；在无任何磷源的体系中，有藻的培养基碱性磷酸酶仍呈上升趋势，表明在缺磷胁迫下，藻和水稻都能产生碱性磷酸酶分解矿石磷。     

重金属离子对沙角衣藻生长的影响

以不同浓度的重金属离子(Cd^2 、Cr^6 和Hg^2 )对沙角衣藻进行作用，结果显示：当重金属离子浓度较低，作用时间较短时，它们对沙角衣藻有促进生长的作用．随着重金属离子作用时间的增长，该藻的生长受到抑制，藻体内叶绿素含量降低，蛋白质含量增加，三种金属离子对沙角衣藻生长影响的强弱顺序是：Cd^2 ，Cr^6 ，Hg^2 ；对叶绿素含量影响的强弱顺序是：Hg^2 ，Cd^2 ，Cr^6 ；对蛋白质含量影响强弱顺序是：Cd^2 ，Cr^6 ，Hg^2 。     

主族元素对衣藻细胞生长分裂影响规律性的研究

本文以莱哈衣藻为生物模型,研究了元素周期表中主族元素以不同浓度存在时,对衣藻细胞生长分裂的影响,并由此探讨主族元素有关此类生物作用的规律性。