对中学物理教学方法的思考与探索

本文对物理教学中常见的三种课型--实验教学课、知识教学课和习题教学课的基本教学方法进行了分析,参照现代教学理论的新成果,兼收并蓄,设计了一种新的课堂教学模式--系统教学法.这种教学法,能有效地减轻学生的课业负担,全面提高物理教学质量.     

增钙干化污泥作为建筑材料研究与示范

项目简介：该项目通过对污泥干燥、脱水、改性技术的研究、开发，完善污泥预处理工艺和干化设备，实现污泥渣替代石灰石用作水泥原料的资源化利用，达到污泥处置的无害化、减量化，并通过中试，以产业化方式推广该项技术，为消除北京城市污水处理厂污泥的二次污染提供有效的解决途径。项目自主研发出拥有自主知识产权的污泥无害化处理技术专利三项国家级专利技术。     

建构大学物理网络学习环境的思考

本文对建构大学物理网络学习环境的可行性进行了分析,提出了建构一种以个性化学习为主的开放式网络学习环境的思想,最后针对建构网络学习环境的一些具体策略进行了思考。     

基于Solidworks制图实验的研究与应用

从机械制图教学的特点出发.结合SolidWorks软件的特点,利用SolidWorks的三维立体造型功能.工程科功能.装配体功能及动态演示功能.通过基本体.组合体.相贯线及装毫体等制图实验,较大地缩短认知周期,提高教学效果.     

双面加热环形通道内干涸点的确定

根据环形管通道内流体流动和换热的特点,以Kirillov和Smogalev提出的干涸点理论模型假设为基础,从最基本的质量守恒方程出发,并引入临界液膜厚度等相应的辅助模型,得到了双面加热环形通道内流动沸腾干涸点的理论模型。同时针对间隙为1.0mm和1.5mm的环形窄缝进行了低压低质量流速工况下干涸点的实验研究。比较发现理论模型预测值与实验结果基本相符。说明本文提出的理论模型适用于低压低流量条件下的窄环形通道。实验同时发现:环状流临界热流密度在系统压力为2.2MPa达到最大值,临界含汽量随质量流速的增大呈缓慢下降趋势。     

双脉冲电子束源实验

2MeV直线感应加速器注入器系统由电子束产生器和脉冲功率系统组成。电子束产生器包括由感应腔组成的阴极电压叠加器、阳极电压叠加器和真空二极管及束输运系统。脉冲功率系统则包含初级功率源Marx、次级功率源Blumlein线和触发系统，其作用是为感应腔提供一个具有数十纳秒平顶宽度的高压脉冲，激发感应腔在感应腔间隙上获得一个加速电场。在2MeV注入器功率系统中，4个Blumlein线的充气开关是由发散装置的输出触发信号进行导通控制的。通过控制发散输出触发信号到达Blumlein线开关的时间，即可以实现Blumlein线开关在不同时间内触发导通，使Blumlein线依据所设定的时间顺序输出激励脉冲，从而在真空二极管上获得高压脉冲串。由于功率系统采用的是182C结构，即一根Blumlein线驱动两个感应腔，因此最多可以实现四脉冲串列。     

氢原子光谱实验研究

氢原子的结构简单，其光谱具有明显的规律，各种原子光谱线规律性的研究首先是在氢原子上得到突破。通过测量氢光谱可见谱线的波长，能较准确测定氢的里德伯常数，可使学生对近代物理测量有初步了解。     

Probing the Microscopic Origin of Gravity via Precision Polarization and Spin Experiments

As in other parts of physics, we advocate the interaction approach: experiments ←→ (… are influenced and their importance is determined by … and vice versa) phenomenology ←→ low-energy effective (field) theory ←→ microscopic theory to probe the microscopic origin of gravity, Using the X-g phenomenological framework, we discuss the tests of equivalence principles. The only experimentally unconstrained degree of freedom is the axion freedom. It has effects on the long-range astrophysical/cosmological propagation of electromagnetic waves and can be tested/measured using the future generation of polarization measurement of cosmic background radiation.The verification or refutal of this axionic effect will be a crucial step for constructing an effective theory and probing the microscopic origin of gravity. The interaction of spin with gravity is another important clue for probing the microscopic origin of gravity. The interplay of experiments, phenomenology and effective theory are expounded. An ideal way to reveal the microscopic origin of gravity is to measure the gyrogravitational ratio of particles, Three potential experimental methods are considered.     

Experimental Study of Effect of Medium Boundary on Light Distribution in Tissue Phantoms

An experimental method for investigating the effect of medium boundary on distributions of light in the biological tissue phantom intralipid is presented. Measurements of distributions of light in intralipid-10% suspensions at 633 nm are described, in which a narrow collimated beam is incident on the surface of the phantoms and into the different depths inside of the phantoms. The experimental results show that the effect of the boundary of the medium on the curves geometry of light distributions is trivial, but the effect on intensity of scattering light is obvious, the maximal relative change of the energy fluence reaches 53.8% and the position of the peak of the energy fluence curve has a shift of 1.1 mm in the reverse direction of incident light for the phantom with albedo a=0.998, and the effect of the boundary is decreased with the increase of the absorption coefficients of tissue phantoms. The experimental results were analysed by the diffusion theory. These studies will be helpful for further understandings of the relation between the boundary of biological tissue and the distribution of light in tissue.