聚乙烯吡啶树脂对富马酸的吸附性能研究

通过静态吸附实验,研究了聚乙烯吡啶树脂(PVP)对富马酸的吸附性能。结果表明,该树脂对富马酸的吸附等温线同时满足Langmuir和Freundlich等温吸附方程;在无机盐存在下,与大孔强碱性树脂D204、弱碱树脂D308相比,PVP吸附富马酸的性能几乎不受无机盐的影响。D204树脂吸附富马酸是离子交换作用,D308树脂通过Lewis作用和静电作用吸附富马酸,而PVP树脂对富马酸的吸附行为是氢键所致,吸附为放热过程且能够自发进行。     

Lithium ion conduction and ion-polymer interaction in poly（vinyl pyrrolidone） based electrolytes blended with different plasticizers

Poly（ethylene oxide）, poly（vinyl pyrrolidone）（PEO/PVP）, lithium perchlorate salt（Li Cl O4） and different plasticizer based, gel polymer electrolytes were prepared by the solvent casting technique. XRD results show that the crystallinity decreases with the addition of different plasticizers. Consequently, there is an enhancement in the amorphousity of the samples responsible for the process of ion transport. FTIR spectroscopy is used to characterize the structure of the polymer and confirms the complexation of plasticizer with host polymer matrix. The ionic conductivity has been calculated using the bulk impedance obtained through impedance spectroscopy. Among the various plasticizers, the ethylene carbonate（EC） based complex exhibits a maximum ionic conductivity value of the order of2.7279 10 4S cm 1. Thermal stability of the prepared electrolyte films shows that they can be used in batteries at elevated temperatures. PEO（72%）/PVP（8%）/Li Cl O4（8%）/EC（12%） has the maximum ionic conductivity value which is supported by the lowest optical band gap and lowest intensity in photoluminescence spectroscopy near 400–450 nm. Two and three dimensional topographic images of the sample having a maximum ionic conductivity show the presence of micropores.     

Simultaneous extraction and preconcentration of copper,silver and palladium with modified alumina and their determination by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

In the present work,an easy solid phase extraction method using alumina modified with polyethylenimine as a new adsorbent was applied to the simultaneous extraction of copper,silver,and palladium ions prior to their determination with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.The analytical procedure involved the complex formation of these cations with polyethylenimine as a chelating agent in buffer media of pH 7.0.Under the optimum conditions,a preconcentration factor of200,150,and 200,precision of ±5.4%,±4.7%,and ±5.2%and linear calibration ranges of 15.0-140,4.0-93,and 7.5-125 ng/L(in original solution) for Cu,Ag,and Pd were obtained,respectively.Also detection limits of3.9,1.1,and 2.0 ng/L were obtained for Cu,Ag,and Pd,respectively.The proposed method was applied to the determination of copper,silver,and palladium in some real samples with satisfactory results.     

Electrospun CuFe2O4 nanotubes as anodes for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

Herein,we report on the synthesis and lithium storage properties of electrospun one-dimensional(1D) CuFe_2O_4 nanomaterials.1D CuFe_2O_4nanotubes and nanorods were fabricated by a single spinneret electrospinning method followed by thermal decomposition for removal of polymers from the precursor fibers.The as-prepared CuFe_2O_4 nanotubes with wall thickness of ~50 nm presented diameters of ~150 nm and lengths up to several millimeters.It was found that phase separation between the electrospun composite materials occured during the electrospinning process,while the as-spun precursor nanofibers composed of polyacrylonitrile(PAN),polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) and metal salts might possess a core-shell structure(PAN as the core and PVP/metal salts composite as the shell) and then transformed to a hollow structure after calcination.Moreover,as a demonstration of the functional properties of the 1D nanostructure.CuFe_2O_4 nanotubes and nanorods were investigated as anodes for lithium ion batteries(LIBs).It was demonstrated that CuFe_2O_4 nanotubes not only delivered a high reversible capacity of ~816 mAh·g~(-1) at a current density of 200 mA·g~(-1)over 50 cycles,but also showed superior rate capability with respect to counterpart nanorods.Probably,the enhanced electrochemical performance can be attributed to its high specific surface areas as well as the unique hollow structure.     

Ethylene polymerization with novel phenoxy-imine catalysts bearing 4-vinylphenyl group

This contribution reports ethylene polymerization behavior of titanium complexes incorporating bis(phenoxyimine) ligands. Six phenoxy-imine Ti(IV) complexes {6-R1-2-[CH=N(2,6-difluoro-3,5-diR2-4-R3Ph)]C6H3O}2TiCl2(1: R1 = H, R2 = H, R3 = H; 2: R1 = H, R2 = H, R3 = 4-vinylphenyl; 3: R1 = CH3, R2 = H, R3 = H; 4: R1 = CH3, R2 = H, R3 = 4-vinylphenyl; 5: R1 = CH3, R2 = F, R3 = H; 6: R1 = CH3, R2 = F, R3 = 4-vinylphenyl) have been synthesized and evaluated for ethylene polymerization using dried MAO(simplified as DMAO) as cocatalyst. An obvious catalytic heterogeneity of Cat 2(Complex 2/DMAO) towards ethylene polymerization was observed, which was illustrated by decreased activity, multimodal molecular weight distribution and partially improved particle morphology comparing with Cat 1. Moreover, Cat 3 exhibits "living" characteristics in the process under certain conditions(25 °C, less than 20 min). Otherwise, the moderate to high ethylene polymerization activity of ca. 105-106 g PE/(mol Ti·h) and high molecular weight(Mw = 105-106) of polyethylene can be obtained by changing the skeleton structure of these complexes.     

Microstructure characterization of short-chain branching polyethylene with differential scanning calorimetry and successive selfnucleation/annealing thermal fractionation

A series of the copolymers of ethylene with 1-hexene(M1–M9) synthesized by metallocene catalyst Et[Ind]2ZrCl2/MAO was studied by differential scanning calorimetry and successive self-nucleation and annealing(SSA) thermal fractionation. The distribution of methylene sequence length(MSL) in the different copolymers was determined using the SSA method. The comonomer contents of samples M4 and M5 are 2.04 mol% and 2.78 mol%, respectively. Both M4 and M5 have low comonomer content and their MSL distribution profiles exhibit a monotonous increase trend with their MSL. The longest MSL of M5 is 167, and its corresponding molar percent is 43.95%, which is higher than that of M4. Moreover, the melting temperature(Tm) of M5 is also higher than that of M4. The comonomer contents of samples M7, M8, and M9 are 8.73 mol%, 14.18 mol% and 15.05 mol%, respectively. M7, M8, and M9 have high comonomer contents, and their MSL distribution profiles display unimodality. M7 has a lower peak value of 33 and a narrow MSL distribution, resulting in a Tm lower than that of M8 and M9. The MSL and its distribution are also key points that influence the melting behavior of copolymers. Sometimes, MSL and its distribution of copolymers have a greater impact on it than the total comonomer contents, which is different from traditional views.     

超高分子量聚乙烯烧结制品的链缠结调控及其对性能影响

利用新的单中心Ziegler-Natta(Z-N)催化剂,通过干预分子链的生长与聚集行为,可获得低缠结的超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)初生树脂.本研究利用这类低缠结UHMWPE,通过设置不同的烧结温度(Ts)来改变熔体缠结状态,并探讨了链缠结程度对烧结制品结构与性能的影响.实验结果表明TS=220℃下,UHMWPE样品发生显著的复缠,造成高缠结度;而Ts=170℃下,初始低缠结状态能够得以充分保留,从而获得了缠结度具有明显差别的不同样品.示差扫描量热法(DSC)测试表明,在Ts=170℃下,低缠结度有利于在随后等温及冷却结晶过程中生成高熔点(最高达141℃)晶体与高的结晶度(最高达65%).力学测试表明低缠结度制品的综合力学性能显著提升,其中屈服强度提高72%,拉伸断裂强度提升139%,弹性模量提升162%以及断裂伸长率提升36%,实现了同时增强增韧.这就提供了一种从调节链缠结温度实现UHMWPE烧结制品高性能化的新思路.     

可控/“活性”自由基聚合制备聚乙烯及聚卤代烯烃

可控/“活性”自由基聚合(CLRP)可以用于制备分子量分布窄、分子链缺陷少的聚合物,如聚乙烯(PE)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚偏氯乙烯(PVDC)和聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF),且易控制上述单体与其他单体共聚得到嵌段聚合物。本文调研了近年来可控/“活性”自由基聚合(如碘转移聚合(ITP)、氮氧稳定自由基聚合(NMP)、可逆加成断裂链转移(RAFT)聚合和金属催化的活性自由基聚合(OMRP)等)制备聚乙烯和聚卤代烯烃等方面的工作,并指出了未来的发展方向。     

基于聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K30模板的介孔二氧化锆合成和表征

以聚乙烯吡略烷酮K30(PVP)为辅助模板刺,利用简单的沉淀-陈化法合成了具有介孔结构且稳定性较高的二氧化锆.采用TG,XRD,SEM以及N2吸附-脱附等方法对前驱物和产物进行了表征.结果表明,以PVP为模板,可以获得有序的介孔结构,经过600℃煅烧仍能保持这种相对有序的介孔结构,且具有四方相的孔壁结构,显示了良好的热稳定性和水热稳定性.改变PVP的浓度、溶液的pH值、锆盐浓度等因素可以有效地调控产物的孔结构和孔尺寸.     

制备特定尺寸的纳米金颗粒方法及性能表征

通过化学还原法制备出不同粒径的纳米金颗粒。利用紫外可见分光光度计和透射电子显微镜对纳米金颗粒的形貌及尺寸进行表征。讨论了还原剂种类、还原剂用量、试剂加入顺序、反应温度等因素对纳米金颗粒稳定性、粒径、形貌和分散性的影响。结果表明：Na3C6H5O7为还原剂制得纳米金颗粒粒径在15-20 nm之间,NaBH4为还原剂制得的...