Science Letters：Synergetic effects for p-nitrophenol abatement using a combined activated carbon adsorption-electrooxidation process

A novel fluidized electrochemical reactor that integrated advanced electrochemical oxidation with activated carbon (AC) fluidization in a single cell was developed to model pollutant p-nitrophenol (PNP) abatement. AC fluidization could enhance COD removal by 22%-30%. In such a combined process, synergetic effects on PNP and COD removal was found, with their removal rate being enhanced by 137.8% and 97.8%, respectively. AC could be electrochemically regenerated and reused, indicating the combined process would be promising for treatment of biorefractory organic pollutants.     

ADSORPTION ISOTHERMS AND POTENTIAL DISTRIBUTIONS OF NITROGEN ON VARIOUS ACTIVATED CARBONS

The adsorption isotherms of four activated carbons (Norit RB1, Chemviron BPL, Monolit, and Ambersorb-572) have been examined by nitrogen adsorption at 77.5 K. A method for adsorption potential distribution calculation has been proposed based on the adsorption isotherms. This distribution provides information about possible changes in the Gibbs free energy caused by the energetic and geometrical heterogeneities of an activated carbon as well as by the adsorbate-related entropic effects. The general character of the adsorption potential distribution is clearly visible by its simple relation to the micropore and mesopore distribution.     

Characterization and adsorption behavior of a novel triolein-embedded activated carbon composite adsorbent

A novel triolein-embedded activated carbon composite adsorbent was developed. Experiments were carried out in areas such as the preparation method, the characterization of physicochemicai properties, and the adsorption behavior of the composite adsorbent in removing dieldrin from aqueous solution. Results suggested that the novel composite adsorbent was composed of the supporting activated carbon and the surrounding triolein-embedded cellulose acetate membrane. The adsorbent was stable in water, for no triolein leakage was detected after soaking the adsorbent for five weeks. The adsorbent had good adsorption capability to dieldrin, which was indicated by a residual dieldrin concentration of 0.204μg·L^-1. The removal efficiency of the composite adsorbent was higher than the traditional activated carbon adsorbent.     

四氯化碳催化加氢制氯仿的实验研究

采用浸渍法制备了Pt/活性碳毡催化剂,并在自制的高压反应釜上考察了该催化剂对四氯化碳加氢制氯仿反应的性能。实验考察了温度、压力、Pt负载量以及溶剂对四氯化碳转化率和氯仿选择性的影响,并对实验结果进行了简要讨论。在实验范围内的最佳反应条件下,即反应温度393K,氢气压力4MPa,催化剂中Pt的质量分数为0.8% ,反应时间为22h时,四氯化碳的转化率和氯仿的选择性均可达到90%以上。     

苯氧乙酸烯丙酯的合成

对苯酚和氯乙酸的Williamson反应加以改进,使苯氧乙酸的收率达到95．4％。并以苯氧乙酸和烯丙醇为原料,活性碳负载磷钨酸为催化剂,合成了苯氧乙酸烯丙酯。考察了两个反应的主要影响因素。     

中国现代金的分析技术的发明与革新

回顾了中国金的分析技术的发展历程,重点论述了活性碳柱分离技术和泡沫塑料分离富集金技术的发明和革新对现代金的分析技术体系建立和发展的重要作用;阐述了纳微金分析技术革新和金的活动态分析、地电化学(泡塑)样品分析技术的新进展。     

南洲水厂原水管冲洗方案

南部供水工程由西海取水泵站、原水输管、南洲净水厂、输配水干管和向大学城供水等五大部分组成,原水从顺德西海起,经过长26公里、直径2．2米的两条水管,输送到南洲水厂,经常规处理和臭氧活性碳深度处理后,向广州部分地区,包括大学城,珠江新城等供应饮用净水。     

粉末碳与污泥回流强化混凝低温低浊水及残余铝

研究了粉末活性碳与聚铝混合污泥回流强化混凝对浊度、UV254和DOC去除效能;同时考察了回流对各种形态铝质量浓度的影响.结果表明,当聚合氯化铝和粉末炭的投加量分别为10、20 mg/L,粉末活性炭-聚铝混合污泥回流量为60 mL/L(回流比6%),pH值为8时,浊度去除率最大为78.5%;pH值为6.5～7.0时,DOC和UV254的最大去除率分别达29.6%和53.3%.回流工艺能强化去除浊度和有机物主要是由于回流污泥中不溶性金属氢氧化物的架桥和卷扫作用,以及回流污泥中和预投加PAC最大限度的吸附作用.回流污泥中的Al主要以颗粒形式粘附于絮体上,回流沉后水总余铝质量浓度高于常规工艺,但溶解态铝质量浓度均满足GB2006-2597生活饮用水卫生标准(<0.2mg/L).     

活性黑染料KN-B在活性碳上的吸附研究

开展活性碳对活性黑染料KN-B的吸附脱色研究,发现KN-B在活性碳上的吸附脱色率随初始pH值的降低、温度的升高、吸附时间的延长、染料初始浓度的降低、活性碳用量的增加以及NaCl盐度的提高而增加.实验条件下,KN-B在活性碳上的等温吸附规律符合Langmuir型等温吸附方程:Q=1.103C/(1+0.004 2Ce),最大饱和吸附量Qmax为263.158 mg·g-1;吸附动力学规律符合准一级动力学方程ln(C:-0.325 6)=-0.024 9t+4.237 5.     

粉末活性炭对电控反冲浸没式膜-生物反应器处理中药废水的影响

采用2套完全相同且平行运行的电控反冲浸没式膜-生物反应器(SMBR)处理富含甙类等易发泡而难降解的大分子物质的中药废水.其中一套SMBR放入粉末活性碳(PAC)(即PSMBR),另一套不放(即CSMBR).反冲时间为5min.通过调整预设反冲真空度及泵频使得抽吸周期约为90 min.在24 d(576 h)平均水力停留时间(HRT)为5.97 h的稳定状态内,CSMBR平均流量为5.87 L/h;而在30 d(720 h)平均HRT为5.99h的稳定状态内,PSMBR平均流量为5.85L/h.平均有机负荷(OLR)为4.16 kg COD/(m3·d)时,CSMBR化学需氧量(COD)平均总去除率为89.29%,而平均OLR为5.50 kgCOD/(m3·d)时,PSMBR的COD平均总去除率为89.79%.2套SMBR出水COD质量浓度均达GB 8978-1996<污水综合排放标准>医药原料药工业污水二级排放标准(300 mg/L).因此电控反冲SMBR处理中等质量浓度的中药废水是可行的.再者,PSMBR的电接点真空压力表的预设反冲真空度、泵频、以及混合液真空度和流量损失均滞后于CSMBR,故PSMBR不进行膜清洗的实际运行时间约为CSMBR的1.25倍,且当平均OLR较高时,PSMBR的COD平均总去除率增强.