微波诱导低级醇的等离子体化学反应

微波诱导低级醇的等离子体化学反应王真，洪品杰，张承聪，戴树珊（云南大学化学系，昆明，６５００９１）关键词微波，等离子体化学，低级醇等离子体能产生大量的活性自由基、亚稳态粒子和激发态离子，它所包含的能量传递过程和反应过程不仅与反应碰撞理论有关，而且还涉...     

以手性醇修饰LiAlH4不对称还原α—亚胺酮

以手性醇修饰ＬｉＡｌＨ４不对称还原α－亚胺酮张静刘晖＊王东眭秀楣（中国科学院化学所北京１０００８０＊北京大学化学系１００８７１）不对称还原羰基合成光活性的醇是一个重要的研究领域。其中α－不饱和酮，如：α－酮酯，α－烯基酮的不对称还原的研究已有不少报道...     

醇系溶剂中冠醚与碱金属离子的配位反应

The enthalpy changes, entropy changes and equilibrium constants of coordination reactions of 18-crown-6 with the alkali ions Na+ and K+ at 298.15K were measured by using RD-496 microcalorimeter with methanol, ethanol, n-propanol and n-butanol as solvents respectively. The results indicated that the enthalpy changes △rHm, entropy changes △rSm, and the stability of the complexes are closely related with the polarity of the solvents, and the order of the stability is ethanol>methanol>n-propanol>n-butanol>H2O for the same complex in the solvents investigated. The stability order was reasonably explained by relating the stability constants of the complexes with the dielectric constants of these solvents, and by using the model of solvated-desolvated ions and ion pair in the coordination reactions.     

阳离子改性HZSM-5沸石上低碳醇反应历程的TPSR-MS研究

用ＴＰＳＲ－ＭＳ技术研究了Ｃｕ，Ｚｎ和Ｇａ改性Ｈ－ＺＳＭ－５沸石的活性中心性质及Ｃ１～Ｃ４醇的反应历程。结果表明，Ｚｎ－和Ｇａ－ＺＳＭ－５有两种芳构化活性中心，即Ｂ酸和Ｚｎ，Ｇａ活性物种；甲醇在Ｃｕ－ＺＳＭ－５上只生成二甲醚、ＣＯ和ＣＯ２，而在Ｚｎ－ＺＳＭ－５上芳构化反应历程为：（１）醇经由醚脱水生成烯烃，Ｃ２～Ｃ４醇学可单分子脱水生成烯烃；（２）烯烃中间物齐聚，齐聚物通过氢转移和脱氢途径环化、芳     

胆甾-4α-甲基-8-烯-3β，7α-二醇二乙酸酯的结构与性质研究

Lophenol, cholest-4α-methyl-7-en-3β-ol (1), obtained from Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S. C. Chen, was structurally modified. It was acetylated to protect 3β-hydroxyl group, and then oxidised by selenium dioxide in acetic acid to give cholest-4a-methyl-8-en-3β, Ta-diol diacetate (3). This compound 3 is unstable in chloroform solution or when heated and easily converted to a diene compound, cholest-4a-methyl-7,14-dien-3β-ol acetate (4). The structures of 3 and 4 were elucidated by means of IR, ^1H NMR, ^13C NMR and MS, and the absolute configuration of 3 was established by X-ray crystallography. The property of 3 was also discussed in this paper. Both 3 and 4 are new compounds and were reported for the first time.     

L-脯氨酸催化下甲基酮和1-芳基-2,2,2-三氟乙酮的不对称Aldol反应

Direct asymmetric aldol addition of methyl ketones to 2,2,2-trifluoro-1-phenylethanone and its ring-substituted derivatives was achieved using L-proline as a chiral promoter. Various optically active β-trifluoromethyl-β-hydroxy ketones were obtained in almost quantitative yields with moderate enantioselectivities up to 64 % ee.     

固体酸Zr(SO4)2·4H2O催化制备生物柴油

采用新型固体酸Zr(SO₄)₂·4H₂O替代传统的液体酸、碱催化剂，催化大豆油与甲醇的酯交换反应，制备生物柴油。考察了醇油摩尔比，催化剂用量，反应时间等因素对转化率的影响。采用气相色谱跟踪反应进程中各组分含量分布。优化出该反应最适宜的操作条件为：醇-油摩尔比6∶1，催化剂用量占原料油质量的3%，反应时间6h，反应温度65℃.在此条件下生物柴油的收率可达96.6%。制得的生物柴油与中国0^#柴油(GB 252—1994优级品)的主要性能指标接近。     

柴油选择性氧化脱硫工艺的研究

对柴油选择性氧化脱硫工艺进行了研究,实验结果表明：以过氧化氢、冰醋酸、三氟乙酸为氧化剂对直馏柴油进行脱硫,可以将硫含量从213.5 ppm降到21.92 ppm,脱硫率可达89.73%.表明用氧化的方法可以很好的脱除柴油中的硫醇含量.该工艺有望为生产清洁柴油提供一条新途径.     

不对称合成4-氧代-2,4-二苯基-丁酸酯

手性醇衍生的α-重氮苯乙酸酯与N-(苯乙烯基)-吗啉在铜盐催化下的反应，能够以高度的化学产率制备手性的4-氧代-2，4-二苯基-丁酸酯，产物中两种非对映异构体的比例达到2：1．     

电化学发光法测定氟哌啶醇的研究

基于氟哌啶醇对钌联吡啶电化学发光强度的增强作用,建立了测定氟哌啶醇的电化学发光新方法.结果表明,在6.0×10-7mol/L钌联吡啶和0.10 mol/L磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH值为7.50)中,控制铂电极的工作电位为1.25 V,氟哌啶醇增强化学发光强度与氟哌啶醇浓度在1.0×10-9~9.0×10-6g/mL范围内呈线性关系,检出限为8.0×10-10g/mL(S/N=3),对1.0×10-8g/mL的氟哌啶醇进行11次平行测量,相对标准偏差为1.9%.所建立的方法已应用于针剂和片剂中氟哌啶醇的测定.