SHAPE MEMORY EFFECT OF PU IONOMERS WITH IONIC GROUPS ON HARD-SEGMENTS

SMPU （shape memory polyurethane） non-ionomers and ionomers, synthesized with poly（c-caprolactone） （PCL）, 4, 4＇-diphenylmethane diisocyanate （MDI）, 1,4-butanediol （BDO）, dimethylolpropionic acid （DMPA） were measured with cyclic tensile test and strain recovery test. The relations between the structure and shape memory effect of these two series were studied with respect to the ionic group content and the effect of neutralization. The resulting data indicate that, with the introduction of asymmetrical extender, the stress at 100% elongation is decreased for PU non-ionomer and ionomer series, especially lowered sharply for non-ionomer series; the fixation ratio of ionomer series is not affected obviously by the ionic group content; the total recovery ratio of ionomer series is decreased greatly. After sufficient relaxation time for samples stretched beforehand, the switching temperature is raised slightly, whereas the recovery ratio measured with strain recovery test method is lowered with increased DMPA content. The characterization with FT-IR, DSC, DMA elucidated that, the ordered hard domain of the two series is disrupted with the introduction of DMPA which causes more hard segments to dissolve in soft phase; ionic groups on hard segment enhance the cohesion between hard segments especially at high ionic group content and significantly facilitate the phase separation compared with the corresponding non-ionomer at moderate ionic group content.     

扫描探针纳米加工技术的现状与发展趋势

介绍了扫描探针纳米加工技术的基本原理、应用前景和最新进展 ,并讨论了该技术的发展趋势     

Electrochemical Characteristics of Mg0.9Ti0.1-xZrxNi （x=0.02, 0.04, 0.06） Alloys

Mg-based hydrogen storage alloys Mg0.9Ti0.1-xZrxNi (x=0.02, 0.04, 0.06) were successfully prepared by means of mechanical alloying (MA). The effects of Zr addition on the discharge capacity and the cycle performance of the Mg-based electrodes were also studied. It was found that the discharge capacities were improved with addition of a small amount of Zr and the cycle performances of the alloy were stabilized with the addition of Ti. The effects of surface modification or coating on the properties of Mg0.9Ti0.06Zr0.04Ni were also studied. The results indicated that coating with graphite improved both the discharge capacity and cycle life of the amorphous Mg0.9Ti0.06Zr0.04Ni electrode.     

四元Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni0.9X0.1(X=Mn,Zn,Co,Fe)系列合金的制备及性能研究

用机械合金化法合成了Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni0.9X0.1(X=Mn, Zn, Co, Fe)系列合金. X射线衍射(XRD)结构分析表明, 用X部分替代Ni后, 促进了Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni合金的非晶化过程. 用Co和Fe部分替代Ni提高了合金的放电容量, 但却降低了合金的循环稳定性. 用Zn和Mn部分替代Ni提高了合金电极的循环寿命, 尤其是Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni0.9Zn0.1合金电极经10个充放电循环后, 其放电容量仍可达到313.8 mA·h/g. 对添加Co后的合金进行p-c-T测试发现, Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni0.9Co0.1合金的吸放氢容量明显比Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni合金高, 这与电化学所测到的结果一致.     

压铸铝合金ADC12.1R的组织、性能及成形性

在ADC12压铸铝合金成分的基础上,通过成分优化设计,并对合金进行晶粒细化及变质处理,获得了一种高性能的压铸铝合金ADC12.1R,该合金经金属型重力浇注,其铸态力学性能达到:抗拉强度(σb)为254.9 MPa,延伸率(δ5)为2.925%,硬度(HBS)为102,均优于国内普遍使用的压铸铝合金ZL112Y.实际生产试验也表明ADC12.1R合金具有更好的压铸成形性、出型性及机械加工性能能够满足工业生产应用的要求.     

超细晶粒W-40%Cu合金的烧结和力学性能

以纳米W,Cu粉末为原料,通过测定H2中热压烧结和无压烧结的收缩动力学曲线,研究了纳米W-40%Cu化学混合粉末的致密化过程.对比了纳米W粉与常规Cu粉(-44μm)的机械混合粉和纳米W-Cu化学混合粉的热压烧结致密化过程.测定了烧结合金在300℃和500℃下高温应力一应变曲线.实验结果表明:采用纳米W-40%Cu化学混合粉末在H2中无压烧结时最大收缩速率对应温度为980℃;1 200℃烧结平均晶粒小于2μm,相对密度为97%.纳米W-Cu化学混合粉在H2热压烧结时最大收缩速率对应温度为930℃;1 200℃烧结合金的平均晶粒为0.5 μm,相对密度为98%.纳米W-Cu化学混合粉热压合金高温抗压强度比纳米W与常规Cu粉的热压合金高.     

烟草悬浮培养细胞的建立及其对机械刺激的敏感性研究

文章以幼嫩烟草茎髓为实验材料进行愈伤组织的诱导,确定了建立烟草悬浮培养细胞初期愈伤组织和液体培养基的最佳配比,以及烟草悬浮培养细胞的最佳继代量和继代时间,并以此为材料研究了烟草悬浮培养细胞对机械刺激的敏感性。     

新型压电共聚物P(VDF-HFP)薄膜驻极体

通过正负电晕极化、热刺激放电电流谱(TSD)、激光振动测量与分析等方法,研究了用流延法制备的经过机械热拉伸前后的两种不同HFP含量(HFP含量分别为4.7%和5.9%)新型共聚物薄膜的驻极体特性.实验结果说明,拉伸前后的这类共聚物薄膜均是极性材料,即充电极化后的材料内部同时存在取向偶极子和俘获空间电荷.正电晕极化较负电晕极化更能提高偶极电荷和空间电荷的热稳定性.对样品实施的机械热拉伸工艺能显著增强材料的极化强度,即不仅增加了取向偶极子的浓度,而且空间电荷的储存密度也大大上升;同时在一定程度上改善了空间电荷的热稳定性.但HFP含量的上升则显著降低了偶极子取向强度和空间电荷的俘获能力.HFP含量为4.7%的共聚物薄膜具有高达133pm/V的逆压电d33系数.     

Cr-Fe-Mn粉末混合物的机械合金化及其磁交换作用

对主要成分为Cr72Fe18Mn10的粉末混合物进行机械球磨。采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和Mǒssbauer谱仪对球磨不同时间的样品的结构进行研究。研究结果表明：在球磨过程中，存在铁磁性的a—Fe及Fe基的超精细场分布组元和顺磁性的Cr基固溶体，球磨30h能形成顺磁性的纳米晶Cr-Fe-Mn合金；样品的矫顽力随球磨时间的延长先增加后减小，球磨12h时样品的矫顽力最大，为17．313kA／m；球磨样品在高于Cr的奈尔温度退火后场冷却时的矫顽力大于相应的零场冷却时的矫顽力，主要由体系中的铁磁-反铁磁交换作用所引起，其强弱随球磨时间的不同而不同。     

螺旋槽干式气体端面密封的刚度和泄漏量研究

干式气体端面密封(DGS)是一种非接触式机械密封,适用于大多数气体密封场合,了解密封特性尤其是气膜刚度和泄漏量对正确设计密封非常重要.针对螺旋槽气体端面密封结构,用有限元法计算了密封端面的气膜压力分布及密封的气膜刚度和泄漏量等特性参数,分析了密封面的槽深比、螺旋角和槽长坝长比等两两变化时对密封特性的影响.研究表明,当槽深比取2.0～2.5,螺旋角取15°,槽长、坝长比取1.5～2.0,槽台宽比取1.0,槽数取12～18时,可在确保密封泄漏量低的同时具有较大气膜刚度.