Singlet-Triplet Transition in Quantum Dots Confined by Triangular and Bowl-Like Potentials： the Effect of Electric Fields

We theoretically investigate the energy spectra of two-electron two-dimensional （2e 2D） quantum dots （QDs） confined by triangular potentials and bowl-like potentials in a magnetic field by exact diagonalization in the framework of effective mass theory. An in-plane electric field is found to contribute to the singlet-triplet transition of the ground state of the 2e 2D QDs confined by triangular or bowl-like potentials in a perpendicular magnetic field. The stronger the in-plane electric field, the smaller the magnetic field for the total spin of the ground states in the dot systems to change from S = 0 to S = 1. However, the influence of an in-plane electric field on the singlettriplet transition of the ground state of two electrons in a triangular QD modulated by a perpendicular magnetic field is quite small because the triangular potential just deviates from the harmonic potential well slightly. We find that the strength of the perpendicular magnetic field needed for the spin singlet-triplet transition of the ground state of the QD confined by a bowl-like potential is reduced drastically by applying an in-plane electric field.     

Structural and Electrical Characteristics of Pb（Zr0.53,Ti0.47）O3 Thin Films Deposited on Si （100） Substrates

Pb(Zr0.53, Ti0.47)O3 (PZT) films were directly deposited on Si substrates without a buffer layer by pulsed laser deposition. Only(110)-oriented PZT peaks (other than Si substrate peaks) were observed from the XRD data. The electrical properties of the PZT/Si capacitor were characterized in terms of both the capacitance versus voltage (C-V) and current versus voltage (I-V) measurements. The clockwise trace of the C-V curve shows ferroelectric polarization switching, as is expected. From the I-V curves, the Schottky emission and spacecharge-limited-current behaviour are found to be the mainly leakage current mechanism in a certain electric field range in the negative and positive bias, respectively.     

Dark Energy Density in Brane World

We present a possible explanation to the tiny positive cosmological constant under the frame of AdS5 spacetime embedded by a dS4 brahe. We calculate the dark energy density by summing the zero point energy of massive scalar fields in AdS5 spacetime. Under the assumption that the radius of AdS5 spacetime is of the same magnitude as the radius of observable universe, the dark energy density in dS4 brahe is obtained, which is smaller than the observational value. The reasons are also discussed.     

光学材料微缺陷引起的损伤机理及后处理

采用时域有限差分方法（FDTD）进行元件表面微结构电磁场分布的数值模拟；同时实验分析了化学湿法刻蚀对光学元件表面面形及粗糙度、激光损伤阈值等的影响。     

一类图的特征多项式与匹配多项式

本文对一类具有对称轴的图A_n(n≥0),得到了它的特征多项式及匹配多项式的精确表达式;同时还得到A_(?)的完美匹配数。     

Structural Characteristics of Liquid Sn

We investigate the structural properties of liquid Sn. With the help of the internal friction (tanФ) method, it is found that a peak appears in the tan Ф - T curve, suggesting that an anomalous discontinuous temperatureinduced structure change may take place in liquid Sn. From the experimental data of pair distribution functions, we calculate the viscosity η and the excess entropy S and it is found that there are a peak of viscosity in the η-T curve and a bend of excess entropy in the S - T curve, which give a positive support to the appearance of the internal-friction peak in the tan Ф- T curve.     

Experimental Study of Effect of Medium Boundary on Light Distribution in Tissue Phantoms

An experimental method for investigating the effect of medium boundary on distributions of light in the biological tissue phantom intralipid is presented. Measurements of distributions of light in intralipid-10% suspensions at 633 nm are described, in which a narrow collimated beam is incident on the surface of the phantoms and into the different depths inside of the phantoms. The experimental results show that the effect of the boundary of the medium on the curves geometry of light distributions is trivial, but the effect on intensity of scattering light is obvious, the maximal relative change of the energy fluence reaches 53.8% and the position of the peak of the energy fluence curve has a shift of 1.1 mm in the reverse direction of incident light for the phantom with albedo a=0.998, and the effect of the boundary is decreased with the increase of the absorption coefficients of tissue phantoms. The experimental results were analysed by the diffusion theory. These studies will be helpful for further understandings of the relation between the boundary of biological tissue and the distribution of light in tissue.     

旅华日本、韩国游客旅游特征及偏好研究

以2004年在北京、上海、广州、桂林、昆明和西安6个热点旅游城市进行的随机抽样调查数据为依据,运用旅游地理学基本原理、心理学分析和比较分析等研究方法,从人口统计、旅游活动及偏好等方面对旅华日本和韩国游客进行了定性和定量的分析,总结出游客基本特征:游客以观光为主要目的,团队多于散客,大部分游客都有1～3次的来华经历;停留时间多为4～7 d;主要目的地是北京、上海和西安;偏好民俗文化类活动和中国传统工艺品.同时通过对比揭示两国游客的共性和差异,并提出一些建议,希望对进一步拓展日韩客源市场提供帮助.     

儿童教育中父母扮演的角色

孩子的成长有这么几个重要的阶段.需要父母留心注意。本文就儿童教育中父母需要扮演的角色,如何扮演好这些角色谈了看法.     

12kW二极管泵浦激光模块

二极管泵浦固体激光器（DPL）具有寿命长、热负载小、结构紧凑等优点，在工业加工、军事、通讯等领域都得到了广泛的应用。在高光束质量、高平均功率DPL激光器的研究中，目前普遍采用MOPA结构的光路布局——由谐振腔产生出低功率的单横模激光输出，经多路放大后达到满足需求的功率水平。而激光放大模块作为放大光路中的核心部件，其增益分布特性将直接影响到光束放大过程中的波前变化，因此如何在提高激光放大模块储能的同时提高模块增益分布的均匀性，从而减少光路放大过程的波前畸变，对于进一步研制高平均功率、高光束质量的半导体泵浦固体激光器具有非常重要的意义。