国外科技期刊亮点

痘病毒与先天性免疫系统间的角力;新型“隐形衣”研制成功;保持心态平和可预防老年痴呆;大脑低血糖可能诱发早老性痴呆;找到瘦素蛋白减重原理     

安徽中南部下二叠统栖霞组和孤峰组沉积环境及成岩历史

皖中南地区下二叠统发育8种不同的沉积相带。栖霞组下部主要发育滨岸细碎屑岩相带和半局限海台地相带,中上部发育开阔海台地相带、较深水台凹相带和台棚内带;早中孤峰期发育台棚外带、台棚内带和台地边缘缓坡相带,晚孤峰期在宿松地区发育了台地边缘生物滩相带。研究区下二叠统成岩环境划为海底-浅埋藏、中埋藏、深埋藏和表生成岩环境。并阐述了这4种成岩环境内的成岩作用类型组合标志。     

鄂东南地区早三叠世层序地层

湖北大冶沙田、阳新大王殿、通山新桥和崇阳港下的早三叠世生物地层的研究与火山事件沉积、沉积物注入和分布明显变化及陆上暴露标志研究相结合，建立了鄂东南地区早三叠世层序地层格架，划分出三个层序。将岩相（包括微相）分析与古生态研究相结合用以分析环境演变，发现在层序底界面缺乏暴露剥蚀条件下的层序由海侵体系域（ＴＳＴ）、凝缩层（ＣＳ）和高水位体系域（ＨＳＴ）组成。     

滇东地区早寒武世磷块岩的藻类化石

滇东早寒武世磷块岩薄片中发现大量藻类化石。本文所讨论的磷质藻类化石主要有:球状藻类、丝状藻类、疑源类、叠层石类、核形石类和花纹石类(凝块石类)等27个属种(或型),它们构成各种颗粒磷块岩、叠层石磷块岩、藻丘磷块岩,是磷块岩富矿的主要组分,P_2O_5可达30—37％。这些多门类的藻类化石,为生物成磷作用和成矿环境提供了主要依据,也为震旦—寒武系界线划分提供了新的资料。     

峨眉山早二叠世的苔藓虫化石

峨眉山早二叠世地层发育,化石丰富,含大量苔藓虫化石。栖霞组以Fenestella sp.(A)为特征,茅口组下部以Araxopora hayasakai最丰富,上部则以Meekopora emeishanensis(sp.nov.)为特色。Meekopora属在我国过去仅发现于石炭系,现该属首次在蛾眉山下二叠统中发现,其层位大致相当子北美早二叠世的瓜达卢普组(Guadalupian)。     

High-quality hydrocarbon source rock in the Paleogene sequence of the Ping Chau Formation, Hong Kong

Although petroleum exploration is being conducted in the Hong Kong region, high-quality hydrocarbon source rocks have never been found in this area. The Ping Chau Formation is only Mesozoic-Cenozoic sedimentary rock exposed in Hong Kong and its surrounding areas. The hydrocarbon source rock of the Ping Chau Formation is very rich in organic matters, which has an average total organic carbon (TOC) of 1.9% and chloroform bitumen ““A““ range from 0.14% to 0.24%. The total hydrocarbon content varies from 880 to 1800 ppm and the transformation ratio is specific from 5 to 9. The index of pyrolytic hydrogen is up to about 600 mgHC/gTOC. These data demonstrate the characteristics of the high-quality hydrocarbon source rock. The lamalginite is the major maceral of the source rock of the Ping Chau Formation, and geochemical characteristics also suggest that the organic materials of the source rock are of type I and type Ⅱ1, with abundant gammacerane, γ, β-caro-tane and C24 tetracyclic terpane, which indicate that it was formed in the salt water and brackish water sedimentary environment, and the source rock has evolved into a mature phase. The organic inclusions are found within calcite veins in cracks of the source rock, indicating that hydrocarbon has been generated and a secondary migration has happened. The source rock in the Ping Chau Formation is about 200-300 m thick, thus having considerable hydrocarbon potential. The discovery of the high quality hydrocarbon source rock in the Ping Chau Formation will certainly provide insight on hydrocarbon resource exploration in the South China Sea area.     

中非地区B盆地下白垩统储层特征及其控制因素

目的分析中非地区B盆地下白垩统沉积环境、储层特征及其控制因素。方法利用沉积学、储层地质学理论及分析技术。结果B盆地中下白垩统碎屑岩储层大多形成在河流—三角洲、近岸水下扇等沉积环境中。碎屑岩储层岩性主要为中、细砂岩,不同地区、不同类型储层物性存在较大差异;物性最好的储层为河道、(扇)三角洲前缘水下分流河道及河口坝砂体。结论储层物性主要受压实作用、碳酸盐溶解与胶结作用及沉积环境四大因素控制,其中压实、溶蚀作用及胶结作用是主要控制因素,而沉积环境对物性的影响主要表现在控制原生孔隙的发育程度,并进一步控制溶蚀、胶结等成岩作用。     

川北早志留世似包珊瑚属的两个新种

在采自四川广元和朝天一带早志留世王家湾组的材料中发现具典型包珊瑚型隔壁,发育三级隔壁的单体珊瑚新类群.该类群边缘厚结带窄,一级隔壁长,几乎可达个体中心;二、三级隔壁短,隔壁由层状组织组成,横板完整,近平列状或密集成束状,无鳞板.基本特点与似包珊瑚属(Amplexoides Wang,1947)最为接近,因而暂将该类群归入包珊瑚属,共有两个种:Amplexoides trioseptatus sp. nov., Amplexoides modaoyaensis sp. nov..根据新资料补充了似包珊瑚属的部分属征,讨论了Amplexoides Wang的主要类群、构造特点及其演化,并系统描述了两个新种.     

青藏高原东部玉树隆宝蛇绿混杂岩中早二叠世放射虫的发现及其地质意义

报道了采自青藏高原东部玉树隆宝蛇绿混杂岩硅质岩岩块中的放射虫化石.该放射虫组合包括Latentifistula crux Nazarov et Ormiston,Pseudoalbaillella scalprata scalprata Holdsworth et Jones,Pseudoalbaillella scalprata rhombothoracata Ishiga,Pseudoalbaillella sakmarensis(Kozur)等.该放射虫组合属于Pseudoalbaillella scalprata rhombothoracata带,该带可以进行全球对比,地质时代为早二叠世.放射虫动物群与可可西里、滇西等地的古特提斯放射虫组合一致,它指示了玉树早二叠世存在深水沉积盆地.     

黑龙江省东部早中生代火成岩研究现状

黑龙江省东部早中生代火成岩带的构造组合复杂,吸引着各方专家的研究探讨,探讨其形成的区域构造动力学及地球动力学机制,具有重要的地质意义.