An early cretaceous<Emphasis Type="Italic">Ginkgo</Emphasis> ovule-bearing organ fossil from Liaoning,Northeast China and its evolutionary implications

Ginkgo is a very important gymnospermous genus that has only one surviving species, Ginkgo biloba L. As a so-called “living fossil“, wild Ginkgo was found only in China, but it once flourished well and had a world-wide distribution in the Mesozoic. The earliest Ginkgo has been known from the Middle Jurassic, based on ovule-bearin gorgans. In the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, Ginkgo was one of the dominant gymnosperms in floras and possibly one of the coal-forming plants in North China. During the Early Tertiary, it reduced to a circumpolar distribution in the North Hemisphere; only a few reported from the South Hemisphere. From the Pliocene onwards, the Ginkgoales has been represented by the extant monotypic “living fossil“ Ginkgo biloba.     

Study of β—amyloid adsorption and aggregation on graphite by STM and AFM

The scanning tunneling microscopy(STM) and the atomic force microscopy(AMF) have been applied to the direct study of the adsorption and aggregation of β-amyloid(1-42)(Aβ42)on the hydrophobic graphite surface.It was found that Aβ42 were preferentially adsorbed on graphite defects such as the edges.Aβ42 peptides self-assembled into intermediate protofibrils,which in turn self-associated to form fibrils.Usually,two or more fibrils intertwined to form the helical structure.These results will provide an important clue to studying the aggregation process of β-amyloid.     

中全新世（5400aBP）亚洲季风气候季节性与年际变率的南海珊瑚氧同位素记录

对现代珊瑚的氧同位素组成的季节与年际变化研究业已表明,海南岛东岸现代珊瑚氧同位素组成在冬季主要受表层海温控制,而在夏季则主要受夏季风降水决定的表层海水盐度影响.基于这一联系,本研究在高精度铀系测年基础上对中全新世滨珊瑚40a的同位素分析结果表明,5400a前的全新世中期滨珊瑚的δ18O值相对于现代升高了0.613‰(相当于11%),指示着海水δ18O值和盐度相对于现代的升高程度,可能主要与南海和太平洋水体交换强度增加所导致的盐度增大有关;结果同时显示,δ18O值的季节性幅度相对于现代增加了0.535‰(相当于33%),可能主要由冬季海水δ18O值升高引起,这一变化也与中全新世日照相对于现代的季节幅度增加相一致,分析认为日照增加引起的蒸发量增加和太平洋海水交换加强可能是根本原因.重建的冬夏季风代用指标的结果显示,中全新世冬夏季风的年际变率相对于现代都有所增加;谱分析结果揭示出冬季风年代尺度波动和夏季风约3a周期的存在,这些周期仍位于ENSO对季节变化的周期之内.     

洛阳盆地平原区全新世地貌环境演变

对洛阳盆地平原区典型剖面的物质组成、测年数据和考古遗址空间分布特点的综合分析显示,该地区全新世地貌环境经历了伊、洛河一、二级阶地形成、阶地面接受洪积冲积物质和风尘物质不断加积、伊、洛河夹河滩地不断扩大的演变过程.二级阶地形成于全新世初期,一级阶地形成于约3.1 ka BP,阶地形成的原因以气候变化为主,因此两级阶地为气候阶地;夹河滩地自晚全新世开始,因伊、洛河汇流点东移而不断扩大;引起滩地扩大的根本原因是人类活动的不断加强.     

Benthic foraminiferal fauna turnover at 2.1 Ma in the northern South China Sea

Quantitative analysis of benthic foraminifera from ODP Site 1146 in the northern South China Sea (SCS) shows that abundance of Bulimina alazanensis, sometimes up to about 90%, decreased gradually since 3.2 Ma, especially at 2.1 Ma. Abundance of other benthic foraminiferal species, Globobulimina sub-globosa and Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, increased after 2.1 Ma. Comparison with changes in oxygen and carbon isotopes of planktonic and benthic foraminifera shows that high abundance values of B. alazanensis corresponded with lower values of oxygen isotope, but for carbon isotope, high values of the species were consistent with heavier carbon isotope of benthic foraminifera and lighter carbon isotope of planktonic foraminifera, respectively, and vice versa. Considering factors such as uplift of Bashi Strait, expansion of the North Hemisphere Glaciation, strengthening of East Asian winter mon-soon and variations in oxygen and carbon isotope of foraminifera, changes of B. alazanensis in ODP Site 1146 suggest that the source of deep water masses of the northern South China Sea changed from the warm Pacific deep water with high oxygen content to Pacific Intermediate water with low oxygen content at 2.1 Ma. In addition, the strengthened East Asian winter monsoon resulted in increased pri-mary productivity, high nutrient and suboxic bottom water. Variations in species of B. alazanensis seemed to be unable to tolerate environmental stress induced by deep water masses and productivity changes.     

Holocene climatic and environmental changes recorded in Baahar Nuur Lake core in the Ordos Plateau, Inner Mongolia of China

A 5.3 m lake core was drilled in Baahar Nuur Lake in the Ordos Plateau, and measurements of meangrain size, organic δ 13C (δ 13Corg), organic carbon content (TOC), C/N, carbonate content, carbonate δ 13C(δ 13Ccar) and δ 18O (δ 18Ocar) were conducted for retrieving the Holocene chronosequence of climaticchanges based on 15 AMS 14C dates. The record documented four major stages of climate change inthe Ordos Plateau: (IV) a cold and dry condition before ～7.65 14C ka BP; (III) a warm and humid stagebetween ～7.65 and ～5.40 ka BP; (II) a generally drier and cooler climate since ～5.40 ka BP with twohumid events occurring from ～4.70 to ～4.60 ka BP and from ～4.20 to ～3.70 ka BP, and (I) a dry climatecharacterized by complete desiccation of the lake after 3.70 ka BP. Stage III can be further divided intothree sub-stages: (IIIa) a warm and humid episode from ～7.65 to ～6.70 ka BP, (IIIb) a warm and relativelydry episode from ～6.70 to ～6.20 ka BP, and (IIIc) the magthermal and maghumid episode of the Holo-cene from ～6.20 to ～5.40 ka BP.     

三塘湖盆地中、上三叠统划分及分布

目的明确三塘湖盆地中、上三叠统小泉沟群在盆地内部各凹陷的分布及地层划分和时代归属等问题。方法依据新获得的较为丰富的动、植物及孢粉化石资料,综合归纳前人研究成果进行充分讨论及对比。结果中、晚三叠世,马朗—方方梁—苇北地区呈隆起状态,遭受风化剥蚀,故马朗凹陷缺失中、上三叠统,盆地西北部的汉水泉凹陷、条湖凹陷和东南部的淖毛湖凹陷为湖泊,接受了中、上三叠统沉积。结论三塘湖盆地由于受晚海西构造运动的影响,致使盆地整体抬升并褶皱,未接受上二叠统和下三叠统沉积。     

三华李优质丰产栽培技术

三华李为李类优良晶种之一，对气候适应性较强，易种易管，生长快，结果早，一般定植3年就能结果，由于栽培三华李投资少、收效快、植经济效益好，因而很受生产者欢迎：现将其优质丰产栽培技术介绍如下：     

“旂铃”与“圣人振铎”神话——从文化大传统探寻“工史”如何“书世”

当下人文社科研究的人类学和考古学两大转向语境下,书契与讽诵作为四重证据和文化大传统的重新发现,为因筛选、遮蔽和遗忘而导致的文字文献难解谜题提供了释读新视界。＂工史书世＂的基本方式,是工史身份递降和人类文明传承方式及技术变迁的物证。后世王者所追认的圣王谱系和神性祖先,原本是天神之子或可以借助神赐法器变形幻游通神的宗教领袖。职司书世与诗世的史官用事之物旂铃、玉瑹和圣人振铎、凤鸣衔珪等圣瑞建构均深植于神圣传统和法器信仰神话。     

43％好力克悬浮剂防治大荚豌豆白粉病锈病田间试验

田间试验结果表明，43％好力克悬浮剂对大荚豌豆白粉病，锈病有较好的防效，生产上使用以4000－5000倍为宜；10％世高粒剂也有较高的防效，使用时以1500倍为宜，用水量每667m^2为75kg.