用复势函数计算特殊边界形状的静态场问题

通过复势函数计算出了同轴圆弧柱形电容器及非平行板电容器的电容、场强和薄金属弧片中的电导、电势.     

近底泥沙通量的处理方法及适用性

为了正确理解悬沙运动方程底边界条件即近底泥沙通量的诸多处理方法的物理意义和适用性,避免泥沙理论分析和数值计算带来的偏差,归纳总结了近底泥沙通量的各种表达式,对它们的适用性和合理性进行分析.结果表明:以挟沙力、切应力、参考浓度或临界速度等方法处理近底泥沙通量,表达形式虽然多样,或将临界切应力换成对应的临界速度表示,或加入一些修正系数,但其物理本质不变,只是为了处理一些具体问题而做的简化或修正;挟沙力方法和切应力方法的经典形式用于描述近底泥沙通量更具一般性,这2种方法描述的物理过程有差别.     

太湖水环境功能区调整方案

基于《江苏省地表水(环境)功能区划》的主要成果,根据太湖湖体水质可达标性要求,对太湖西岸重点污染水域的功能区进行细化。通过建立太湖水环境数学模型,以太湖不利风场及污染物最大入湖通量作为最不利条件,模拟概化河流的入湖污染带,计算污染物纵向扩散距离。在此基础上,划定太湖湖体增设功能区的范围,提出基于湖体水质达标的功能区划分方法。     

Interaction between acoustic fields of the ambient noise and point surface source

In measuring acoustic field vector properties either complete or partial cancellation between ambient noise energy flux and the oppositely directed one, radiated, for instance, by tone or noise-shaped point source can be found. In that case there is no matter coherent or incoherent fields interact. The phenomenon of interest is named compensation of opposing energy fluxes. The paper is focused on interaction between vertical component of the surface noise energy flux and that of bottom-reflected noise-shaped interfering signal from on-water source in the deep open ocean. Bottom-reflected weak broadband interfering signal measures the extent of resultant compensation. As the vertical projection of the signal energy flux makes the interference maximum, its power appears to be comparable to that of the surface noise and complete compensation takes place at a given frequency. Once it is the interference minimum, just partial compensation can be found. No compensation was observed for co-directional energy fluxes.     

Influence of O2 Flux on Compositions and Properties of ITO Films Deposited at Room Temperature by Direct-Current Pulse Magnetron Sputtering

Indium tin oxide （ITO） films were deposited on glass substrates at room temperature by dc pulse magnetron sputtering. Varying 02 flux, ITO films with different properties are obtained. Both x-ray diffractometer and x-ray photoelectron spectrometer are used to study the change of crystalline structures and bonding structures of ITO films, respectively. Electrical properties are measured by four-point probe measurements. The results indicate that the chemical structures and compositions of ITO films strongly depend on the O2 flux. With increasing O2 flux, ITO films display better crystallization, which could decrease the resistivity of films. On the contrary, ITO films contain less O vacancies with increasing O2 flux, which could worsen the conductive properties of films. Without any heat treatment onto the samples, the resistivity of the ITO film could reach 6.0 × 10^-4 Ω·cm, with the optimal deposition parameter of 0.2 scem O2 flux.     

雷达导出参量与南京地区降水过程演变关系的诊断

中国的新一代天气雷达能够提供丰富的降水产品,但缺少反映大气热力和动力状况的产品。利用新一代天气雷达的基数据,计算出局地的温度平流、相对螺旋度、散度、垂直速度和散度垂直通量,并详细研究分析2016年南京地区的两次降水过程中,这些参量与降水演变的关系。研究表明,这些参量的变化都对降水系统的变化有良好的相关性和指示意义,温度平流通过改变局地大气热力结构和稳定度而影响系统发展;相对螺旋度、散度、垂直速度和散度垂直通量反映了局地大气的动力特性,并通过动力过程而影响降水系统的发展。层状云降水的"下暖上冷"温度平流或对流型降水中雷暴后部的"下冷上暖"温度平流结构,有利于降水的加强;相对螺旋度的变化比降水的变化提前2. 5～3. 5 h;超过3 km的散度分布直接影响降水系统的发展;系统内4 km以上的垂直上升速度对降水加强最显著;对流层中上层的散度垂直通量的负值与降水加强相关。可见,这些参量可以用于降水系统发展的雷达临近预报。     

Heat transfer in boundary layer stagnation-point flow towards a shrinking sheet with non-uniform heat flux

In this paper, the effect of non-uniform heat flux on heat transfer in boundary layer stagnation-point flow over a shrinking sheet is studied. The variable boundary heat fluxes are considered of two types: direct power-law variation with the distance along the sheet and inverse power-law variation with the distance. The governing partial differential equations (PDEs) are transformed into non linear self-similar ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by similarity transformations, and then those are solved using very efficient shooting method. The direct variation and inverse variation of heat flux along the sheet have completely different effects on the temperature distribution. Moreover, the heat transfer characteristics in the presence of non-uniform heat flux for several values of physical parameters are also found to be interesting.     

Variable fluid properties and variable heat flux effects on the flow and heat transfer in a non-Newtonian Maxwell fluid over an unsteady stretching sheet with slip velocity

The effects of variable fluid properties and variable heat flux on the flow and heat transfer of a non-Newtonian Maxwell fluid over an unsteady stretching sheet in the presence of slip velocity have been studied. The governing differential equations are transformed into a set of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations and then solved with a numerical technique using appropriate boundary conditions for various physical parameters. The numerical solution for the governing non-linear boundary value problem is based on applying the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method coupled with the shooting technique over the entire range of physical parameters. The effects of various parameters like the viscosity parameter, thermal conductivity parameter, unsteadiness parameter, slip velocity parameter, the Deborah number, and the Prandtl number on the flow and temperature profiles as well as on the local skin-friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number are presented and discussed. Comparison of numerical results is made with the earlier published results under limiting cases.     

沉淀池模型的研究现状与展望

对废水处理二沉池模型的研究现状进行了全面综述,重点介绍了基于固体通量理论的一维模型,以及沉降速率方程、层数等模型参数的选取.结合活性污泥模型研究进展和废水处理技术的发展方向,分析讨论了二沉池模型尚需解决的一些重要问题,指出了模型今后的研究应集中在如何建立包括生物反应过程的二沉池模型和完善对水力条件的模拟.     

应用控制理论的叶栅气动反设计

基于控制理论的气动设计方法作为一种基于梯度的优化方法,通过引入伴随系统计算目标函数的敏感性导数,大大降低设计成本.本文将基于控制理论的气动设计方法应用到透平叶栅的气动反问题中,应用Euler方程研究了二维叶栅的压力反设计问题,并讨论了该方法具体实施中的关键问题,包括采用非均匀B样条进行二维叶栅造型;应用Thompson时间相关边界条件理论进行伴随方程特征分析;研究伴随方程的数值求解方法,构造伴随方程的耗散通量.通过算例证明了该气动设计方法适用性好,速度快,可以大大节约计算成本.