Pressure dissociation of dense hydrogen

The self-consistent fluid variational model （SFVM） has been used to describe the pressure dissociation of dense hydrogen at high temperatures. This paper focuses on a mixture of hydrogen atoms and molecules and is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of pressure dissociation at finite temperatures. The equation of state and dissociation degree have been calculated from the free energy functions in the range of temperature 2000-10,000K and density 0.02-1.0g/cm^3, which can be compared with other approaches and experiments. The pressure dissociation is found to occur in higher density range, while temperature dissociation is a more gradual effect.     

Anomalous Pressure Behavior of N-Cluster Emissions in GaAs0.973Sb0.022N0.005

Photoluminescence of GaAs0.973Sb0.022N0.005 is investigated at different temperatures and pressures. Both the alloy band edge and the N-related emissions, which show different temperature and pressure dependences, are observed. The pressure coefficients obtained in the pressure range 0-1.4GPa for the band edge and N-related emissions are 67 and 45meV/GPa, respectively. The N-related emissions shift to a higher energy in the lower pressure range and then begin to redshift at about 8.5GPa. This redshift is possibly caused by the increase of the X-valley component in the N-related states with increasing pressure.     

Hg2CuTi型Mn2NiGe合金的电子结构、磁性对压力、四方变形的响应

运用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,研究了Hg2CuTi型 Mn2NiGe合金的电子结构对外加压力的响应以及Mn2NiGe的电子结构、磁性对四方变形的响应．结果表明：i）随着外加压力的增加,因Ni、Mn原子间距的减小而导致杂化程度的增强,使得态密度整体向低能区域移动,同时,态密度幅度整体略有减小;ii）在由奥氏体相到马氏体相的变形中,同样因Ni、Mn原子间距的减小而导致杂化程度的增强,占据态的态密度向低能区域移动,体系的能量降低,同时,成键态向低能方向移动,反键态向高能方向移动,能带变宽,成键作用加强,最终导致在马氏体相中的稳定性增大;iii）在四方变形过程中,Mn2NiGe总磁矩的变化主要由Ni原子磁矩的变化所产生．     

外场下压力及屏蔽对无限深量子阱中施主结合能的影响

考虑外加磁场、压力及屏蔽效应,利用变分方法数值计算GaN/AlxGa1-xN无限深量子阱系统中的杂质态结合能。给出结合能随磁场和阱宽的变化关系,同时讨论了有无屏蔽时的区别。结果表明:在磁场和压力作用下,结合能随阱宽的增大而减小;阱宽和压力一定时,结合能随磁场的增大而增大。屏蔽效应使得有效库仑吸引作用减弱而导致杂质态结合能显著下降。屏蔽效应对结合能的影响随压力增大而增强,随磁场强度增大而减弱。     

斯特林发动机换热器系统内工质的压力传递变化特性研究

斯特林发动机由于其外部加热特性适合用于分布式供能系统而正在得到越来越多的重视。斯特林机运转时,其内部工质的压力传递变化特性决定了输出机械功率的大小。本文首先采用施密特分析法对自主研制的某型斯特林机在预充氦气压力为2 MPa的工况下计算其压力的周期性变化情况,然后在同样的工况下用实验测试的方法研究工质在换热器系统内的压力传递变化特性。最后比较理论计算值与实验测试值得出,施密特分析法可以反映出斯特林机换热器系统内工质压力的真实变化情况,且叠网式的回热器结构是造成换热器系统内压力损失的主要因素之一。     

天然气在不同初始温度和压力下的燃烧特性研究

利用定容燃烧弹研究了不同初始温度和初始压力下的天然气燃烧特性,分析了初始温度、初始压力和当量比对其燃烧过程的影响.研究结果表明:随着初始温度的升高(300～450 K),天然气质量燃烧速率明显增加,燃烧持续期和火焰发展期显著缩短.随着初始压力的升高(0.1～0.75 MPa),天然气质量燃烧速率明显减慢,燃烧持续期和火焰发展期显著增长.且稀混合气和浓混合气条件下初始温度和初始压力的变化对燃烧持续期和火焰发展期的影响更明显.     

液态硝基甲烷热分解行为及压力效应的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理分子动力学方法对液态硝基甲烷的热分解行为进行了模拟,结合各产物布居数随时间的演化,讨论了热分解初期可能发生的3种反应,即分子内/分子间的质子迁移反应和C—N键的断裂.在长时间（30 ps）的模拟过程中,H₂O是主要产物.研究了液态硝基甲烷在不同密度（压力）条件下热分解的动力学行为.发现不同密度（压力）条件下液态硝基甲烷热分解呈现明显不同的变化趋势,并给出了解释. 关键词： 硝基甲烷 分子动力学 热分解 压力效应     

Research on the cyclostationary nearfield acoustic holography based on boundary element method

Cyclostationary sound field is a special kind of nonstationary sound field, in which the pressure signal is modulated seriously and sidebands exist in its spectrum. The reconstructed sound field can＇t figure the cyclostationary features in conventional Nearfield Acoustic Holography （NAH） procedure. On the basis of planar cyclostationary NAH, the cyclostationary NAH based on boundary element method is proposed which can be utilized to analyze radiators with complicated surface. Replacing the Fourier＇s transform with the second-order cyclic statistics, the Cyclic Spectral Density （CSD） functions is used as the reconstructed physical quantity in the proposed NAH technique, instead of the spectrum or power spectral density of pressure signal. By virtue of the demodulation ability of CSD function, the reconstructed CSD can effectively express the information of modulating and carrier wave respectively. The simulation and experiment illustrate that the validity and accuracy of this cyclostationary NAH technique satisfy the request of engineering.     

太阳能转化效率路线图

自“人造树叶”概念提出以来,科学家一直对其寄予厚望,希望它最终能带来一种廉价的自控制系统,为发展中国家的数十亿人口提供电力。据物理学家组织网近日报道,美国麻省理工学院（MIT）的一个研究小组对“人造树叶”系统的效率限制因素进行了详细分析和再设计,使其更接近现实,并有望实现一种实用、廉价的商业化样机。相关论文发表在美国《国家科学院院刊》（PNAS）上。