65Cr4W3Mo2VNb钢在热挤压模具上的应用

65Cr4W3Mo2VNb钢是我国近年来研制的冷作模具钢,该钢含有比较多的合金元素,具有良好的高温性能。本文将 65 Nb钢用于热挤压模具,结果表明 65 Nb钢的回火稳定性优于苏联牌号 3X2B8φ和美国牌号 H 13;用 65 Nb钢所制造的热挤压模具寿命比 3X2B8φ钢模具高 2—3倍。1 实验材料与实验方法 试验用钢的化学成分(Wt-%)为:C0.65,Cr 4.13,W 3.32,Mo 0.194,V0.97,N30.26,Si0.25,Mn0.19,P0.017,S0.009. 采用φ5× 50 mm的标准高温拉伸试样和 10 × 10 × 55 mm U型缺口标准梅式冲击试样,在盐浴炉中分别加热到1100,1120,1140和1160℃,按20s/mm…     

NaBO_2-H_2O_2-H_2O_2三元体系在0℃及25℃时的相图

以合成的水合偏硼酸钠NaBO_2·4H_2O晶体为原料,研究了NaBO_2-H_2O_2-H_2O三元体系在0℃及25℃时的相图,在0℃时,有NaBO_3·4H_2O、NaBO_2·2H_2O和NaBO_2·4H_2O三种化合物存在;在25℃时,有化合物NaBO_3·4H_2O、NaBO_2·4H_2O和以NaBO_3·4H_2O为主体的固溶体存在。根据相图,提出了合成过硼酸钠的最佳条件。     

醇类低温保护剂对NaCl水溶液共晶的影响

为了研究低温保护剂对盐水溶液共晶的影响, 利用差示扫描量热法(DSC)对添加不同浓度的甘油、乙二醇、1, 2-丙二醇、1, 3-丙二醇和二甲基亚砜的NaCl 水溶液的共晶现象进行了研究. 发现NaCl 水溶液共晶是一个过冷随机过程,醇类和二甲基亚砜对之有抑制作用.保护剂浓度越高,共晶焓越小, 对共晶的抑制作用越大. 其中4种醇类保护剂的抑制能力从强到弱依次是甘油、乙二醇、1, 2-丙二醇和1, 3-丙二醇.其抑制能力的强弱主要由分子量/羟基数的比值决定, 其次受甲基影响. 二甲基亚砜抑制共晶的能力与乙二醇的接近. 研究发现升温过程中,三元溶液发生共晶体的玻璃化现象和反玻璃化现象.     

Porous Silicon Carbide/Carbon Composite Microspherules for Methane Storage

Porous silicon carbide/carbon(SiC/C)microspherules were prepared by the controlled heating treatment of polymer and silica hybrid precursors over 1000℃in Ar/H_2 stream.The resultant SiC/C composite shows improved physical properties such as excellent mechanical strength,regular physical form, and high packing density.Such improvement overcomes the main inherent problems encountered when using activated carbons as absorbents without sacrificing porosity properties.N_2 sorption analysis shows that the SiC/C composite has a BET surface area of 1793 m~2/g and a pore volume of 0.92 ml/g.Methane adsorption isotherm is determined by the conventional volumetric method at 25℃and up to 7.0 MPa.On volumetric basis,the SiC/C composite microspherules show methane storage of 145(V/V)at 3.5 MPa and 25℃.The combination of excellent physical properties and porosity properties in this SiC/C composite lends a great possibility to develop a competitive storage system for natural gas.     

稀土元素对半钢冲击疲劳性能的影响

研究了稀土元素对半钢冲击疲劳性能的影响。采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜观察了经疲劳试验后半钢中碳化物的形貌、疲劳裂纹的萌生与扩展 ;测定了稀土含量与总裂纹的长度和裂纹扩展速率之间的关系曲线。结果表明 ,稀土能推迟裂纹萌生的时间 ,降低裂纹扩展速率 ,提高其冲击疲劳抗力。当半钢中添加 0 .2 %RE及 960℃× 3h正火处理共同作用时 ,抗冲击效果最显著。其原因主要归于网状共晶碳化物形态与分布的改变     

Purification of 2,6-Diisopropylnaphthalene by Static Melt Crystallization from a Mixture Containing Diisopropylnaphthalene Isomers

2,6-Diisopropylnaphthalene （2,6-DIPN）, as the precursor of important monomer 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, could be produced by the shape-selective isopropylation of naphthalene with propene resulting in an isomeric mixture having different alkylation levels. Since the boiling points of DIPNs were very close and the differences of melting points in-between isomers were quite distinctive, the static melt crystallization was applied to separate and purify 2,6-DIPN from its isomers. 2,6-DIPN with purity ≥99% was produced through a process of three stages： crystallization→sweating→melting. The phase diagram of 2,6-DIPN-2,7-DIPN binary system was plotted to opti- mize the temperature control of crystallization. By repeated crystallization of melts with different concentration levels, the yield of pure 2,6-DIPN could be enhanced to 87%. No solvent was necessary. Keywords 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene, static melt crystallization, crystallization rate, sweating rate, eutectic temperature     

高铬铸铁中的碳化物研究

本文介绍了在铸态、预处理工艺以及预处理淬火工艺中锰钼高铬铸铁的组织和碳化物的形态；就预处理淬火工艺下二次碳化物的结构和成分进行了透射电镜分析；结果表明：预处理淬火工艺下，存在铬的M7C3型二次碳化物并呈弥散分布；对高铬铸铁的耐磨性产生积极的影响。     

Microstructure and properties of Si-TaSi2 eutectic in situ composite for field emission

The Si-TaSi2 eutectic in situ composite for field emission is prepared by electron beam floating zone melting (EBFZM) technique on the basis of Czochralski (CZ) crystal growth technique. The directional solidification microstructure and the field emission properties of the Si-TaSi2 eutectic in situ composite prepared by two kinds of crystal growth techniques have been systematically tested and compared. Researches demonstrated that the solidification microstructure of EBFZM can be fined obviously be-cause of the relatively high solidification rate and very high temperature gradient, i.e. both the diameter and inter-rod spacing of the TaSi2 fibers prepared by EBFZM technique were decreased, and the density and the volume fraction of the TaSi2 fibers prepared by EBFZM technique were increased in comparison with that of the TaSi2 fibers prepared by CZ method. Therefore the field emission property of the Si-TaSi2 eutectic in situ composite prepared by EBFZM can be improved greatly, which exhibits better field emission uniformity and straighter F-N curve.     

加热温度对高速钢铸轧薄带中共晶碳化物形态的影响

研究了退火加热温度对高速钢双辊铸轧薄带中共晶碳化物形态的影响·试验结果表明,随着加热温度的提高,铸轧薄带中的网状共晶碳化物陆续熔断,粒状碳化物逐渐增多·当加热温度达到950℃后,铸轧薄带中的网状共晶碳化物基本上被粒状碳化物所取代·用汤普森弗瑞锥其(ThompsonFriedrich)方程,对试验结果进行了分析,并得出共晶碳化物层片间距的减小为高速钢铸轧薄带中的共晶碳化物的熔断和球化提供了条件·     

强磁场对高铬钢中碳化物低温回火析出的影响

借助透射电镜、维氏硬度仪及计算机模拟,研究了外加强磁场对高铬钢中碳化物低温回火析出的影响。结果表明,试验钢分别在无磁场及外加磁场强度为12T的条件下于200℃回火60min时均有M3C型碳化物析出;在外加磁场作用下,试验钢中析出的M3C型碳化物数密度相比无外加磁场作用时的相应值显著增加,但试验钢显微硬度未发生明显改变。