The relationship of differential expression of genes in GA biosynthesis and response pathways with heterosis of plant height in a wheat diallel cross

Heterosis in internode elongation and plant height is commonly observed in hybrid plants, but the molecular basis for the increased internode elongation in hybrids is unknown. In this study, midparent heterosis in plant height was determined in a wheat diallel cross involving 16 hybrids and 8 parents, and real-time PCR was used to analyze alterations in gene expression between hybrids and parents. Significant heterosis of plant height and the first internode in length were observed for all 16 hybrids, but the magnitude of heterosis was variable for different cross combinations. Analysis revealed that the heterosis of the first internode was significantly correlated to that of plant height （r = 0.56, P 〈 0.05）, suggesting that the increased elongation of the first internode is the major contributor to the heterosis in plant height. Real-time PCR analysis exhibited that significant difference in heterosis of gene ex- pression was observed among all cross combinations. Moreover, heterosis of the first internode in length was correlated significantly and positively with expression heterosis of KS, GA3ox2-1, GA20ox2, GA20ox1D, GA-MYB and GID1-1, but significantly and negatively with expression heterosis of GAI and GA2ox-1, which is consistent with our recently proposed model of GAs and heterosis in wheat plant height, suggesting the alteration of GA biosynthesis and response pathways might be responsible for the observed heterosis in plant height.     

牛蛙迟缓爱德华氏菌变异株K的分离与鉴定

用pH5.8～6.0的普通培养基从厦门同安某牛蛙养殖场患病的牛蛙肝脏分离到细菌K,但在pH7.2～7.4的普通培养基中几乎分离不出．对该菌株进行人工感染、生理生化特性、药物敏感等一系列试验,分离菌株的主要特性为杆状、革兰氏阴性、周生鞭毛,接触酶、硝酸盐还原阳性,在三糖铁琼脂上产H2S,氧化酶、丙二酸盐利用、V.P试验、明胶液化、尿素酶、甲基红阴性,确认该病原菌为迟缓爱德华氏菌(Edwarsiella tarda)甲基红阴性变异株．药敏试验结果表明,该菌对诺氟沙星、恩诺沙星、环丙沙星、丁胺卡那霉素、PVP-I、高锰酸钾等药物敏感．     

鹤顶兰大孢子发生的超微结构观察

观察鹤顶兰Phaius tankervilliae (Aiton)Bl.大孢子发生超微结构的结果显示:鹤顶兰大孢子发生过程中,存在细胞质改组的现象.大孢子母细胞发生早期呈长圆形,细胞核略偏合点端,细胞质中有大量的细胞器和小液泡,环状内质网中包裹着一些颗粒物和内含体;大孢子母细胞继续生长,先在珠孔端出现一个较大的液泡,液泡随后移向合点端,细胞核移至珠孔端,此时环状内质网消失;后期细胞质密度上升,环状内质网再次出现;当大孢子母细胞进入分裂期时,环状内质网再次消失.     

高压电场中陶粒填充床对亚甲基兰的脱色效能

考察了高压脉冲电场中陶粒填充床对于亚甲基兰的脱色效能.实验结果表明,在高压脉冲电场与陶粒的相互作用下,亚甲基兰得到了有效去除.当反应条件为电压25 kV,通入空气流量为270 mL/min,亚甲基兰溶液初始质量浓度为5 mg/L,流速为40 mL/min,在反应180 min时,去除率稳定在78%左右.随着电压的增加,流速的减小,亚甲基兰初始质量浓度的减小和空气的通入,亚甲基兰的去除率都得到增加.在高压脉冲电场下,陶粒的存在增强了电场强度,同时放电过程也增强了陶粒对于亚甲基兰的吸附,二者的相互作用促进了亚甲基兰的降解.     

湛江市野生线柱兰开花物候观测

线柱兰是华南地区常见野生地生兰,生长在公园、学校、小区等地的草坪中,目前尚未应用于城市园林绿化。本研究以广东海洋大学寸金学院为研究地点,对线柱兰的开花物候进行观测记录分析,为园林应用评估提供论据。结果表明:线柱兰花芽于12月开始形成,花期为次年1月中旬至4月下旬,其中2月、3月为盛花期,单朵花寿命5~7 d;总状花序螺旋着花5~15朵不等,花由下而上依次开放。线柱兰茎直立,叶色深绿,小花量多而密,花型秀美,花色素雅,花期集中,具备开发应用潜力。     

安徽省地理分布新记录植物

本文首次报道了刻鳞苔草和美丽苔草为中国地理分布新记录;裂瓜属,竹叶子属,沼兰属为安徽省新分布属;红果类叶升麻,直穗小蘖等34种(包括变种)为安徽省地理分布新记录植物。     

PA菌毛株菌苗的应用研究

结合国内外近年来生物科学领域中的迅速进展以及个人多年研究多种菌毛株的经验,作者于1984年建成一株“绿脓杆菌MSHA菌毛株”。本菌毛株具有跨菌属的广谱免疫原性。使用此新型菌毛株,1985年制成“绿脓杆菌MSHA菌毛株菌苗”(简称PA菌毛株菌苗)。经基础实验研究、动物实验、志愿者人体验证及临床试用,均获得良好效应。     

独蒜兰优质种苗快速培育研究

建立独蒜兰优质种苗快繁体系,为实现独蒜兰植物工业化育苗、保护野生植物资源和发展人工育种技术提供新的途径.本研究从不同基本培养基对独蒜兰种子萌发影响、丛生芽诱导增殖培养和无根苗生根壮苗等方面开展研究.筛选出影响独蒜兰种子萌发的最佳基本培养基为B5,培养30 d统计种子萌发率为92％;丛生芽诱导增殖的最佳培养基为B5+TDZ 2.0 mg/L+KT 0.5 mg/L+200.0 mg/L肌醇+2.0 g/L活性炭+20.0 g/L蔗糖,培养60 d丛生芽率诱导率为98.00％,平均产生丛生芽数为6.80个;最佳生根壮苗培养基为1/2MS+IBA 0.2 mg/L+6-BA 0.1 mg/L+2.0 g/L活性炭+30.0 g/L土豆泥+20.0 g/L蔗糖,培养60 d后统计生根率为100％,平均生根数为3.20条,平均鲜重为21.11 g.     

江西兰科一新记录种—线柱兰

报道了产于南昌的兰科Orchidaceae线柱兰属Zeuxine线柱兰Z.strateumatica（L.）Schltr.,该种及其所在属均为江西首次发现。