几种铈盐的热分解过程及非等温热分解动力学研究

利用TG—DTG—DTA热分析技术研究了二水合碳酸亚铈、九水合草酸亚铈、六水合硝酸亚铈三种铈盐的热分解过程．发现二水合碳酸亚铈在75-180℃下脱去2mol水生成无水碳酸亚铈，后者在220—300℃下分解脱去CO2生成CeO2；九水合草酸亚铈在100-180℃下脱去9mol水生成无水草酸亚铈，后者在290—380℃下分解并同时脱去CO和CO2生成CeO2；而六水合硝酸亚铈在60—80℃下首先脱去3．5mol水生成含2．5个结晶水的硝酸亚铈，后者在190-250℃下脱去2．5mol结晶水生成无水硝酸亚铈，在258—310℃下硝酸亚铈热分解脱去NO2和O2并生成CeO2．采用外推法研究了九水合草酸亚铈两步热分解过程的动力学，由不同升温速率下的热分析曲线及外推β→0获得了相应的固相热分解反应所遵循的分解机理及动力学参数．发现九水合草酸亚铈脱水过程遵循球形对称的三维扩散机理，即Jander方程G（α）=G（α）=[1-（1-α）^1/3]^2，动力学参数E=180．9kJ／mol、lnA=63．5s^-1；而脱CO和CO2过程遵循成核和生长机理，即Avrami-Erofeev方程G（α）=[-ln（1-α）]^1/1.5，动力学参数E=115．4kJ／mol，lnA=22．0s^-1．     

*EI 拓扑分子格在聚类分析中的应用

本文在引入AFS代数和AFS结构的基础上,通过对AFS代数上拓扑分子格结构的讨论,给出了EM中,由一些模糊概念生成的拓扑分子格所诱导出的X上拓扑的几点性质,并利用这些性质,对一个实际例子构造了隶属函数进行聚类分析,说明了这些性质在聚类分析中的应用。     

高频超声空化场喷射枪

根据高频超声及其空化场的力、热效应,以及空化场聚束管和液-固界面的增强作用原理,提出、设计和制作了一种小型的高频超声空化场喷射枪.试验表明,它用于水下破解冰冻物品、高分子板材焊接和瓶装液体除气方面是可行的.     

聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)水凝胶微控阀的制备与性能

以毛细管(0.5 mm内径)为反应器,通过自由基聚合的方法合成了聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)(PNIPAAm)水凝胶.在自制的毛细管系统中分别测定了盐浓度、pH值、有机溶剂体积分数以及压力对PNIPAAm水凝胶的响应时间和相转变温度值的影响.结果表明:乙酸铵溶液浓度在0.05 mol/L以下、磷酸二氢钠溶液的pH值在3~11范围内、乙醇溶液的体积分数在5%以下和流体静压力低于1.96 kPa时,PNIPAAm水凝胶的响应时间及相转变温度值变化不大,该水凝胶可作为微流控系统中的微阀直接使用.     

北京工商大学科研成果“多硫代聚芳基乙炔的合成及电化学性能研究”荣获解放军科技进步三等奖

日前，2005年度解放军科技进步奖颁发，北京工商大学（下称我校）孙家跃教授、杜海燕副教授与军事医学研究所联合研究成果“多硫代聚芳基乙炔的合成及电化学性能研究”荣获解放军科技进步三等奖．近年来，我校科研团队勇攀高峰、不断创新，科研成果屡获解放军科技进步奖，本次是继2001年获得一等奖，2003年获得二等奖后第3次荣获该奖项．     

Effects of Some Additives on the Adhesion of Polyacrylamide Sizes to Fibers

IntroductionPolyacrylamide ( PAM) size is one of the sizeingredients that are commonly used in conventionalfor mulations for warp sizing and paper making .It has theproperties of adhering to fibers and can be capable ofholding fiber together by surface attachment . Comparedwith starches and polyvinyl alcohols , PAM possesses suchcapability as excellent adhesion to cellulose fibers . Thiscapability ,however ,is not due to chemical valence ;but isdeveloped only through hydrogen bonds and Van …     

Research on Flax Fiber Reinforced Polylactide Environmental Friendly Composite

Biodegradable polylactide acid （PLA） resin can be combined with flax fibers to produce biodegradable composite materials. In our study, commercial PLA fibers were mixed with flax fibers by a non-woven method so as to make non- woven pre-forms, which can be generated into flax fiber reinforced PLA environmental friendly composites by heat pressing technology. The tensile, flexural and impact properties are tested in order to evaluate the basic physical properties of the composites, and the influenced factors listed as making technology of the pre-forms, weight ratio of flax fibers and heat pressing technology are discussed and optimized, which can be described as weight ratio of flax fibers and PLA fibers is 50/50, heating temperature, time and pressure are respectively 195℃, 20 rain and 12.5 Mpa. Preliminary results show that mechanical properties of the flax/PLA composites are quite promising compared with flax/PP composites in coclrnon commercial automotive use. Scanning electron microscope （SEM） is used to analyze the tensile specimen fracture surfaces, which shows voids and gaps occurring between flax fibers and PLA matrix and sign of fiber pull.out, the strength of flax/PLA interface can be further improved.     

Combined Density-based and Constraint-based Algorithm for Clustering

We propose a new clustering algorithm that assists the researchers to quickly and accurately analyze data. We call this algorithm Combined Density-based and Constraint-based Algorithm （CDC）. CDC consists of two phases. In the first phase, CDC employs the idea of density-based clustering algorithm to split the original data into a number of fragmented clusters. At the same time, CDC cuts off the noises and outliers. In the second phase, CDC employs the concept of K-means clustering algorithm to select a greater cluster to be the center. Then, the greater cluster merges some smaller clusters which satisfy some constraint rules.Due to the merged clusters around the center cluster, the clustering results show high accu racy. Moreover, CDC reduces the calculations and speeds up the clustering process. In this paper, the accuracy of CDC is evaluated and compared with those of K-means, hierarchical clustering, and the genetic clustering algorithm （GCA）proposed in 2004. Experimental results show that CDC has better performance.     

浅议常规三轴试验及其参数指标的选用

本文通过对常规三轴试验的具体介绍,根据试验条件和实际工程情况,分析了试验参数指标的选用及试验方法的适用范围,同时,针对试验条件和常规三轴仪对影响抗剪强度的因素进行了具体分析.     

含不同侧氨基密度的PLGA-（ASP—Diol）-PLGA共聚物合成与表征

以N-（苄氧羰基）-L-天冬氨酸和亚硫酰氯反应制备了N-苄氧基天冬氨酸酐，然后将其与不同链长的二醇（Diol：乙二醇、二缩三乙二醇、聚乙二醇200和600）缩聚，合成含端羟基的天冬氨酸-二醇交替预聚物[ASP—Diol]；分别以它们为大分子引发剂，辛酸亚锡为催化剂进行丙交酯／乙交酯（LA/GA：75／25）开环共聚，合成系列含侧氨基的天冬氨酸-二醇-聚乙丙交酯[PLGA-（ASP—Diol）一PLGA]多元三嵌段共聚物。利用FTIR、1HNMR、EA、DSC和GPC对共聚物结构进行了表征。结果表明，影响预聚物分子量的主要因素不是二醇的分子量，而是其端羟基的活性。但随着二醇链段长度增加，多元共聚物中氨基含量降低，玻璃化温度也明显下降。因此，通过改变二醇链段的长度（或分子量）可以有效控制PLGA-（ASP—Diol）-PLGA中侧氨基的密度及分布。