A new model for the life prediction of GH4133 under TMF conditions

Thermal mechanical cyclic strain tests were carried out under in-phase and out-of-phase conditions on a Nickel-base Superalloy GH4133 in the temperature range of 571-823℃. Based on analyzing the present models of TMF (thermal mechanical fatigue) life prediction, a new model for predicting nickel-base superalloy TMF lifetime was proposed.TMF life of superalloy GH4133 was calculated accurately based on the new model. Experimental TMF life has been compared with the calculatedresults and all results fall in the scatter band of 1.5. The calculating results show that the new model is not only simple, but also precise. This model will play great roles in life prediction of the metal materials and the engineering components subjected to non-isothermal service conditions.     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定镍基单晶高温合金中Mo、W、Ta、Re、Ru时元素之间相互干扰的消除与校正的研究

称取镍基单晶高温合金0.100 0g于聚四氟乙烯烧杯中,先令其与盐酸9mL和硝酸1mL加热反应,待反应缓慢时滴加氢氟酸2mL并继续加热使样品完全溶解。加入500g·L^-1酒石酸溶液2mL,冷却至室温,在塑料容量瓶中加水定容至100.0mL。按仪器工作条件采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定其中5种合金元素(Mo、W、Ta、Re、Ru)的含量,选择分析谱线依次为204.598,207.911,240.063,197.312,240.272nm。结果发现:除了Re外,其余4种元素的测定中均受共存元素的光谱干扰,严重影响了测定结果的准确性。为克服其干扰,除了采用基体匹配法消除镍的基体干扰外,试验采用混合校正系数矩阵法对测定结果进行校准。通过一系列试验计算得到混合校准系数矩阵K,并应用于模拟样品的分析。结果表明:经过矩阵K的校准,所测定的5种元素的准确度显著提高,达到了消除共存元素之间光谱干扰的目的。通过精密度试验,测得上述5种元素测定值的相对标准偏差(n=11)均在1.5%以下,并通过标准加入法进行回收试验,测得5种元素的回收率为97.0%~105%。     

带中心孔的镍基高温合金GH4049的高温疲劳短裂纹扩展规律

对疲劳试样GH4049镍基高温合金在同一载荷与不同温度下的疲劳短裂纹扩展进行了试验，利用复型技术和光学显微镜观测了裂纹形态演化全过程。发现应力集中条件下的高温疲劳短裂纹扩展主要是单裂系统破坏，随着温度升高，短裂纹逐渐变为多裂系统，并以多裂纹的合并形式进行最终破坏；扩展方式由穿晶到沿晶和穿晶的混合方式进行，温度越高，短裂纹起裂越早，裂纹平均长度越短，短裂纹扩展速率反而越慢。     

定向凝固技术制取高温合金单晶铸件的思考

回顾了单晶高温合金的发展历史，结合晶体学知识系统总结与分析了制取高温合金单晶的两种定向凝固技术的原理与晶体竞争生长机制．对两种方法现有工艺的优缺点进行了深入思考与比较，提出了两种制取任何所希望取向理想单晶的新方法，旨在为完善单晶高温合金的制取工艺提供新思路．     

Effect of Mo content on microstructure and stress-rupture properties of a Ni-base single crystal superalloy

The additional 1.5 wt% Mo was added in a Ni-base single crystal(SC) alloy with the composition of Ni–6.5Al–8.0Mo–2.4Cr–6.2Ta–4.9Co–1.5Re–(0.01–0.05)Y(wt%) to study the effect of Mo content on the microstructure and stress-rupture properties. The creep and stress-rupture tests under the conditions of 850 °C/500 MPa and 1100 °C/130 MPa were conducted, and the microstructure of as-cast, heat treated and stress ruptured specimens were analyzed. It was found that the 1.5 wt% Mo addition enhanced the stress-rupture lives at both intermediate(850 °C) and high(1100 °C)temperatures. The microstructure analysis showed that adding 1.5 wt% Mo in the basic alloy affected the microstructure dramatically, i.e., the Mo-rich phases formed in the specimens of as-cast and stress-ruptured specimens. It is considered that the improvement of the stress-rupture lives is duo to the strengthening effect of Mo to both γ and γ'phases and the decrease of stacking fault energy, diffusion constant and dislocation spacing. The Mo-rich phases precipitated under condition of 1100 °C/130 MPa did not affect the creep and stress-rupture properties obviously in the present study.     

一种考虑拉伸保持效应的多轴疲劳寿命模型

通过定义考虑拉伸保载效应的CFI因子(creep-fatigue interaction factor),将拉伸蠕变损伤和疲劳损伤进行非线性耦合. 根据断裂实验的观察,针对拉伸主 导的裂纹萌生、扩展及破坏的多轴疲劳问题,给出了一个基于临界面方法的能量型高温多轴 疲劳寿命预测模型. 所给出的模型可对不同温度、不同载荷特点、不同保载时间的多轴疲劳 寿命进行预测,模型的材料参数不依赖于温度和载荷. 并且此方法可以很方便地推广到其它 因素主导破坏的高温多轴疲劳寿命预测. 通过拟合高温合金Udimet720Li单轴带保持时间的 低循环疲劳(low cycle fatigue, LCF)寿命试验数据,得到了材料常数. 结合黏 塑性有限元分析方法,对高温双轴带保载循环载荷下Cruciform试件的寿命进行了 预测,预测结果基本落在2倍分散带内,达到工程的要求,证明了该模型的有效性.     

NiCoCrAlYTa粘结层与镍基高温合金基体的界面高温互扩散行为

采用真空等离子体喷涂技术(vacuum plasma spraying, VPS)在镍基高温合金GH3128基体表面沉积NiCoCrAlYTa粘结层,并在1 100 ℃进行不同时间的热处理。采用扫描电子显微镜（scanning electron microscopy,SEM）、能谱仪（energy dispersive spectrometer,EDS）等分析NiCoCrAlYTa粘结层与GH3128高温合金界面元素的互扩散行为。结果表明,在热处理过程中,互扩散区(interdiffusion zone,IDZ)和二次反应区(secondary reaction zone,SRZ)的厚度随着热处理时间延长而增大,且在SRZ中明显观察到拓扑密堆(topological close-packed,TCP)相晶粒的生长。Al、Ta、Co元素由NiCoCrAlYTa粘结层向GH3128高温合金扩散,Ni、W、Mo元素由GH3128高温合金向NiCoCrAlYTa粘结层扩散。依据EDS检测的粘结层/基体界面处元素成分,计算出上述元素在界面处的扩散系数,掌握了各元素在高温热处理过程中的扩散速率,揭示了VPS制备的NiCoCrAlYTa粘结层与GH3128高温合金界面处元素在高温下的互扩散规律。     

含铌高温合金液相中铌偏聚行为

利用热力学相计算方法并结合相应的Ni基数据库对含Nb高温合金液相中Nb偏析规律进行系统的计算分析,计算结果与文献报道的测试结果相符性较好.计算结果表明,液相中Nb偏聚度和最大偏聚量随合金中Nb含量的增加并非单调的增加,而是先增加到一定值后再趋于下降或不变.Nb偏聚度与液固相间的温度差却有单调增加的关系,在此规律的理论指导下,提出了减小Nb偏析的合金设计思路并进行了对比分析.     

Effect of H impurity on misfit dislocation in Ni-based single-crystal superalloy： molecular dynamic simulations

The effect of H impurity on the misfit dislocation in Ni-based single-crystal superalloy is investigated using the molecular dynamic simulation.It includes the site preferences of H impurity in single crystals Ni and Ni 3 Al,the interaction between H impurity and the misfit dislocation and the effect of H impurity on the moving misfit dislocation.The calculated energies and simulation results show that the misfit dislocation attracts H impurity which is located at the γ/γˊinterface and Ni₃ Al and H impurity on the glide plane can obstruct the glide of misfit dislocation,which is beneficial to improving the mechanical properties of Ni based superalloys.     

镍基单晶高温合金蠕变机制研究进展

叶片在服役过程中主要承受〈001〉轴向的离心载荷,由离心应力导致的蠕变损伤是叶片的主要失效机制之一。基于单晶叶片的典型服役条件,总结了国内外关于高温低应力和中温高应力蠕变变形损伤机制的研究现状,指出深入开展含典型缺陷单晶高温合金蠕变行为、氧化和热腐蚀对单晶合金蠕变-疲劳变形损伤机制影响研究十分必要。