日本大学生就业状况及其启示

目前,在经济增长趋缓的大背景下,如何促进大学生就业成为各国的难题。近年日本为应对大学生就业压力,政府、高校、用人单位等社会各方面都积极行动,显著提高了大学生的就业率。我国大学生就业情况比日本更加严峻,日本实施的一系列就业促进政策对改善我国大学生的就业状况具有一定的启示。我国需要从加强就业政策的事中事后监管、充分发挥行业协会的作用、改善高校就业指导模式、加强高职(专科)院校建设等方面入手,不断提升我国的大学生就业状况。     

中小企业在西部大开发中的地位与政策建议

本文认为中小企业是西部大开发重要的市场主体,对西部大开发起着不可替代的重要作用。由此,提出了确立中小企业的法律地位,设立中小企业管理服务机构,提供金融支持,改善财政税收政策,完善社会保障制度等促进西部中小企业发展的政策建议。     

论中部崛起进程中的江西教育发展战略

新时期,江西提出并实施了要在中部地区快速崛起的发展战略。在这一过程中,江西教育发展面临着极好的机遇,同时,也遭遇到了八个方面的挑战。于是,江西省委省政府提出了江西教育发展的总体要求。江西广大教育行政部门和教育工作者只要不断沿着中央指出的方向,落实省委省政府的部署,埋头苦干、扎实工作,就一定能为建设创新创业江西、绿色生态江西、和谐平安江西,为江西在中部地区的早日崛起提供有力的人才支持、知识基础和文化贡献,就一定能铸造出江西教育事业新的辉煌。     

Dynamic complexity of optimal paths and discount factors for strongly concave problems

We study the relationship between the dynamical complexity of optimal paths and the discount factor in general infinite-horizon discrete-time concave problems. Given a dynamic systemx _t+1=h(x _t ), defined on the state space, we find two discount factors 0 < ^{* **} < 1 having the following properties. For any fixed discount factor 0 < < ^*, the dynamic system is the solution to some concave problem. For any discount factor ^** < < 1, the dynamic system is not the solution to any strongly concave problem. We prove that the upper bound ^** is a decreasing function of the topological entropy of the dynamic system. Different upper bounds are also discussed.This research was partially supported by MURST, National Group on Nonlinear dynamics in Economics and Social Sciences. The author would like to thank two anonymous referees for helpful comments and suggestions.     

The existence of sensitive optimal policies in two multi-dimensional queueing models

Recently Dekker and Hordijk [3,4] introduced conditions for the existence of deterministic Blackwell optimal policies in denumerable Markov decision chains with unbounded rewards. These conditions include- uniform geometric recurrence.The-uniform geometric recurrence property also implies the existence of average optimal policies, a solution to the average optimality equation with explicit formula's and convergence of the value iteration algorithm for average rewards. For this reason, the verification of-uniform geometric convergence is also useful in cases where average and-discounted rewards are considered.On the other hand,-uniform geometric recurrence is a heavy condition on the Markov decision chain structure for negative dynamic programming problems. The verification of-uniform geometric recurrence for the Markov chain induced by some deterministic policy together with results by Sennott [14] yields the existence of a deterministic policy that minimizes the expected average cost for non-negative immediate cost functions.In this paper-uniform geometric recurrence will be proved for two queueing models: theK competing queues and the two centre open Jackson network with control of the service rates.The research of the author is supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research N.W.O.     

中国上市公司现金股利决策模型

该文从是否现金分红和现金股利支付水平2个维度,建立公司现金股利决策模型,分析确定影响中国沪深两市A股上市公司现金股利政策的因素。2001-03中国证监会再融资政策的调整,显著提高了上市公司现金分红的意愿,现金股利已成为中国上市公司利润分配的主要形式。公司留存收益的比例越高,则现金分红的可能性越大,支持了股利的生命周期理论。而从现金分红公司的股利支付水平来看,盈利水平越高,成长性越好的公司,现金股利的支付率却越低,其原因在于中国部分优质上市公司为达到再融资的监管要求而勉强分红,从而导致了中国A股市场现金股利总额占净利润总额的比例偏低。     

基于顾客满意度理论的住户满意度模型

为了研究我国住宅市场的现状及其发展前景,该文采用顾客满意度理论的基本思想,提出了一种分析模型。由于购买力和感知住宅质量同样和住宅消费心理及住宅市场特性密切相关,因此在模型中引入住宅金融措施和政府的住宅政策作为描述住户满意度指数的可测内生变量。该模型不仅可以用来确定住户满意度指数,还在估计住宅市场潜在需求和评价住宅金融和住宅政策上有很大用途。在北京进行的抽样调查结果表明,使用该模型来解决许多像激活住房市场这样的社会经济问题是卓有成效的。     

Asymptotic analysis for multi-objective sequential stochastic assignment problems

ABSTRACT

We provide an asymptotic analysis of multi-objective sequential stochastic assignment problems (MOSSAP). In MOSSAP, a fixed number of tasks arrive sequentially, with an n-dimensional value vector revealed upon arrival. Each task is assigned to one of a group of known workers immediately upon arrival, with the reward given by an n-dimensional product-form vector. The objective is to maximize each component of the expected reward vector. We provide expressions for the asymptotic expected reward per task for each component of the reward vector and compare the convergence rates for three classes of Pareto optimal policies.     

Influence of Grafted Chain Length of a Phenolic Copolymer on Its Complex Formation with Poly(vinyl Pyrrolidone) and Poly(ethylene Oxide)

A phenolic copolymer has been grafted with oligomers of different chain lengths. Polymer-polymer complexation has been studied between graft copolymers and nonionic polymers, such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone) and poly(ethylene oxide), in an acetone-methanol mixture by several methods, e.g., viscosity, conductance, and apparent pH measurements. A distinct stepwise complexation between PVP and graft copolymers has been observed. The length of the side chain also seemed to influence interpolymer complex formation. Some of these observations have been interpreted with reference to the actual structure of the graft copolymers.     

A stochastic control model of investment,production, and consumption on a finite horizon

In this paper, we consider a stochastic control problem on a finite time horizon. The unit price of capital obeys a logarithmic Brownian motion, and the income from production is also subject to the random Brownian fluctuations. The goal is to choose optimal investment and consumption policies to maximize the finite horizon expected discounted hyperbolic absolute risk aversion utility of consumption. A dynamic programming principle is used to derive a time‐dependent Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation. The Leray–Schauder fixed point theorem is used to obtain existence of solution of the HJB equation. At last, we derive the optimal investment and consumption policies by the verification theorem. The main contribution in this paper is the use of PDE technique to the finite time problem for obtaining optimal polices. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.