全文获取类型
收费全文 | 10134篇 |
免费 | 797篇 |
国内免费 | 1355篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 3903篇 |
晶体学 | 43篇 |
力学 | 948篇 |
综合类 | 76篇 |
数学 | 2050篇 |
物理学 | 1368篇 |
综合类 | 3898篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 22篇 |
2023年 | 139篇 |
2022年 | 240篇 |
2021年 | 267篇 |
2020年 | 346篇 |
2019年 | 273篇 |
2018年 | 276篇 |
2017年 | 304篇 |
2016年 | 331篇 |
2015年 | 337篇 |
2014年 | 498篇 |
2013年 | 614篇 |
2012年 | 570篇 |
2011年 | 682篇 |
2010年 | 514篇 |
2009年 | 618篇 |
2008年 | 589篇 |
2007年 | 729篇 |
2006年 | 673篇 |
2005年 | 615篇 |
2004年 | 542篇 |
2003年 | 478篇 |
2002年 | 359篇 |
2001年 | 321篇 |
2000年 | 302篇 |
1999年 | 239篇 |
1998年 | 232篇 |
1997年 | 185篇 |
1996年 | 178篇 |
1995年 | 122篇 |
1994年 | 159篇 |
1993年 | 101篇 |
1992年 | 99篇 |
1991年 | 75篇 |
1990年 | 63篇 |
1989年 | 58篇 |
1988年 | 31篇 |
1987年 | 27篇 |
1986年 | 20篇 |
1985年 | 17篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1955年 | 1篇 |
1936年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
在理想导体边界条件下,对3维Maxwell方程的局部1维多辛Preissman格式的能量守恒性质进行研究.运用能量分析法推导了2个能量恒等式,这些恒等式说明了给出的格式在所定义的离散范数下是能量守恒和无条件稳定的,数值算例验证了结论的正确性. 相似文献
2.
Erosion and sediments transport processes have a great impact on industrial structures and on water quality. Despite its limitations, the Saint‐Venant‐Exner system is still (and for sure for some years) widely used in industrial codes to model the bedload sediment transport. In practice, its numerical resolution is mostly handled by a splitting technique that allows a weak coupling between hydraulic and morphodynamic distinct softwares but may suffer from important stability issues. In recent works, many authors proposed alternative methods based on a strong coupling that cure this problem but are not so trivial to implement in an industrial context. In this work, we then pursue 2 objectives. First, we propose a very simple scheme based on an approximate Riemann solver, respecting the strong coupling framework, and we demonstrate its stability and accuracy through a number of numerical test cases. However, second, we reinterpret our scheme as a splitting technique and we extend the purpose to propose what should be the minimal coupling that ensures the stability of the global numerical process in industrial codes, at least, when dealing with collocated finite volume method. The resulting splitting method is, up to our knowledge, the only one for which stability properties are fully demonstrated. 相似文献
3.
Thomas Wittmann Dr. Renée Siegel Nele Reimer Dr. Wolfgang Milius Prof. Dr. Norbert Stock Prof. Dr. Jürgen Senker 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2015,21(1):314-323
The resistance of metal–organic frameworks towards water is a very critical issue concerning their practical use. Recently, it was shown for microporous MOFs that the water stability could be increased by introducing hydrophobic pendant groups. Here, we demonstrate a remarkable stabilisation of the mesoporous MOF Al‐MIL‐101‐NH2 by postsynthetic modification with phenyl isocyanate. In this process 86 % of the amino groups were converted into phenylurea units. As a consequence, the long‐term stability of Al‐MIL‐101‐URPh in liquid water could be extended beyond a week. In water saturated atmospheres Al‐MIL‐101‐URPh decomposed at least 12‐times slower than the unfunctionalised analogue. To study the underlying processes both materials were characterised by Ar, N2 and H2O sorption measurements, powder X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric and chemical analysis as well as solid‐state NMR and IR spectroscopy. Postsynthetic modification decreased the BET equivalent surface area from 3363 to 1555 m2 g?1 for Al‐MIL‐101‐URPh and reduced the mean diameters of the mesopores by 0.6 nm without degrading the structure significantly and reducing thermal stability. In spite of similar water uptake capacities, the relative humidity‐dependent uptake of Al‐MIL‐101‐URPh is slowed and occurs at higher relative humidity values. In combination with 1H‐27Al D ‐HMQC NMR spectroscopy experiments this favours a shielding mechanism of the Al clusters by the pendant phenyl groups and rules out pore blocking. 相似文献
4.
Josep Maria Izquierdo 《TOP》2006,14(2):375-398
The paper introduces a refinement of the notion of population monotonic allocation scheme, called regular population monotonic
allocation scheme (regularpmas). This refinement is based on economic situations in which players may have to select new partners from a set of potential
players and in which there exist certain capacity constraints. A sufficient condition for the existence of a regularpmas is given. For the class of games with regularpmas, we prove that the core coincides with the Davis and Maschler and the Mas-Colell bargaining sets. 相似文献
5.
An implicit quasi-monotone second-order accurate method is proposed for analyzing the spiral Couette flow of a rarefied gas between coaxial cylinders. The basic advantages of the method over the conventional method of stationry iterations are that the former is conservative with respect to the collision integral, has a simple software implementation for any types of boundary conditions, and applies to a wide range of Knudsen numbers. 相似文献
6.
考虑一个奇异摄动罗宾问题在Bakhvalov-Shishkin网格上的迎风差分策略,得到在改进的Shishkin网格上迎风策略是关于ε一致的一阶L∞模收敛的.数值实验证实了此理论结果,显示估计是稳健的. 相似文献
7.
ZHANG LUMING 《应用数学学报》2005,(1)
本文首先分析线性Schrodinger方程一种高阶差分格式的构造方法,得到方程的耗散项.在此基础上对三次非线性Schrodinger方程,提出了一种精度为O(r2 h2)的差分格式,证明了该格式保持了连续方程的两个守恒量,且是收敛的与稳定的.并通过数值例子与已有隐格式进行了比较,结果表明,本文格式在计算量类似的情况下,提高了数值精度. 相似文献
8.
Aiqing Zhang Xiangdan Li Changwoon Nah Keejun Hwang Myong‐Hoon Lee 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2003,41(1):22-29
A soluble aromatic polyimide was chloromethylated via a reaction with chloromethyl methyl ether in the presence of tin(IV) chloride to produce a new starting material for the modification of aromatic polyimides. The chemical structure of the resulting polymer was confirmed by 1H NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The maximum number of chloromethyl groups per repeat unit was 1.81. The chloromethylated polyimide was stable up to 250 °C and soluble in both chloroform and tetrahydrofuran. So that its utilization for further modification could be demonstrated, cinnamic acid was reacted with the formed polyimide, and it produced a new photosensitive polyimide with a cinnamoyl side chain. The photosensitivity of the resulting polyimide was investigated with ultraviolet spectroscopic methods. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 22–29, 2003 相似文献
9.
A parallel DSMC method based on a cell‐based data structure is developed for the efficient simulation of rarefied gas flows on PC‐clusters. Parallel computation is made by decomposing the computational domain into several subdomains. Dynamic load balancing between processors is achieved based on the number of simulation particles and the number of cells allocated in each subdomain. Adjustment of cell size is also made through mesh adaptation for the improvement of solution accuracy and the efficient usage of meshes. Applications were made for a two‐dimensional supersonic leading‐edge flow, the axi‐symmetric Rothe's nozzle, and the open hollow cylinder flare flow for validation. It was found that the present method is an efficient tool for the simulation of rarefied gas flows on PC‐based parallel machines. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
10.
K. Dayananda R. Dhamodharan K. Vijayakumaran T. Rajamannar 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2004,42(21):5413-5423
A monolayer of covalently anchored, novel, binaphthyl ketone is used as a surface‐confined photochemical radical generator (PRG) for anchoring a variety of polymers to silicon surfaces. The precursor PRG is synthesized by the application of a facile and novel method for the oxidation of sterically hindered benzylic hydrocarbons to carbonyl compounds. Oxidation was carried out with a stoichiometric amount of potassium peroxydisulfate, in the presence of a catalytic amount of copper sulfate in an acetonitrile/water mixture. The PRG synthesized is characterized by 1H NMR, UV, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The covalently attached monolayers are characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ellipsometry, and water contact angle measurements. The method developed is applicable to the preparation of a monolayer of a variety of polymers on a wide range of substrates carrying surface hydroxyl groups. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 5413–5423, 2004 相似文献