MSPD-PTV/GC/MS测定动物源性食品中的氯霉素

用GC/MS(负化学电离,NCI)建立一个高灵敏度、快速测定氯霉素的新方法.在GC/MS上用NCI和选择离子模式进行测定,提高了测定的灵敏度和抗干扰能力.采用程序升温汽化大体积进样,进样量为100 μL,是常规进样量的100倍,使得方法的检出限降低了2个数量级,达到了5 pg/g.采用基质固相分散替代固相萃取,大大简化了样品前处理步骤,提高了方法的准确度和精密度.加标浓度为0.01～10.0 ng/g时,回收率在95.88%～107.69%之间,变异系数小于5.92%.     

Advanced Sensing of Antibiotics with Magnetic Gold Nanocomposite: Electrochemical Detection of Chloramphenicol

The sensing and accurate determination of antibiotics in various environments represents a big challenge, mainly owing to their widespread use in medicine, veterinary practice, and other fields. Therefore, a new, simple electrochemical sensor for the detection of antibiotic chloramphenicol (CAP) has been developed in this work. The amplification strategy of the sensor is based on the application of magnetite nanostructures stabilized with carboxymethyl cellulose (Fe₃O₄‐CMC) and decorated with nanometer‐sized Au nanoparticles (NPs) (Fe₃O₄‐CMC@Au). In this case, CMC serves as a stabilizing agent, preventing the aggregation of Fe₃O₄ NPs, and hence, enabling the kinetic barrier for electron transport to be overcome, and the Au NPs serve as an electron‐conducting tunnel for better electron transport. As a proof of concept, the developed nanosensor is used for the detection of CAP in human urine samples, giving a recovery value of around 97 %, which indicates the high accuracy of the as‐prepared nanosensor.     

Fluorescence studies of the interaction between chloramphenicol and nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots and determination of chloramphenicol in chicken feed

Chloramphenicol (CAP) is a veterinary antibiotic that has been banned due to its severe side effects in humans. Through the application of manure, veterinary antibiotics can enter the soil, where they can be taken up by crops and vegetables and pose a potential health hazard to humans. Thus, it is highly desirable to develop a rapid and sensitive tool for on-site detection of CAP to ensure food safety and to control the abuse of antibiotics. To this end, nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) were successfully prepared via microwave-assisted synthesis using citric acid and urea as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. Analytical results suggested that the interaction between N-GQDs and CAP could occurs via π-π stacking, which quenched N-GQD fluorescence. CAP spiked into chicken feed could be rapidly extracted with ethanol and quantified based on N-GQD fluorescence quenching without further separation. This method showed good recovery (97–102.6%), a low detection limit (1.8 ppm), and was not affected by interference from florfenicol, and thiamphenicol, legal substitute antibiotics. This method has excellent potential for determination of CAP in livestock feed and soil.     

高效液相色谱/串联质谱法同时测定虾中氯霉素、甲砜霉素和氟甲砜霉素残留量

用高效液相色谱／串联质谱(LC／MS,／MS)同时测定虾中的氯霉素(CAP)、甲砜霉素(TAP)和氟甲砜霉素(FF)。均质后的虾样品,采用碱化乙酸乙酯提取。浓缩提取物经液．液分配(LLP)去除脂肪,C18固相萃取(SPE)柱净化后,采用LC／MS／MS电喷雾电离(ESI),负离子,多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,外标法定量。检出限为：氯霉素和氟甲砜霉素0．01ng/g;甲砜霉素为0．05ng／g。在添加浓度0．1～2．0ng/g范围内,氯霉素回收率为73．9％～96．0％;甲砜霉素回收率为78．6％～99．5％;氟甲砜霉素回收率为74．9％～103．7％;相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于6．4％。     

Combined use of nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy for studying recognition processes between amphenicolic antibiotics and albumin

Biological reactions are mostly concerned with selective interactions between small ligands and macromolecular receptors. The same ligands may activate responses of different intensities and/or effects in the presence of different receptors. Many approaches based on spectroscopic and non‐spectroscopic methods have been used to study interactions between small ligands and macromolecular receptors, including methods based on NMR and IR spectroscopic analysis of the solution behaviour of the ligand in the presence of receptors. In this work, we investigated the interaction between ovine serum albumin with two amphenicolic antibiotics [chloramphenicol (CAP) and thiamphenicol (TAP)], using a combined approach based on NMR and IR methodologies, furnishing complementary information about the recognition process occurring within the two systems. The two ligands, despite their similar structures, showed different affinities towards albumin. NMR methodology is based on the comparison of selective ( ) and non‐selective ( ) spin–lattice relaxation rates of the ligands in the presence and absence of macromolecular receptors and and temperature dependence analysis. From these studies, the ligand–receptor binding strength was evaluated on the basis of the ‘affinity index.’ The derivation of the affinity index from chemical equilibrium kinetics for both the CAP–albumin and TAP–albumin systems allowed a comparison of the abilities of the two amphenicolic antibiotics to interact with the protein. IR methodology is based on the comparison of the ligand–protein ‘complex’ spectra with those of the non‐interacting systems. On the basis of the differences revealed, a more thorough IR analysis was performed in order to understand the structural changes which occurred on both ligand and protein molecules within the interacting system. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

动物源性食品的氯霉素ELISA检测及分析

采用酶联免疫法检测了730例天津口岸进出口肉制品、水产品、乳制品和蜂蜜等几种动物源性食品中的氯霉素含量,对阳性结果经液相色谱-质谱联用EEC Cy3.6 confirming method进行确证,分析了其残留现状,并对英国RANDOX公司氯霉素检测试剂盒从检测范围、B/B050%抑制浓度、板内变异、板间变异、样品添加试验、实际样品检测、稳定性等方面各项指标进行试验.结果表明,试剂盒的检测低限为0.1 ng/mL,线性范围为0.05～4.7 ng/mL,B/B050%抑制浓度为0.4 ng/mL,样品加标回收率为80.5%～110%,板内变异系数小于5%,板间变异系数小于10%,试剂盒稳定性好.     

高效液相色谱串联质谱测定蜂蜜、蜂王浆中氯霉素残留

前处理方法包括添加同位素内标氯霉素-d5和采用10％偏磷酸沉淀蜂王浆产品中的蛋白质,上清液经乙酸乙酯提取,自制硅胶柱和Oasis小柱净化。净化后的提取溶液用高效液相色谱-电喷雾电离质谱检测,多反应监测3对离子（321．0／256．9、321．0／194．0、321．0／175．8）。该方法对不同基质样品的加标回收率为91％-107％;相对标准偏差小于10％;蜂蜜和蜂王浆的方法检出限分别为0．1μg／kg和0．2μg／kg。     

氯霉素在牙鲆体内的药代动力学及残留消除规律研究

采用高效液相色谱法测定牙鲆体内氯霉素的药物浓度,非房室模型统计矩原理分析药动学数据.结果表明:1)单次口服剂量为80 mg·kg-1的氯霉素,药物在牙鲆体内的药-时曲线呈明显双峰现象:第一次达峰时间Tmax(1)出现在2.00 h,鳃、肝、肾、血、肌的第一次达峰浓度Cmax(1)依次为15.01、11.80、10.35、8.56、5.21μg·mL-1;第二次达峰浓度Cmax(2)小于第一次的浓度Cmax(1),第二次达峰的时间Tmax(2)出现在8.00 h,药-时曲线下面积(AUC):肾、鳃、肝、血、肌分别为176.87、133.77、118.77、65.33、50.36μg·mL-1·h.消除半衰期(T1/2)为4.89-10.39 h,平均滞留时间(MRT)为8.67-17.05 h,说明氯霉素在牙鲆体内吸收较迅速,但滞留时间较长.2)连续5 d口服剂量为40 mg·kg-1的氯霉素,药物消除半衰期(T1/2)为39.40-115.50 h,说明口服氯霉素在牙鲆体内消除缓慢,残留较严重,其中以肾脏和肝脏组织中残留最明显.     

固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱联机分析蜂蜜中的氯霉素残留量

利用固相萃取气相色谱质谱联机分析蜂蜜中的氯霉素残留量.对氯霉素在固相萃取柱上的保留行为进行了研究,优化固相萃取条件,发现不同浓度的氯霉素在硅胶柱和C18柱上的回收率均在90%以上,蜂蜜加标的回收率为80%～95%,相对标准偏差为7.2%～18.2%,最低检出限为0.1μg·kg-1.对氯霉素的三甲基硅烷化衍生物采用选择离子的模式进行检测(m/Z=466,468,470),衍生物的峰面积与样品质量浓度在0.55～220μg*L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性回归系数为0.9998.Ζ=466,468,470)衍生物的峰面积与样品质量浓度在0.55～220μhg·L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性回归系数为0.9998.