末次盛冰期以来长江入海历史的回顾与展望

比较全面地回顾了末次盛冰期以来有关东海海平面变化、长江入海历史、长江河口海岸演变、陆架上的古河道等方面的研究进展；分析了关于末次盛冰期时长江入海状况现存两种截然不同的看法，指出了可能存在的问题。提出了今后的研究方向，即应加强对因气候、海平面变化引起的河道变形作用以及长江与古环境间的相互作用及相互影响的研究，特别是应加强对陆架泥质沉积物的研究，以期取得突破性进展。     

Ulmus harutoriensis Oishi et Huzioka角质层特征及古环境意义

根据大量室内实验分析，对产于云南腾冲的植物化石Ulmus harutorensis Oishi et Huzioka的角质层进行了细致研究，揭示了Ulmus harutoriensis叶的表皮构造，其主要特征为：上表皮厚1．1μm，下表皮厚小于1μm，上表皮细胞大于下表皮细胞、毛基少、气孔器很小、只在下表皮发育、无规则型、散生、下陷较浅，在此基础上结合其他资料推测了古气候变化，并与现生Umlus pumila L。同时进行了气孔密度和气孔指数的统计，用生物学的方法推测了古大气CO2浓度，讨论了Berner的碳平衡模型。     

Holocene lake deposits of Bosten Lake, southern Xinjiang, China

A 9.25-m-long sediment core from Bosten Lake,Xinjiang, provides detailed information about changes in the water budget and biological acticity over the last 8400 cal-endar years. The chronology is constructed from six AMS radiocarbon dates on the terrestrial plant remains. Based onanalyses of TOC, CO3, detrital compounds and biogenic SiO2,lake level fluctuations and periods of remarkably-negative water budget appeared at 8.4-8.2 cal ka, 7.38-7.25 cal ka,5.7-5.5 cal ka, 3.7-3.4 cal ka and 3.3-2.9 cal ka, respec-tively. As they are in-phase with low lake levels at Sumxl Co and Bangong Co in western Tibet Plateau and with paleo-lakes in Inner Mongolia, a climate-induced change to some-what drier and warmer conditions is inferred. A further drop in lake level after 1320 AD of about 200 yr duration may heattributed to a negative water balance prior to the main phase of the Little Ice Age. Deep and stable lake phases of 1500 yr and 1800 yr duration at 7.2-5.7 cal ka and 5.5-3.7cal ka coincide with maximum moisture during the Holocene Megathermai in China. The long term trend towards aridity since about 4.3 cal ka can dearly be recognised. The reduced water budget of Bosten Lake from 640-1200 AD may be attributed to local effects.     

The age of formation of the mirabilite and sand wedges in the Hexi Corridor and their paleoclimatic interpretation

The Hexi Corridor is located at the transition zone of the Asian summer monsoon and westerly airflow, and lies in an important position in terms of its ecological fragility and climatic sensitivity. During a recent field expedition to this region, we found a sedimentary mirabilite layer in a number of localities including Suwushan, Yanchi, Baitujing, Yanchi Gaotai, Huahai, Yumen, Halanuo扙r, and Dunhuang (Fig. 1), which have the potential to provide important information about environmenta…     

Temperature variations on the Tibetan Plateau over the last two millennia

The paleoclimate data recovered from ice cores,tree rings and lake sediments indicate regional features of cfimatic change on the Tibeta n Plateau (TP) during the last 2000 years. The composite temperature reconstructions in-dicate that several main climatic episodes, such as the “LittleIce Age“ between 1400 and 1900, the “Medieval Warm Pe-riod“ in 1150-1400, a less warm period in 800-1100, and an earlier cold period between the 3rd and 5th centuries,occurred in the TP. In addition, temperature varied from region to region. The period from AD 800 to 1100, which waswarm in northeastern TP, was contemporaneous with cool-ing in the western and southern TP. The southern TP ex-perienced warming between 1150 and 1400. For western TP,the δ^18O records of the Guliya ice core indicate that the pe-Hod 1250-1500 witnessed a clear warming. Large-scaletrends in the temperature history from northeastern TP aremore similar to those in eastern China than are the trendsfrom the Guliya ice cap far to the west and southern TP. The most prominent similarities between the temperature varia-tions of the TP and eastern China are such cold phases as 1100-1150, 1500-1550, 1650-1700 and 1800-1850, andthe latter three cold events match with three widespreadg lacial advances which occurred on the TP during the Little Ice A2e.     

Loess-soil sequences in southern Anhui Province： Magnetostratigraphy and paleoclimatic significance

Two parallel loess-soil sequences from Xuancheng and Fanchang in southern Anhui Provinces are dated using geomagnetic and luminescence methods.The Brunhes/Matuyama(B/M) reversal boundary is recognized within the lower part of the so-calles Vermiculated Red Soil (VRS) in the Xuancheng section while the entire Fanchang sequence is of Brunhes age.This indicated that the most recent VRS in southern China,a stratigraphic marker and an indication of extremely warm-humid conditions,was formed during the middle Pleistocene,chronologically correlative with the S4 and S5 soil units in northern China.Microscopic and sedimentologic in vestigations reveal that eolian deposition started in this region at about 0.85 MaBp,roughly synchronous with the well-known Mid-Pleistocene climate change of global significance.The strengthening of both summer and winter monsoon circulations and the consequent river hydrological changes at that time would have provided favorable conditions for sustained eolian deposition in the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River since 0.85 MaBP.     

吐哈盆地三叠纪孢粉地层学及古气候特征

吐哈盆地三叠系划分为韭菜园组、烧房沟组、克拉玛依组和黄山街组，通过对三叠纪地层的孢粉分析，建立了该盆地的四个孢粉组合带，Limatulasporites—Tae－niaesporites—Alisporites组合带、Aratrisporites—Punctatisporties组合带、Punc－tatisporites—Calamospora组合带和Cycadopites—Lophotriletes—Protoconiferus组合带。依据孢粉的演化得出吐哈盆地三叠纪的古气候为早期的干旱温暖到晚期的潮湿炎热。     

兰州地区古气候变化的奇怪吸引子研究

利用兰州九洲台黄土剖面磁化率资料分析了古气候变化的混沌特性。结果表明，该地区．４Ｍａ以来的古气候具有有限个自由工的复杂系统，吸引子的关联维数为４．３，饱和度嵌入维数为１２。．     

Global warming： Take action or wait？

Of all the changes wrought by human activity, the buildup in our atmosphere of the greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide, has gener- ated the most contentious debate. Environmentalists warn that in the absence of firm action, over th…     

华县老官台全新世黄土剖面pH值及其古气候意义研究

对华县老官台剖面190个样品的土壤pH值测定表明：pH值的变化从总体上与其他代用指标对应良好，可用于古气候环境的研究、当气候变得湿润时，植被生长茂盛，生物化学风化强烈，土壤pH值低；当气候变干冷时，植被稀疏，生物化学风化微弱，土壤pH值高．但就局部层位的对比情况看其pH值存在差异，主要表现在气候转型期的突变方面(不像其它指标的渐变)，其两个低谷均突然出现在古土壤层S^20和S^10的中部，这两个古土壤层上部和下部又突然转为峰值．pH值的上述变化特点似乎说明其对降水的变化更加敏感，从这个意义上讲，pH值的变化是一个很好地反映降水情况非常敏感的气候代用指标，其可以用来定量恢复古气候中的降水量的多少，具体的实施方案还有待于进一步研究。