基于SOM网络的机场天气聚类分析

机场范围内的天气状况对机场运行有着较为显著的影响.然而,天气在发生时间、影响范围等方面的随机性给机场容量评估和流量调配带来一定的困难.运用SOM网络对2014年上海浦东国际机场的天气进行聚类分析,并运用DB指标和Silhouette指标对聚类结果进行评价.结果表明:SOM网络在机场天气聚类上有很好的精度与鲁棒性,2014年浦东机场的天气可按影响程度分为典型的五类,即:无影响、影响小、影响极大、影响大、影响中等.为实现航空天气聚类分析及空中交通流量管理自动化提供了有益参考.     

Some results on 0 °C isotherm height over three stations in tropical India

Some results on rain height in relation to 0 °C isotherm height over three stations located in different geographical regions of tropical India at different latitudes are presented in this paper. The seasonal variation in rain height has been found to be appreciable over the stations located in the central plains (Nagpur) and the Kashmir region (Srinagar), while the seasonal variation is not significant over the station located on the south-west coast (Cochin). The distribution of 0 °C isotherm height over the different stations is also discussed on the basis of local weather conditions. The variation in ground temperature over Nagpur and Srinagar during the year is large, while the variation over Cochin is not significant. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于CNN的机载气象雷达气象目标检测方法

机载气象雷达系统进行气象探测时易受到强地杂波的干扰,从而导致目标信息丢失。为准确检测地杂波中的气象目标,获取完整的目标信息,本文提出了一种基于卷积神经网络(Convolution Neural Networks, CNN)的机载气象雷达目标检测方法。该方法联合时域、多普勒域和俯仰维空域信息,将杂波相位对准指标、多普勒速度和干涉相位作为CNN的输入,并给出详细的网络结构。本文通过模拟雷达回波仿真产生训练集和测试集,并对所提网络进行训练和测试。仿真结果表明,与目前的气象目标检测方法相比,该方法具有较高的检测概率,而且在谱矩信息变化的情况下仍可维持较好的检测性能,具有很好的鲁棒性。此外,仿真结果表明CNN比传统的贝叶斯分类器和支持向量机等分类网络具有更好的分类性能。     

Chemically modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes as efficient and selective sorbent for separation and preconcentration of trace amount of Co(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), and Pd(II)

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were chemically functionalized by glutaric dihydrazide (GDH) and characterized with FT-IR technique. This new sorbent was used for enrichment and preconcentration of Co(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), and Pd(II) ions. The adsorption was achieved quantitatively on MWCNTs at pH 4.0, and then the retained metal ions on the adsorbent were eluted with 1.5 mol L^?1 HNO₃. The effects of analytical parameters including pH of the solution, eluent type, sample volume, and matrix ions were investigated for optimization of the presented procedure. The adsorption capacity of the adsorbent at optimum conditions was found to be 33.6, 29.2, 22.1, and 36.0 mg g^?1 for Co(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), and Pd(II), respectively. The LOD values of the method were 0.16, 0.19, 0.17, and 0.12 ng mL^?1 (3Sb, n = 10) for Co(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), and Pd(II), respectively. The RSDs values of the method were 0.75, 0.85, 1.16, and 1.30 ng mL^?1 for Co(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), and Pd(II), respectively. The method was applied for the determination of analytes in soil, well water, and wastewater samples with satisfactory results.     

Effect of size and shape controlled biogenic synthesis of gold nanoparticles and their mode of interactions against food borne bacterial pathogens

In this study, size and shape controlled biogenic synthesis of gold nanoparticles and their antibacterial activity against food borne bacterial pathogens were investigated. Synthesis of gold nanoparticles was carried out using two medicinally important plants Cucurbita pepo and Malva crispa and the size and shape of the nanoparticles were controlled by altering various parameters in the reaction medium. Results obtained from UV–Vis, FE-SEM, EDS and HR-TEM analyses supported the nanoparticles formation. FT-IR analysis confirmed the presence of biomolecules in the plant leaves extracts responsible for reducing and capping agents. Interestingly, the plant extract synthesized gold nanoparticles showed effective inhibition zone against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of synthesized gold nanoparticles at 400 μg/ml concentration showed effective inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. Conductivity of the medium continuously increased during the nanoparticles treatment with food borne bacterial pathogens resulting in indirect indication of the disruption of bacterial cell membranes. In addition, mode of interactions of gold nanoparticles against food borne bacterial pathogens was demonstrated using Bio-TEM analysis which is clear evident for the disruption of bacterial cell membranes.     

An efficient ultrasonic-assisted synthesis of ethyl-5-(aryl)-2-(2-alkokxy-2-oxoethylidene)-7-methyl-3-oxo-3, 5-dihydro-2H-thiazolo [3, 2-a] pyrimidine-6-carboxylate derivatives

Dihydropyrimidinone derivatives were prepared by tri-component reaction of ethyl aceto acetate, aldehydes and thiourea in the presence of modified montmorillonite nanostructure as a catalyst and used as key intermediates for the synthesis of ethyl-5-(aryl)-2-(2-alkokxy-2-oxoethylidene)-7-methyl-3-oxo-3,5-dihydro-2H-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyri midine-6-carboxylate derivatives with use of diethyl and dimethyl acetylene dicarboxylate by two methods: (a) in methanol as a solvent under ultrasonic irradiation at ambient temperature (b) in methanol as a solvent at ambient temperature (conventional magnetic stirring). Ultrasound-assisted synthesis provides excellent yields in short reaction times (15–25 min) at room temperature.     

Computer-aided molecular design of (E)-N-Aryl-2-ethene-sulfonamide analogues as microtubule targeted agents in prostate cancer

Microtubules are tube-shaped, filamentous and cytoskeletal proteins that are essential in all eukaryotic cells. Microtubule is an attractive and promising target for anticancer agents. In this study, three-dimensional quantitative structure activity relationships (3D-QSAR) including comparative molecular field analysis, CoMFA, and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis, CoMSIA, were performed on a set of 45 (E)-N-Aryl-2-ethene-sulfonamide analogues as microtubule-targeted anti-prostate cancer agents. Automated grid potential analysis, AutoGPA module in Molecular Operating Environment 2009.10 (MOE) as a new 3D-QSAR approach with the pharmacophore-based alignment was carried out on the same dataset. AutoGPA-based 3D-QSAR model yielded better prediction parameters than CoMFA and CoMSIA. Based on the contour maps generated from the models, some key features were identified in (E)-N-Aryl-2-arylethene-sulfonamide analogues that were responsible for the anti-cancer activity. Virtual screening was performed based on pharmacophore modeling and molecular docking to identify the new inhibitors from ZINC database. Seven top ranked compounds were found based on Gold score fitness function. In silico ADMET studies were performed on compounds retrieved from virtual screening in compliance with the standard ranges.     

Design,synthesis and biological evaluation of 5-(2-(4-(substituted benzo[d]isoxazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)acetyl)indolin-2-one and 5-(2-(4-substitutedpiperazin-1-yl)acetyl)indolin-2-one analogues as novel anti-tubercular agents

A series of thirty-six novel 5-(2-(4-(benzo[d]isoxazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)acetyl)indolin-2-one and 5-(2-(4-substitutedpiperazin-1-yl)acetyl)indolin-2-one analogues were synthesized, characterized and screened for their in vitro anti-tubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain. These compounds exhibited minimum inhibitory concentration between 1.56 and 50 μg/mL. Among these derivatives, compounds 10c, 10d, 10j, 10o and 10v (MIC 6.25 μg/mL) displayed moderate activity, while compounds 10e, 10l, 10q, 10w,10x, 12d, 12e and 12i (MIC 3.12 μg/mL) showed good anti-tubercular activity and compounds 10f, 10k, 10p, 10r, 12f, 12j and 12k (MIC 1.56 μg/mL) exhibited excellent anti-tubercular activity. In addition, MTT assay was accomplished on the active analogues of the series against mouse macrophage (RAW 264.7) cells to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of the newly synthesized compounds and selectivity index of the compounds was determined.     

Continuous measurements of stable isotopes of carbon dioxide and water vapour in an urban atmosphere: isotopic variations associated with meteorological conditions

Isotope ratios of carbon dioxide and water vapour in the near-surface air were continuously measured for one month in an urban area of the city of Nagoya in central Japan in September 2010 using laser spectroscopic techniques. During the passages of a typhoon and a stationary front in the observation period, remarkable changes in the isotope ratios of CO₂ and water vapour were observed. The isotope ratios of both CO₂ and water vapour decreased during the typhoon passage. The decreases can be attributed to the air coming from an industrial area and the rainout effects of the typhoon, respectively. During the passage of the stationary front, δ¹³C–CO₂ and δ¹⁸O–CO₂ increased, while δ²H–H₂Ov and δ¹⁸O–H₂Ov decreased. These changes can be attributed to the air coming from rural areas and the air surrounding the observational site changing from a subtropical air mass to a subpolar air mass during the passage of the stationary front. A clear relationship was observed between the isotopic CO₂ and water vapour and the meteorological phenomena. Therefore, isotopic information of CO₂ and H₂Ov could be used as a tracer of meteorological information.     

2012年7月发生于浙南山地的短飑线过程研究

山区强对流天气的发生条件十分复杂.选取2012年7月5日发生在浙江南部山区的一次短飑线天气过程,分析加密自动站、多普勒雷达和FY2E的TBB资料,并借助数值模拟手段,研究山地强对流天气发生发展的条件.利用自动站资料、叠加雷达和TBB资料,进行地面中尺度分析,对地面散度场特征进行了统计和分类,分析与山地强对流发生发展的关系,揭示山地强对流发生发展的前期特征.结果表明,来自东面海洋的东南气流易于在迎风坡前形成中尺度辐合区,这些低层辐合区是触发对流的有利条件.流场的辐合往往在回波单体出现前20min就已经存在.地面辐合线可造成低云的出现.中尺度山地触发了山地附近对流并沿着山地出现的辐合点和辐合线排列发展,最终形成中尺度的飑线,产生强对流天气.