多功能太阳能探测船

针对当前水面探测工作的困难性、危险性等问题。设计了以太阳能作为能量来源的远程控制探测船。该装置的有效无线控制距离1 100米左右,可远程控制其测量水深、水温并对不同深度的水取样,测量数据通过无线传输传送至主机,还可以向河水中倾倒净水物质以改善水质。另外该探测船具有远程视频拍摄功能和测距功能,为水质水文检测提供了有效解决办法。其实际操作效果良好,具有较高应用价值。     

高重复频率卫星激光测距实验研究

介绍了上海天文台开展高重复频率激光测距实验和卫星实测情况.通过研制事件模式距离门控电路,开发高实时性测距控制软件,引进高精度事件计时器,利用重复频率为1 kHz、能量2 mJ的半导体泵浦激光器,以60 cm激光测距仪为平台,成功实现了对(800～7000)km卫星的高重复频率激光测距,所获得的回波数据是常规低重复频率测距的2～3个数量级.     

利用激光脉冲飞行时间测量货车车厢体积

介绍了利用激光脉冲飞行时间测距技术测量货车车厢体积的技术方案。通过该方法,可以准确地把2~6轴货车的车厢体积从货车体积中分离出来并计算得到。通过所采用的三阶高度矩算法此算法来源于数字图像处理边缘检测中的三阶灰度矩,对于各种车轴的货车,都可以精确地去除车头和车底货架并计算出车厢体积,而且针对台阶状的6轴车,台阶点的位置和车厢体积也能准确地获得。此外,所介绍的货车截面数据翻摺拼合技术激光扫描测距仪的数量可以减少到2台。该测试方式已应用到货车厢体积测量的实际工程中,通过大量实际货车数据验证,它能很好地计算出货车厢的体积。     

激光能量主动控制高超声速进气道研究现状

以注入激光能量的方式对高超声速进气道进行主动流动控制是提高超燃冲压发动机性能的一种重要方法。回顾了国际学者针对斜激波相互作用、Edney IV型激波相互作用和来流捕获这3项内容的控制方法和结果,为国内主动控制高超声速流场的研究提供了有益参考。     

一种用于核辐射监测信号的多微处理系统

介绍了4兆伏静电正离子加速器的监测防护系统,该系统由多个微处理器与主控机分布式分布,组成高速多通道辐射信号采集控制系统,可以对多点核辐射的能量、强度、剂量率,剂量及剂量当量进行监测.系统的核电路部分采用最新的芯片产品,合理的硬件安排,优化的软件编程,在仅更换不同的探头后,便可探测分析γ,X及快中子辐射.在参数稍做调整之后,就可以广泛应用于类似条件的其他场所的辐射监测.     

Isolation and HPLC Quantitative Determination of 5α-Reductase Inhibitors from Tectona grandis L.f. Leaf Extract

Steroid 5α-reductase plays a crucial role in catalyzing the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, which is involved in many androgen-dependent disorders. Leaf-hexane extract from Tectona grandis L.f. has shown promise as a 5α-reductase inhibitor. The objectives of this current study were to isolate and identify 5α-reductase inhibitors from T. grandis leaves and to use them as the bioactive markers for standardization of the extract. Three terpenoid compounds, (+)-eperua-8,13-dien-15-oic acid (1), (+)-eperua-7,13-dien-15-oic acid (2), and lupeol (3), were isolated and evaluated for 5α-reductase inhibitory activity. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited potent 5α-reductase inhibitory activity, while 3 showed weak inhibitory activity. An HPLC method for the quantitative determination of the two potent inhibitors (1 and 2), applicable for quality control of T. grandis leaf extracts, was also developed. The ethanolic extract showed a significantly higher content of 1 and 2 than found in the hexane extract, suggesting that ethanol is a preferable extraction solvent. This study is the first reported isolation of 5α-reductase inhibitors (1 and 2) from T. grandis leaves. The extraction and quality control methods that are safe and useful for further development of T. grandis leaf extract as an active ingredient for hair loss treatment products are also reported.     

基于铰链式六面顶压机的二级6-8模超高压大腔体内置加热元件的设计与温度标定

 首次报道了一种新型的基于铰链式六面顶压机的二级6-8模大腔体静高压装置的内置加热元件的设计与温度标定。此加热组装结构简单,升温快,保温效果好,并有效地解决了国外基于两面顶压机构架下的二级6-8模内加热组装中热电偶在施加压力时易断的问题。以低成本的碳管为加热元件,采用直接和间接两种加热方式,用双铂铑（Pt6%Rh-Pt30%Rt）B型热电偶进行温度测量,并根据实验过程中加热功率与腔内实际温度的关系,对不同压力下腔体内的温度进行了标定。实验结果表明：此加热系统的油压达到40 MPa（腔体压力约10 GPa）时,温度可以达到1 700 ℃以上;在油压为30 MPa、样品室温度为1 000 ℃时,保温时间可达2 h,甚至更长;实验中获得样品的直径可达3 mm,高度可达7 mm,实现了在高温超高压条件下大样品的制备,满足了实验对产生高温超高压条件的需要。     

屯田余绪中的近世边疆社会嬗变—以1719至1949年间甘肃省金塔县水利事务为中心的研究

以公元1719至1949年间甘肃金塔县水利事务为主线,可以分析这一因屯田而兴起的边疆社会在两百余年间的演化特征。清代屯田时期,金塔县水利事务完全由政府控制,屯田结束后逐渐转向民间自行管理;但政府却出于对边疆地区民众领袖易引发社会不稳定的成见,刻意将士绅集团排斥于水利管理事务之外。民国时期随着外源性水利危机的爆发,向外部“争水”成为决定区域社会生死存亡的头等大事,政府转而支持士绅阶层积极“争水”,士绅由此控制了全县水利事务。“争水”成功的士绅阶层很快涣散并劣化,致使金塔内部水利逐渐废弛、社会矛盾重重,并非迫切的“对外争水”成为凝聚区域社会的唯一共识。从屯田到争水,金塔社会在近世大多数时间中始终为单一维度社会管制目标所牵引,并未走上繁荣、有序、富于活力的发展之路。这其中涉及政治、环境等复杂因素的交相作用,但自屯田时代所遗留的制度化要素扮演了重要角色。短时期的屯田活动,造就了长时期存在于边疆区域的“屯田社会”,其流风余绪影响至今。     

Book reviews

This work is a thorough investigation on the major operating parameters of the programmable temperature vaporisation (PTV) inlet used for gas chromatographic injection, including injection mode and volume, inlet temperature, vent and purge flow rates. The results clearly demonstrate the advantage of large volume injection in enhancing the detection of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Partial loss of injected PBDEs occurred during solvent venting and due to incomplete sample transfer. Such loss was minimised by lowering the initial inlet temperature and vent flow and elevating the final inlet temperature. The results show that 50 mL/min vent flow, as low as 0°C initial and higher than 300°C final inlet temperatures produced the relatively high responses. Two mass spectrometric parameters were also evaluated. Indoor dust, lake sediment and human placenta tissue samples were analysed to demonstrate reliability and sensitivity improvement of the PTV large volume injection.     

Inter-cell spectrum efficiency improvement technology

Improvement in inter-cell spectrum efficiency is a valuable research topic in mobile communication system, which affects cell edge user experience especially. According to current research results, there are three methods to deal with inter-cell interference to improve inter-cell spectrum efficiency, including inter-cell interference randomization, inter-cell interference cancellation and inter-cell interference coordination. This paper analyzes three important inter-cell spectrum efficiency improvement technologies, soft frequency reuse (SFR), uplink power control, and downlink coordinated multi-point transmission/reception (CoMP), and relative research progress.