Lightness Change as Perceived in Relation to the Size of Recognized Visual Space of Illumination

According to the concept of the recognized visual space of illumination (RVSI) the lightness of an object surface is perceived in relation to its conceptualized size. To prove this proposition the lightness of gray test patches was judged when they were located at various positions inside an illuminated space composed of two rooms in the depth direction from a subject. No retinal image arrangement was changed in the test patch and its immediate surroundings, but the front room had walls, floors and furniture lower in lightness by the amount of N1.5 than the back room to make the RVSI of the former smaller despite the illuminance in the entire space being the same. The results showed that the apparent lightness of the patches was perceived higher by amount of about 13 in L units for the N4 test patch and about 20 for N6 when the patches were located in the front room, in accordance with the prediction. It was stressed that the experiment of lightness judgment should be conducted in a three dimensional space rather than two dimensional plane as done by several investigators.     

基于奇异值分解的特征跟踪方法

在传统的基于模板匹配的跟踪方法中，均是给定一个模板，然后从图像中各个位置取出一个个与模板大小一致的区域进行相似性度量，找出与模板距离最小的一个区域作为当前模板，以便进行下一步的匹配跟踪工作。在景象匹配和相关跟踪过程中，由于所面临的大多数是变化的场景，实时获取的图像与预存模板之间存在比较大的差异，传统相关匹配方法的应用就会受到限制；而且在跟踪过程中，随时更新模板会造成跟踪性能对扰动过分敏感，从而产生漂移。首先拍摄目标不同角度的图像（尽可能包含目标可能出现的所有情况），构成目标图像训练集合，抽取出特征矩阵，对它进行奇异值分解，构成一个关于目标的多维空间。然后再用匹配方法在全局范围搜索，找出目标的大致位置，并利用收敛方法在确定的大致位置内进行搜索，确定目标的仿射变换系数，从而得到一个目标位置的确切描述。     

基于界面跟踪方法的汽蚀模型和算法的有效性验证

针对两相附着汽蚀流动机理,基于界面跟踪方法发展了新的汽蚀模型和算法。所发展的汽蚀模型和算法不仅考虑了液相／气相界面处的压力差,而且考虑了耦合Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes方程求解技术得到的流场压力梯度信息来迭代计算附着汽蚀形状。采用具有试验数据的半球形头部圆柱体汽蚀绕流作为算例来验证所提出的汽蚀模型和算法的有效性。采用不同的网格数和松弛因子数值验证了发展的汽蚀模型和算法的有效性。三种汽蚀数下的数值计算结果得到的压力系数分布与试验数据完全吻合。结果表明所提出的汽蚀模型和算法能够准确模拟出汽蚀发生点和汽蚀长度。     

透射式跑道能见度激光测量仪的研究

介绍了一种利用激光测量跑道水平及斜视能见度的智能化仪器。该仪器主要由光学系统、信号放大与处理系统及显示系统三部分组成。简要介绍了该仪器的基本结构、工作原理和主要技术指标，讨论了其中的技术难点及其相应的解决办法。     

公安110报警指挥系统组网设计

１１０是电话网中的匪警特服号，现代信息化社会的发展要求１１０接警响应迅速而准确，本文介绍了公安１１０报警指挥系统的组成原理，给出了该系统与公共市话网和公安专网的组网实现方法，并对工程设计中的系统可靠性问题进行了详细的讨论，该系统也可用于１１９报警等其待服业务。     

椭圆法用于阳极溶出伏安法测定微量银

用新物理量Ｖｏｐ的椭圆法对阳极溶出伏安法分析的含银离子浓度为１０＾５－１０＾－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的一系列溶液进行了研究。结果表明：光学方法与电化学方法所得分析结果相同；椭圆法可检测的浓度下限比电化学方法低一个数量级以上。而且测量的相对平均偏差也小于电化学方法。     

基于背景感知的相关滤波抗遮挡优化算法

针对相关滤波目标跟踪中由于目标遮挡、出视野引起的跟踪失败等问题,以背景感知相关滤波(background aware correlation filters, BACF)算法为基础,提出一种抗遮挡优化算法。首先特征提取部分融合方向梯度直方图(histogram of oriented gradient, HOG)特征与颜色名称(color name, CN)特征;其次提出层级遮挡优化算法,在目标跟踪过程中根据平均峰值相关能量(average peak to correlation energy,APCE)和最大响应峰值判断目标外观是否发生较大变化,并通过巴氏距离进一步计算目标相邻滤波器模板特征相似程度,以此判断造成目标外观变化的真正原因,进而决定是否更新模板;针对目标出视野问题,提出模板筛查策略,跟踪过程中每隔K帧对滤波器模板进行置信度考查,若目标丢失,则生成新的模板并对目标进行全局搜索重新抓取目标。通过在目标跟踪数据集OTB2015上测试,优化算法精确度与成功率分别为83.0%与78.8%,有效提高了算法性能。     

基于提取双选紧密特征的RGB-D显著性检测网络

针对现有算法对不同来源特征之间的交互选择关注度欠缺以及对跨模态特征提取不充分的问题,提出了一种基于提取双选紧密特征的RGB-D显著性检测网络。首先,为了筛选出能够同时增强RGB图像显著区域和深度图像显著区域的特征,引入双向选择模块(bi-directional selection module, BSM);为了解决跨模态特征提取不充分,导致算法计算冗余且精度低的问题,引入紧密提取模块(dense extraction module, DEM);最后,通过特征聚合模块(feature aggregation module, FAM)对密集特征进行级联融合,并将循环残差优化模块(recurrent residual refinement aggregation module, RAM)配合深度监督实现粗显著图的持续优化,最终得到精确的显著图。在4个广泛使用的数据集上进行的综合实验表明,本文提出的算法在4个关键指标方面优于7种现有方法。     

Real-time 3D multi-pedestrian detection and tracking using 3D LiDAR point cloud for mobile robot

Mobile robots are used in modern life; however, object recognition is still insufficient to realize robot navigation in crowded environments. Mobile robots must rapidly and accurately recognize the movements and shapes of pedestrians to navigate safely in pedestrian-rich spaces. This study proposes real-time, accurate, three-dimensional (3D) multi-pedestrian detection and tracking using a 3D light detection and ranging (LiDAR) point cloud in crowded environments. The pedestrian detection quickly segments a sparse 3D point cloud into individual pedestrians using a lightweight convolutional autoencoder and connected-component algorithm. The multi-pedestrian tracking identifies the same pedestrians considering motion and appearance cues in continuing frames. In addition, it estimates pedestrians' dynamic movements with various patterns by adaptively mixing heterogeneous motion models. We evaluate the computational speed and accuracy of each module using the KITTI dataset. We demonstrate that our integrated system, which rapidly and accurately recognizes pedestrian movement and appearance using a sparse 3D LiDAR, is applicable for robot navigation in crowded spaces.     

扩频体制低轨卫星通信信号捕获与跟踪系统设计

针对扩频体制下低轨卫星信号的捕获及跟踪等系统设计实现问题,根据卫星信号模型进行了捕获及跟踪算法设计,重点对基于快速傅里叶变换的快速捕获算法、锁频环、锁相环和码跟踪环路进行了设计,并进行了工程系统实现。试验验证表明,该系统可以实现码分多址体制低轨卫星信号捕获、跟踪处理,工作性能参数满足系统需求。