Machine learning in vehicular networking: An overview

As vehicle complexity and road congestion increase, combined with the emergence of electric vehicles, the need for intelligent transportation systems to improve on-road safety and transportation efficiency using vehicular networks has become essential. The evolution of high mobility wireless networks will provide improved support for connected vehicles through highly dynamic heterogeneous networks. Particularly, 5G deployment introduces new features and technologies that enable operators to capitalize on emerging infrastructure capabilities. Machine Learning (ML), a powerful methodology for adaptive and predictive system development, has emerged in both vehicular and conventional wireless networks. Adopting data-centric methods enables ML to address highly dynamic vehicular network issues faced by conventional solutions, such as traditional control loop design and optimization techniques. This article provides a short survey of ML applications in vehicular networks from the networking aspect. Research topics covered in this article include network control containing handover management and routing decision making, resource management, and energy efficiency in vehicular networks. The findings of this paper suggest more attention should be paid to network forming/deforming decision making. ML applications in vehicular networks should focus on researching multi-agent cooperated oriented methods and overall complexity reduction while utilizing enabling technologies, such as mobile edge computing for real-world deployment. Research datasets, simulation environment standardization, and method interpretability also require more research attention.     

新型可变分道行驶标志

为了使交通参与者实时了解到道路交通管理措施的变化情况,提高分道行驶标志的服务性和美观度,特研制设计了这种新型的可变分道行驶标志设施。本产品的开发,使得分道行驶标志可以主动发光,在夜晚等外界光线无法满足辨认需要的时候,主动发光的交通标志仍然能够清晰的显示指示内容,而且可以实时显示可变车道的交通管理措施,如：何时可以左转、直行,使驾驶员一目了然。本标志的应用将有效规范行车秩序,缓解交通拥堵,确保安全畅通。     

一种基于车载MP3播放机的倒车雷达设计

提出了一种基于车载MP3播放机-SH252的倒车雷达设计方案,并介绍了系统的软硬件设计思路。系统采用EM78P153单片机作为倒车雷达数据采集部分,采用超声波探测方式测距。在倒车时,倒车雷达会自动启动,并在EM78P153的控制下,由装置于车尾保险杠上的探头发送超声波信号,当遇到障碍物时,产生回波信号,探头接收到回波信号后经控制器进行数据处理并计算出车体与障碍物之间的实际距离,然后将数据发送到车载MP3播放机上进行距离显示和语音同步提示,为驾驶员提供报警提示,提高驾驶的安全性。     

基于改进HOG特征值的车标检测与识别方法

车标自动识别是智能交通系统中机动车辆信息采集的关键内容。根据车标具有丰富边缘信息的特征,文章应用HOG(梯度方向直方图)的特征值,采用SVM(支持向量机)的分类工具实现了车标的快速检测与识别。并提出一种改进的HOG特征值,在车标检测识别准确率上取得了显著的效果。大量实验数据以及在智能交通系统中的应用表明,该方法具有较强的鲁棒性和实用价值。     

一种基于费歇信息增量的多传感器对多目标的分配方法

在对序贯Kalman滤波在多传感器多目标跟踪中的应用情况进行分析之后,提出了一种基于费歇信息增量的多传感器对多目标的分配方法．该方法较好地解决了传感器的组合分配问题,并能对目标的跟踪精度实施控制,仿真结果证明了该方法的有效性．     

基于雷达测量的多目标联合检测、跟踪与分类方法

利用雷达测量中的目标速度、加速度等属性信息, 基于跳转马尔科夫系统模型高斯混合概率假设密度滤波算法, 提出了一种多目标联合检测、跟踪与分类方法.该方法在进行雷达多目标测量信息处理的多模型混合高斯概率假设密度滤波过程中, 对各高斯项编号, 进行航迹提取, 在滤波处理的同时形成带有航迹编号的明确航迹, 并进行航迹管理; 同时, 根据目标运动模型, 联合利用目标加速度控制输入与速度估计进行多目标分类.仿真试验验证了该方法能够在检测、跟踪的同时, 对目标航迹进行有效类型识别.     

Nonlinear Modeling Study of Aerodynamic Characteristics of an X38-like Vehicle at Strong Viscous Interaction Regions

Strong viscous interaction and multiple flow regimes exist when vehicles fly at high altitude and high Mach number conditions. The Navier–Stokes(NS) solver is no longer applicable in the above situation. Instead, the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method or Boltzmann model equation solvers are usually needed. However, they are computationally more expensive than the NS solver. Therefore, it is of great engineering value to establish the aerodynamic prediction model of vehicles at high altitude and high Mach number conditions. In this paper, the hypersonic aerodynamic characteristics of an X38-like vehicle in typical conditions from 70 km to 110 km are simulated using the unified gas kinetic scheme (UGKS), which is applicable for all flow regimes. The contributions of pressure and viscous stress on the force coefficients are analyzed. The viscous interaction parameters, Mach number, and angle of attack are used as independent variables, and the difference between the force coefficients calculated by UGKS and the Euler solver is used as a dependent variable to establish a nonlinear viscous interaction model between them in the range of 70–110 km. The evaluation of the model is completed using the correlation coefficient and the relative orthogonal distance. The conventional viscous interaction effect and rarefied effect are both taken into account in the model. The model can be used to quickly obtain the hypersonic aerodynamic characteristics of X38-like vehicle in a wide range, which is meaningful for engineering design.     

施工项目技术经济综合管理研究

本文主要分析和总结了有关施工项目管理中的人力资源管理、施工质量控制、施工进度与成本控制、合同管理以及信息技术的应用等方面存在的突出问题以及科学、有效的解决办法,可为类似项目管理或研究提供参考．从对施工项目管理研究中得出的结论对加快施工进度、降低工程成本、提高工程质量具有重要的实际意义和广泛推广的经济价值．     

银行信贷管理信息系统数据抽取的实现

给出了中国建设银行信贷管理信息系统（CMIS）中数据仓库数据抽取的实现方法：应用Informix数据库的触发器（Trigger)存储过程（Store Procedure)，在业务变动库中记录业务数据库数据的变动信息，在抽取周期中用变动数据库中的信息对数据仓库新增加的数据进行更新处理，完成数据仓库数据的更新。     

中国电信国际帐务摊分结算自动化系统

本文对中国电信国际帐务推分结算自动化系统工程的开发设计背景、总体结构及其系统组成与功能进行了详细的介绍,提供了一套完整的解决方案,对有关电信帐务推分结算统计等部门具有实际参考意义。