A Photochemistry Technique Using Ultraviolet Irradiation Followed by Gas-Liquid Chromatography to Confirm the Identity of Some Organochlorine Pesticides

Abstract

A procedure involving ultraviolet (UV) irradiation followed by gas-liquid chromatographic (GLC) detection of photodecomposition products to confirm the identity of selected organochlorine pesticides is described. The Irradiation intensity was standardized by determining the position relative to the UV source which resulted in equal GLC peak heights for the parent compound and major photo-decomposition product after 8 minutes of exposure of a solution of heptachlor epoxide in isooctane. Chromatograms showing photo-decomposition patterns for 33 compounds are presented. Observations and comments on the applicability of this technique to organo-chlorine pesticide residue confirmation are reported.     

Spectral tuning of InGaAs/GaAs quantum dot infrared photodetectors with bandpass guided‐mode resonance filters

Quantum dot infrared photodetectors can be coupled with micro‐structured filters to create narrowband sensors. Guided‐mode resonance filters based on a high‐index dielectric slab can exhibit bandpass characteristics that are suitable for monolithic integration with focal‐plane arrays. Here, patterned Ge filters were integrated with InGaAs/GaAs quantum dot detectors to linearly tune their 77 K photoresponse peaks from 5.6 µm to 6.2 µm. The dark current was not influenced by these filters but the ability to narrow the photoresponse linewidth was limited by substrate scattering, which is often encountered with front‐side illumination architectures. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Determination of the Onset of Asphaltene Precipitation by Visible Ultraviolet Spectrometry and Spectrofluorimetry

Abstract

Asphaltene deposition is a problem for the petroleum industry, affecting the production, transport, and storage of crude oil. The aim of this work is to develop and compare different methods to determine asphaltene precipitation. Two asphaltene fractions, one extracted from a Brazilian crude oil sample and the other from petroleum distillation residue, were evaluated by using model systems constituted of toluene/n-heptane in different compositions, using visible ultraviolet spectrometry and spectrofluorimetry. The results of the precipitation tests carried out by these two methods agreed, indicating they are effective to analyze asphaltene deposition and the performance of chemicals as asphaltene stabilizers.     

Hyperdoping of Si by ion implantation and pulsed laser melting

Ion implantation followed by pulsed laser melting is an extensively-studied method for hyperdoping Si with impurity concentrations that exceed the equilibrium solubility limit by orders of magnitude. In the last decade, hyperdoped Si has attracted renewed interest for its potential as an intermediate band material. In this review, we first examine the important experimental results on both solid and liquid phase crystal regrowth from early laser annealing studies. The highly non-equilibrium regrowth kinetics following pulsed laser melting and its implications for dopant incorporation processes are discussed. We then review recent work in hyperdoped Si for enhanced sub-band gap photoresponse and give a brief discussion on photodetector device performance.     

Slow-rise and fast-drop current feature of ultraviolet response spectra for ZnO-nanowire film modulated by water molecules

This study describes the fabrication of ZnO-nanowire films by electro-chemical anodization of Zn foil.The ZnO films are characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction patterns,and transmission electron microscopy,respectively.The ultraviolet(UV) photo-response properties of the surface-contacted ZnO film are studied through the current evolution processes under different relative humidities.Unlike the usually observed current spectra of the ZnO films,the drop time is shorter than the rise time.The photo-conductivity gain G and the response time τ are both increased with the increase of the applied bias.The photo-conductivity gain G is lowered with the increase of the environmental humidity,while the response time τ is increased.These results can be explained by considering three different surface processes:1) the electron-hole(e-p) pair generation by the UV light illumination,2) the following surface O2-species desorption,and 3) the photo-catalytic hydrolysis of water molecules adsorbed on the ZnO surface.The slow-rise and fast-drop current feature is suggested to originate from the sponge-like structure of the ZnO nanowires.     

刑侦日盲紫外折衍混合变焦光学系统设计

为了满足刑侦过程中紫外光学系统远距离搜索、近距离拍照的需求,采用二元衍射元件和非球面元件,设计了一种日盲紫外机械补偿变焦光学系统,其中焦距为40mm~80mm,F数为4,工作波段为0.24μm~ 0.28μm。选用S8844-0909型2.54cm紫外CCD,像元尺寸为24μm×24μm,对应视场角为6°~12°。系统由7块透镜组成,结构简单、体积小巧。结果表明,在整个变焦范围内,后截距10mm处,截止空间频率21cycles/mm时,各视场的光学调制传递函数均在0.7以上,接近衍射受限曲线,畸变小于5%,像质优良,像面稳定。该设计能满足光学系统的总体设计要求。     

ICPCVD-SiN_x对GaN/AlGaN基紫外探测器的钝化效果的研究

采用ICPCVD-SiNx薄膜对GaN/A1GaN基紫外探测器进行钝化,从薄膜绝缘特性、钝化效果两方面,对ICPCVD-SiNx、磁控溅射-SiOx、PECVD-SiOx和PECVD-SiNx四种钝化膜进行对比.制作了钝化膜/GaN MIS器件,通过测试MIS器件漏电流密度和薄膜击穿电场的大小表征薄膜绝缘性能,结果表明ICPCVD-SiNx对应的MIS器件的漏电特性最好,外加偏压为100 V时,其漏电流密度保持在1×10-7 A/cm2以下,薄膜击穿电场大于3.3 MV/cm.采用不同钝化方法制作了p-i-n型AlGaN基紫外探测器,通过计算钝化前后器件暗电流的变化,表征不同钝化方法的钝化效果.结果表明ICPCVD-SiNx钝化的器件,其暗电流比其他钝化方法的器件小近两个数量级,在-5V偏压下暗电流密度为7.52 A/cm2.     

KSrPO_4:Eu~(3+)红色发光材料的制备及性能研究

采用高温固相合成工艺制备了KSrPO4:x Eu3+红色发光材料,通过X射线衍射、荧光光谱、量子效率仪、封装对发光材料的晶体结构及发光特性进行了研究。XRD表明KSrPO4晶体结构并没有随着Eu3+的掺入而发生变化;荧光光谱表明KSrPO4:Eu3+在394 nm处存在最强激发峰,发射光谱最强发射峰为612nm;量子效率研究表明随着Eu3+掺杂量的增加,量子效率先增后降,在Eu3+掺杂量x=0.04时,量子效率存在最大值51%;封装光源的显色指数为83,色温3497 K,并且随着电流的变化色坐标(X,Y)基本保持不变,因此,KSrPO4:Eu3+红色发光材料作为近紫外激发的红色发光材料具有一定的潜力。     

基于不同散射相函数的紫外光传输特性研究

为了研究三种不同散射相函数下紫外光大气传输特性,文章采用非直视紫外光通信的单次散射简化模型,对系统接收机接收到的能量及紫外光传输路径损耗随传输距离和散射角的变化情况进行分析.结果表明:三种相函数下,都表现为随传输距离的增大,接收能量减小,路径损耗增大,但三者之间存在一定的差异,对于紫外光通信系统,其传输性能的影响以前向散射为主,后向散射作用很小;随着散射角增大,后向散射作用相对明显;三种散射相函数下,紫外光通信链路的最佳散射角不同,但均随发射仰角的增大或接收仰角的增大最佳散射角增大,而接收能量减小.     

极紫外相机电控单元的设计与实现

为了实现对极紫外相机控制及管理功能,设计并实现了一种基于FPGA的电控单元。该系统以FPGA为核心,经过RS-422接口与信号处理子系统进行通讯,通过LVDS接口接收信号处理子系统发送的科学数据,与CPU之间通过数据总线进行通讯。为了提高电控单元的可靠性,在设计过程中采用了抗辐照设计和交叉备份的冗余设计。通过极紫外相机电控单元的测试和试验验证表明:极紫外相机电控单元的功能和性能满足指标要求,为极紫外相机在轨取得圆满成功的结果起到了重要作用。