One-pot synthesis of dihydropyrimidines via eco-friendly phosphorus derivatives catalysis

A straightforward, cost effective and eco-friendly protocol for the Biginelli reaction relying on the use of readily available hypophosphorous acid is presented. The methodology developed displays improvements compared to existing methods, is high-yielding, robust and was applied to a panel of dihydropyrimidines and thio-derivatives with various substituents. Related urea derivatives such as guanidines, benzimidazoles and benzothiazoles also reacted efficiently to afford more complex scaffolds. Thus, this rapid and convenient catalysis allows access to a wide diversity of structures including original biologically relevant heterocycles.     

Avoiding Pitfalls in Comparison of Activity and Selectivity of Solid Catalysts for Electrochemical HMF Oxidation

Electrocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) offers a renewable approach to produce the value-added platform chemical 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). The key for the economic viability of this approach is to develop active and selective electrocatalysts. Nevertheless, a reliable catalyst evaluation protocol is still missing, leading to elusive conclusions on criteria for a high-performing catalyst. Herein, we demonstrate that besides the catalyst identity, secondary parameters such as materials of conductive substrates for the working electrode, concentration of the supporting electrolyte, and electrolyzer configurations have profound impact on the catalyst performance and thus need to be optimized before assessing the true activity of a catalyst. Moreover, we highlight the importance of those secondary parameters in suppressing side reactions, which has long been overlooked. The protocol is validated by evaluating the performance of free-standing Cu-foam, and CuCoO modified with NaPO₂H₂ and Ni, which were immobilized on boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes. Recommended practices and figure of merits in carefully evaluating the catalyst performance are proposed.     

一种组播源发现协议MSDP的实现方案

在分析MSDP协议工作机制的基础上,给出了一种协议的实现方案。该方案将协议分为peer连接模块、报文处理模块、定时器模块以及外部接口模块并加以实现,适合在核心路由器中采用来支持域间组播功能。     

数字移动通信系统中认证协议的设计与分析

该文针对数字移动通信系统的背景和需求, 基于公钥密码体制设计了一个端端密钥分发协议,基于对称密码体制设计了一个身份认证协议,并利用Spi演算对身份认证协议进行了分析,证明了其安全性。     

降低IPTV频道切换时间的方式研究

从分析IPTV频道切换时间的制约因素出发,研究了IPTV的网络结构和使用协议,并提出了通过对接入网结构的改造:WDM-PON混合组网方式,IGMP协议的修改,以及相邻组播组加入/离开方式,达到对IPTV频道切换时间的改进.     

链路连通性验证在链路管理协议中的研究

首先对链路管理协议中链路连通性验证功能进行了系统地分析,详细描述了其实现过程,然后对比性地讨论了链路连通性验证在SDH/SONET和DWDM网络中的修正和扩展.     

基于精确时间协议的HL-2M装置定时同步网络研究

基于HL-2M装置对时序精度的要求,参考ITER的设计方案,设计了基于精确时间协议(PTP)的HL-2M分布式时间通讯网络,使HL-2M装置的时钟同步和事件触发的精度从微秒级提高到亚微秒级,最终优于100ns.     

MANET路由协议的最新发展

由于移动Ad hoc网络(MANET)自身的特殊性,其路由协议的设计与传统固定网络有很大不同。本文在MANET路由协议的设计原则的基础上,分析了几种典型的MANET路由协议的特点,并对MANET路由协议未来的发展方向作出了展望。     

基于TMS320C5402的IP语音通信系统的设计

介绍了基于DSP技术的IP语音通信系统的设计。详细论述了系统结构以及音频接口模块、网络接口模块的设计方法。针对软件结构,给出了G.729语音编码以及UDP传输协议的选择与在TMS320C5402上的实现。     

基于固定电话网的中文短信息终端开发

研究了基于固定电话网（PSTN）的采用中文信息终端服务接口通信协议（CTSI）的短消息终（CPE）的软硬件开发。介绍了短信编辑接收系统与信息终端之间数据交换的协议,并以电子订货系统中发送订单为例,描述了信息终端与CTSI服务器之间链路建立、信息交互的整个过程。