Amorphous High-Entropy Hydroxides of Tunable Wide Solar Absorption for Solar Water Evaporation

The high-entropy materials have raised much attention in recent years due to their extraordinary performances in mechanical, catalysis, energy storage fields. Herein, a new type of high-entropy hydroxides (e.g., NiFeCoMnAl(OH)_x) that are amorphous and capable of broad solar absorption is reported. A facile one-pot co-precipitation method is employed to synthesize these amorphous high-entropy hydroxides (a-HEHOs) under ambient conditions. The a-HEHOs thus obtained display widely tunable bandgap (e.g., from 2.6 to 1.1 eV) due to their high-entropy and amorphous characteristics, enabling efficient light absorbance and photothermal conversion in the solar regime. Further solar water evaporation measurements show that the a-HEHOs delivered a considerable energy conversion efficiency of 55%, comparable to black titanium oxides that are synthesized using more complex and expensive methods.     

Recent progress in high efficiency polymer solar cells by rational design and energy level tuning of low bandgap copolymers with various electron-withdrawing units

AbstractThis review collects recent five-year publications on low bandgap semiconducting polymers, which are composed of electron donor (D) and electron acceptor (A) units, exhibiting the power conversion efficiency (PCE) higher than 6%. When the photovoltaic performances of different types of D−A semiconducting copolymers are compared after the copolymers are classified into several categories according to the type of A-units, it is realized that diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based copolymers exhibit high J_SCs owing to low bandgaps and low V_OCs due to high-lying HOMO levels, while thienopyrroledione (TPD)-based copolymers exhibit high V_OCs due to their deep HOMO levels and low J_SCs because of wide bandgaps. Benzothiadiazole- and thienothiophene-based copolymers show intermediate values of V_OC and J_SC between DPP- and TPD-based ones. For further enhancement of photovoltaic performance, DPP-based copolymers may be designed to have deeper HOMO level with the minimum widening of bandgap while TPD-based polymers may be designed to have lower bandgap with the minimum rise of HOMO level. Hence, the energy level tuning must be considered so as to minimize the adverse effect.     

A picosecond widely tunable deep-ultraviolet laser for angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

We develop a picosecond widely tunable laser in a deep-ultraviolet region from 175 nm to 210 nm,generated by two stages of frequency doubling of a 80-MHz mode-locked picosecond Ti:sapphire laser.A β-BaB2O4 walk-off compensation configuration and a KBe2BO3F2 prism-coupled device are adopted for the generation of second harmonic and fourth harmonics,respectively.The highest power is 3.72 mW at 193 nm,and the fluctuation at 2.85 mW in 130 min is less than ±2%.     

级联光栅结合Sagnac环的可调谐光纤激光器

提出并验证了一种单-双波长可调谐掺铒光纤激光器。利用级联光纤布拉格光栅(Cascaded Fiber Bragg gratings,Cascaded FBGs)结合Sagnac环结构所产生的复合滤波效应,实现较高精细度滤波,并通过调节环内偏振控制器(Polarization Controller,PC),引入双折射效应,得到波长可调谐的光纤激光器。基于耦合模理论并使用传输矩阵法对该结构的传输特性进行了分析,在此基础上搭建实验系统,验证了理论分析的正确性。实验结果表明:通过调节PC,激光器输出激光的波长范围约为1 555.644～1 556.112 nm,双波长间隔的可调范围约为0.108～0.452 nm,单-双波长的边模抑制比(SMSR)均高于40 dB;在稳定性测试中,输出单-双波长激光的波长最大漂移量小于0.008 nm。该方法具有结构简单、调谐方便、易于实现且精细度较高的优点,可应用于密集波分复用及全光通信系统等领域。     

非晶CS/RB纳米薄膜的荧光性质

采用低真空物理气相沉积法制备单组份氰基对称二苯代乙烯(CS)纳米薄膜和罗丹明B(RB)纳米薄膜以及CS/RB叠层纳米薄膜。使用荧光分光光度计、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征薄膜样品的荧光性质、结构和表面形貌。与粉末晶态样品相比,薄膜样品的荧光发射峰数量变多,发射波长范围拓宽到120 nm。有机小分子的非晶聚集态和纳米叠层结构的的纳米效应导致了样品的荧光性质的变化。     

A novel design using meshed-planar fan-electromagnetic bandgap (MP-FEBG) structure for ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna

A concept to combine the plane fan antenna with the meshed-planar electromagnetic bandgap (MP-EBG) structure is proposed; and then, based on the theory, a novel ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with double-deck meshed-planar fan-electromagnetic bandgap (MP-FEBG) is designed. The structure of the sector is beneficial to the increase of the antenna bandwidth. The double layer structure can greatly reduce the size of the antenna, and the aperture structure can easily adjust antenna's performance. The antenna is compact in size, suitable for UWB applications. An antenna model was established on the substrate of FR4 and at least 79.1% dimension of the antenna was reduced by the traditional UWB antenna in the related documents. The simulation results show that the antenna can achieve a wide bandwidth from 3.20 to 15.78 GHz with return loss less than −10 dB and exhibit stable antenna gain. Furthermore, the measurement result is in better consistence with the simulation result.     

一种高温度性能的带隙基准源

基于OKI 0.5μm BiCMOS工艺,设计了一种低温漂的带隙基准电压源。对传统基准源的电压模式输出级进行了改进,使之形成同时包含电压模式和电流模式的混合模式输出级,提高了温度补偿的灵活性。同时设计了一种基于分段线性补偿技术的高精度曲率校正电路,精确地对基准电压的高阶温度分量进行修调。 HSPICE仿真结果表明,在5 V的电源电压下,基准输出电压为1.2156 V,在-40℃~125℃温度范围内,基准电压的温度系数为0.43×10-6/℃,低频时电路电源抑制比低于-83 dB。电源电压在3.8 V~10 V范围内变化时,基准源的线性调整率为9.2μV/V。     

基于银纳米颗粒的HCPCFSERS传感系统优化设计

银纳米颗粒与光子晶体光纤、表面增强拉曼散射效应结合而成的PCF SERS传感器得到了科研界的广泛关注.而PCF结构、SERS基底的性能是传感器的重要影响因素.为了进一步提高SERS PCF传感器的性能,通过研究对比PCF和SERS基底结构参数对传感性能的影响,设计出适用于PCF SERS传感的空芯PCF以及SERS基底的结构参数.通过数值计算,设计的空芯PCF空气填充率为56.30%,当激发光波长785 nm时存在光子带隙,并能够实现单模传输.而半径为38 nm的银纳米球在间距为0.7 nm时能够产生最大的SERS增强因子.研究证明,设计的空芯PCF在785 nm输入波长下既能够基模传输激发光,又能够为SERS提供理想的活性面积,而且银纳米颗粒的形状、尺寸、间距对SERS性能影响严重,而且与入射波长有很强的依赖关系.     

一种可连续调谐空间光学衰减器的研究

可调谐空间光学衰减器在各类光电系统中具有广泛的应用前景。基于法布里-珀罗多光束干涉原理,创新性地设计了一种适用于相干光束的可调谐空间光学衰减器,该衰减器选取在红外波段具有较高折射率的硒化锌晶体作为材料,结合温度控制系统,实现光功率的调谐。采用Nd:YAG激光器作为光源,对该衰减器的性能进行测量,其调谐范围可以达到3 dB。理论分析表明,相对于热膨胀系数,硒化锌材料的热光系数是决定衰减器性能的关键参量。此外,通过在硒化锌光学平板前后表面镀高反膜,可进一步提高调谐范围。