有线电视地下管道工程塑料管材的选型和应用

分析有线电视地下管道工程用塑料管材的特点和性能，对塑料管材的选型和应用进行讨论，认为应根据施工工艺要求、塑料管主要性能要求及塑料管质量等方面来选用塑料管材，以达到保证工程质量和节约建设成本的目的。     

Thermal decomposition of CH3I revisited: Consistent calibration of I-atom concentrations behind shock waves with dual I-/H-ARAS

Iodinated hydrocarbons are often used as precursors for hydrocarbon radicals in shock-tube experiments. The radicals are produced by C─I bond fission reaction, and their formation can be followed through time-resolved monitoring of the complementary I-atom concentrations, for example, by I-atom resonance absorption spectroscopy (I-ARAS). This very sensitive technique requires, however, an independent calibration. As a very clean source of I atoms, CH₃I is particularly well suited as calibration system for I-ARAS presumed the yield of I atoms and the rate coefficient of I-atom formation from CH₃I are known with sufficient accuracy. But if the formation of I atoms from CH₃I by I-ARAS is to be characterized, an independent calibration system is required. In this study, we propose a cross-calibration approach for I-ARAS based on the simultaneous time-resolved monitoring of I and H atoms by ARAS in C₂H₅I pyrolysis experiments. For this reaction system, it can be shown that at sufficiently short reaction times very similar amounts of I and H atoms are formed (difference <1%). As calibration of H-ARAS, with mixtures of N₂O and H₂, is a well-established technique, we calibrated I-atom absorption–time profiles with respect to simultaneously recorded H-atom concentration–time profiles. Using this approach, we investigated the thermal decomposition of CH₃I in the temperature range 950–2050 K behind reflected shock waves at two different nominal pressures (p ∼ 0.4 and 1.6 bar, bath gas: Ar). From the obtained absolute I-atom concentration–time profiles at temperatures T < 1250 K, we inferred a second-order rate coefficient k(T) = (1.7 ± 0.7) × 10¹⁵ exp(–20020 K/T) cm³ mol^–1 s^–1 for the reaction CH₃I + Ar → CH₃ + I + Ar. A small mechanism to describe the pyrolysis of CH₃I under shock-tube conditions is presented and discussed.     

Crashworthiness analysis and optimization of fourier varying section tubes

Thin-walled structures are widely used as energy absorption devices for their proven advantages on lightweight and crashworthiness. However, a majority of studies have being focus on exploring separately the crashworthiness of the thin-walled structure with a specific geometric section, such as circular, square, hexagon, octagon etc., and little research has investigated the relationship of crashworthiness among thin-walled structures with different sections systematically. This paper utilizes Fourier series expansion to generate a series of novel sectional configurations, namely Fourier varying sectional tubes (FVSTs), to look into their advantages of crashworthiness, thereby developing some FVSTs with highest possible energy absorption capacity. Based on the validated finite element (FE) models, parametric analysis is conducted to investigate the effects of cross-sectional configuration, perimeter and thickness of FVSTs on collapse mode and energy absorption. The results showed that the collapse modes of FVSTs are fairly sensitive to cross-sectional configuration, perimeter and wall thickness. Of these FVSTs generated, the highest specific energy absorption (SEA) increases 77.54% by increasing perimeter and 69.73% by decreasing wall thickness. Finally, a discrete optimization based on the orthogonal arrays is conducted to obtain the optimal FVST for maximizing SEA under the constraint of the initial peak crushing force (IPCF). The optimized FVSTs are of superior crashworthiness and great potential as an energy absorber.     

纳米焦点X射线管和纳米CT检澳集成电路封装中的微型互联

IC封装中嵌入的微型电路连接可以通过纳米焦点X光光管技术和纳米焦点CT来检测：包括铜或金焊线、堆叠芯片、倒装焊接、微穿孔连接的封装形式。生动地描述了2维3维X射线影像技术,并且呈现了亚微米分辨率的各种分析结果和缺陷案例。     

Fracture Behavior of Covalently Re-Modified MWNT/Epoxy Nanocomposites

Summary: In this work, a surface re-modified multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) was prepared by the chemical attachment of oligomeric unsaturated polyester on the MWNT surface. The re-modified MWNT was incorporated in two concentrations of 0.35 and 0.70 Wt.% into epoxy resin in order to investigate its effect on morphology and mechanical behavior of the MWNT/epoxy nanocomposite. The transmission electron microscopy showed that the re-modification of MWNT surface improves its dispersion state in the epoxy matrix. The tensile measurements for the nanocomposite having different amounts of surface re-modified/not-modified MWNT showed that the fracture mechanism changed from brittle to tough beyond a certain amount of surface re-modified MWNT. The scanning electron microscopy findings on the fracture surface morphology of the resulted nanocomposite substantiated the observed phenomena.     

复杂流动的LBGK模拟

ＬＢＧＫ方法在保留了格子气模型的一些优点的同时，克服了格子气模型的不足之处．应用ＬＢＧＫ方法，可以对更复杂的流体进行模拟．本文讨论了一种九点ＬＢＧＫ模型，并用Ｃｈａｐｍａｎ－Ｅｎｓｋｏｇ展开方法和多尺度技术证明其在二阶精度上表现为标准的Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程．用该模型对圆柱绕流和管排流动进行模拟的结果显示，该模型能较好地模拟复杂流动现象，并具有一定工程应用背景．     

考虑脉冲高度分布（PHD）的光电倍增管光子探测模型

光电倍增管（Photomultiplier Tubes,PMT）具有光子级别的灵敏度,而且没有物理意义上的死区时间,在光子计数雷达应用中有独有的优势,但PMT响应单光子输出脉冲高度呈高斯随机分布,且不同脉冲之间还有可能产生堆叠,传统的单光子模型不能准确描述PMT的光子探测过程。针对PMT输出脉冲高度随机分布,脉冲堆叠现象和光子事件鉴别阈值的设置对光子事件探测概率的影响提出了一个新的PMT光子探测模型,并根据实际应用场景进行了简化,通过蒙特卡洛仿真验证了简化模型的适用性。搭建了光子计数雷达系统,通过和盖革模式APD进行实验对比,发现PMT光子探测模型虽然有略微的探测概率损失,但在测距应用中具有更小行走误差和更高测距精确度。实验也证明了新模型相比于传统单光子探测模型更符合PMT的光子事件探测概率分布,新模型对基于PMT光子计数雷达的系统设计和理论分析具有重要的指导意义。     

Production and crosslinking of multi-layer tubes (PE & metal) by E-beam

Irradiation crosslinking of PE-tubes has been used for heating floors for about 25 years. Such tubes are also used today for drinking water supply. A further development has been the coating of such tubes with Ethylene-Vinyl-Alcohol-Copolymers (EVAL), in order to prevent oxygen diffusion into the water through the PE tube. For about 15 years composite tubes made of PE and aluminum have been available. These tubes are crosslinked with electron beams. The energy of the accelerated electrons must be adjusted for the particular tube configuration, so that the inner PE-layer will be crosslinked. This paper will concern itself with the manufacture and the crosslinking of composite tubes.     

New applications of 10 MeV electrons for reeled goods

Because of their high penetration capability, electron beams produced by 10 MeV machines are increasingly used for the sterilization processing of medical devices. Worldwide there are already more than 20 such machines in action for this purpose. But compared with electron beam sterilization, the physical crosslinking of plastic products with 10 MeV has not been as much investigated as in the range of low and medium energy. So the products with high wall thickness or big dimensions are still chemically crosslinked as the penetration and power of the beam of existing accelerators was not sufficient for those products. But now radiation crosslinking is possible also for higher dimensions of reeled goods due to higher beam power up to 150 kW, and one machine with different handling systems can be used for sterilization and modification of plastic products.

The aim of our work is to examine the homogeneous crosslinking of industrial products by a 10 MeV/150 kW electron beam as for instance for XLPE-c pipes and heat shrinkable tubes. Furthermore the uniformity of crosslinking especially along the roundness is measured, which is one of the essential quality characteristics.     

电真空器件预防性维修间隔期的确定方法

以可靠性为中心的维修思想极大地提高了装备维修的科学性。基于电真空器件的失效规律，从可靠性、安全性、经济性方面研究了电真空器件预防性维修间隔期的定量分析方法，结合算例论证了分析模型的有效性。