Improved accuracy of quantitative XPS analysis using predetermined spectrometer transmission functions with UNIFIT 2004

The accuracy of quantitative XPS analysis can be improved using predetermined transmission functions. Two different calibration methods are used for estimating the transmission function T(E) of a photoelectron spectrometer, applying a survey spectra approach (SSA) and a quantified peak‐area approach (QPA) to minimize the quantification error. For the SSA method, Au, Ag and Cu spectra measured with the Metrology Spectrometer II have been used. The new QPA method was built up from Au 4f, Au 4d, Au 4p_3/2, Ag 3d, Ag 3p_3/2, Cu 3p, Cu 2p_3/2, Ge 3p and Ge 2p_3/2 standard peak areas, applying adequate ionization cross‐sections and mean free path lengths for different pass energies (10 and 50 eV), lens modes (large area, large area XL, small area 150) and x‐ray sources (Al/Mg Twin and Al Mono). In the energy range 200–1500 eV a transmission function T(E) = a₀ + b₁E (where a₀, b₁ and b₂ are variable parameters) was found to give an appropriate approximation for eight tested spectrometer settings, implementing the largest changes in the case of pass energy variations. Determination and application of the transmission functions were integrated in the XPS analysis software (UNIFIT 2004) and tested by means of an Ni90Cr10 alloy. The results demonstrate the practicability of the SSA and QPA methods, giving decreased errors of <8% in comparison with errors up to 38% obtained using Wagner's sensitivity factors. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

New generalized computations of quasi-planar waveguides characteristics

An efficient hybrid field solution to the general multilayer substrates transmission line problems with full shielded and half open cross-sectional geometry is presented by using the waveguide modes coupling and decoupling procedure in the spectral domain. Modal transverse transmission lines corresponding to the LSE and LSM modes are taken into account so that the Green's elements for the edge conditions can be derived by a simple iterative method. In this paper, we analyze not only the propagation constants and characteristic impedances but also the available transmission power capacity and power distribution of most commonly used structures. Normalized eigenmode power levels characterizing the propagation features are computed.     

Phosphorescence lifetime of naphthalene and phenanthrene in aggregated aromatic molecule-β-cyclodextrin-precipitant complexes

Aggregated aromatic molecule--cyclodextrin-precipitant complexes exhibit long-lived phosphorescence at room temperature in water after the chemical binding of oxygen. The temperature dependences of the phosphorescence lifetimes of naphthalene-h₈, naphthalene-de, and phenanthrene in the aggregates were measured. For example, the phosphorescence lifetimes of naphthalene-d₈ aggregated with -cyclodextrin and cyclohexane are equal to 25.1, 17.6, and 6.8 s at 77, 276, and 347 K, respectively, and that of phenanthrene aggregated with isooctane and -cyclodextrin are 3.24, 3.06, and 1.26 s at 268, 274, and 335 K, respectively. The temperature dependences of the phosphorescence lifetimes at room temperature are determined by the rate constants of the radiative and nonradiative transitions from the triplet state of an aromatic molecule.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 2225–2228, September, 1996.     

具可调光学性质的富勒烯聚合物

聚（Ｃ６０ 甲基丙烯酸甲酯）与聚（Ｃ６０ 苯乙烯）的ＴＨＦ溶液的透射光谱随浓度的增大而不断红移．这种异常的光谱位移可能与富勒烯的纳级（１０－９）簇的形成有关．用简单的办法来“调改”一物质的性质是科学家们长期梦寐以求的，而含Ｃ６０的聚合物正代表了这一群新奇的物质，它们的光学性质可以预期地和可逆地调变，只要简单改变一下浓度．     

PREPARATION OF POLY（METHYL METHACRYLATE）/LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES NANOCOMPOSITES via in situ SOLUTION POLYMERIZATION

An exfoliated layered double hydroxides/poly(methyl methacrylate)(LDHs/PMMA)nanocomposite was prepared by in situ solution polymerization of methyl methacrylate(MMA)in the presence of 4-vinylbenzenesulfonate intercalated LDHs(MgAl-VBS LDHs).MgAl-VBS LDHs was prepared by the ion exchange method,and the structure and composition of the MgA1-VBS LDHs were determined by X-ray diffraction(XRD),infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis.XRD and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)were employed to examine the structure of LDHs/PMMA nanocomposite.It was indicated that the LDHs layers were well exfoliated and dispersed in the PMMA matrix.The grafting of PMMA onto LDHs was confirmed by the extraction result and the weight fraction of grafted PMMA increased as the weight fraction of LDHs in the nanocomposites increased.     

一步室温固相化学反应合成纳米氨基酸杂多电荷转移配合物(HPhe)3PMo12O40·2H2O

以Keggin结构的钼磷酸(H3PMo12O40·13H2O)与苯丙氨酸(Phe)为原料,利用一步固相化学反应于室温合成了纳米氨基酸杂多电荷转移配合物(HPhe)3PMo12O40·2H2O,采用元素分析,IR,XRD,TEM,UV和循环伏安法等手段对其进行了结构表征及性质研究.结果表明,标题化合物纳米粒子为均匀的球状,粒径约为30～40nm.该化合物中杂多阴离子部分仍保持Keggin结构,但在钼磷酸与苯丙氨酸之间发生了显著的电荷转移.     

电子显微技术应用于生物纳米材料表征与测试的研究进展

该文简述了电子显微技术的发展历程,并介绍了现代电子显微镜的新功能。针对生物纳米材料理化性能与功能应用的特殊性,结合研究实例,重点阐述运用电子显微结构表征与原位分析测试技术指导构建新颖纳米结构、揭示材料与细胞/组织相互作用并发挥功能的机制。并在此基础上,展望了电子显微技术在生物纳米材料研究领域的发展方向(大尺寸图像拼接、三维重构、动态原位实时成像)。     

加氢脱氮催化剂中硫化钼结构的表征

众所周知,重油加氢脱氮(HDN)所用Mo-Ni/Al2O3催化剂需经预硫化后始有显著的活性,关于硫化的条件工业上已较成熟,但在持续反应过程中硫化催化剂的结构与活性间的关系则很复杂,如硫化钼的价态和结构、金属组分和担体间的相互作用、反应条件及原料对催化剂组分的影响,以及硫化态催化剂中MoS2结晶的形貌等都可以引起催化剂活性本质的变化.     

铌酸锂单晶光纤包层研究

通过镁离子内扩散铌酸锂单晶光纤，以改变晶纤表层的折射率，首次在国内实现了沿不同轴向生长、不同掺杂的铌酸锂单晶光纤的芯－包层波导结构。通过匹配扩散温度、扩散时间、ＭｇＯ膜厚等扩散参数及选择合适的晶纤直径，实现了晶纤具有阶跃和抛物折射率分布的包层，并对包层晶纤的模式特性进行了观察，得到低次模传输。