近红外漫反射光谱信息分解的数量分析

近红外漫反射光谱分析中,一直认为近红外光可获取样品内部的物质信息,但近红外漫反射光谱包含样品内部信息量究竟是多少,一直未给出准确的数量描述。该研究以烤烟样品为实验材料设计样品,每个实验样品分别由表层片状烤烟与内部烤烟粉末两部分组合而成,测定样品近红外漫反射光谱,提取光谱主成分信息(principal component, PC),将所提取的各主成分的不同组合作为统计指标,对样品进行聚类分析,结合各主成分方差贡献率,初步给出了样品不同深度光谱信息分解量的描述。实验结果表明,近红外漫反射光谱第1和第2主成分包含的信息量约占总信息的98%,反映样品表层信息;第3和第4主成分约占1.5%,表征样品内部信息。这一结果将有助于我们对近红外光谱定性定量分析时主成分信息的选择有一个更深刻的理解。     

Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric method for the simultaneous determination of tobacco-specific nitrosamine NNK and its five metabolites

A sensitive and robust high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry method to analyze 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and its five metabolites in one passage was developed and validated. The method achieved excellent reproducibility and accuracy. Linearity was observed for all six compounds (R² = 0.999) with detection limits (S/N ≥ 3) ranging from 0.2 to 2.4 pg on column and 0.01-0.12 ng ml⁻¹ in samples injected. Average intra-day and inter-day variations (% R.S.D.) were 1.2 and 3.5%, respectively. A sample preparation method involving C8 and C18 solid phase extraction provided satisfactory recovery of the analytes in mouse urine. Each NNK metabolite was identified by its chromatographic retention time and specific fragmentation pattern. Since the carcinogenicity of NNK is related to its metabolism, the method described in this report should facilitate toxicological investigations into the carcinogenesis due to NNK exposure in the environment.     

固相微萃取气质联用技术对卷烟烟丝和卷烟烟气总粒相物中挥发性和半挥发性成分的研究

采用固相微萃取－气相色谱－质谱（SPME－GC－MS）法对成品卷烟烟丝和卷烟烟气总粒相物中挥发性和半挥发性成分进行了分析鉴定，并对鉴定出的70种成分和96种成分进行了比较。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定烟草样品中10种多酚

研究了用固相萃取预分离,高效液相色谱法测定烟草样品中的10种植物多酚。烟草样品中的多酚提取液用SepParkC18固相萃取小柱预分离脱脂,以WatersNovaPakC18(3.9mm×150mm,5μm)色谱柱为固定相,0.05mol/L磷酸二氢钾缓冲溶液和甲醇梯度洗脱为流动相,烟草中主要的植物多酚均达到基线分离;用紫外二级管矩阵检测器检测,得出各组分在其最大吸收波长下的色谱图,根据该色谱图的峰面积定量,并用紫外光谱图对烟草中主要多酚进行辅助定性。标准回收率为94%~105%;RSD为1.3%~1.5%。用该方法测定了烟草样品中的10种植物多酚,结果令人满意。     

A miniaturized kit for ozone biomonitoring

A new miniaturized kit based on very young supersensitive tobacco Bel-W3 plantlets, which can be easily used to detect phytotoxic levels of ozone in ambient air in large scale surveys, is described. It has been developed in laboratory as well as field studies. The optimal sampling time is 5–7 d. The advantages of the kit are its user-friendliness, low cost, and reliability. The kit may be integrated by a passive sampling tube set and may be also proposed for educational programs.     

VIRUS RESISTANCE OF TRANSGENIC TOBACCO PLANTS EXPRESSING TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS COAT PROTEIN GENE

An intermediate expressing vector carrying the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV, Chinese common strain) coat protein (CP) gene was constructed by recombinant DNA techniques. The TMV-CP gene was transferred into the tobacco genome via Ti plasmid and a large number of regenerated plants, including both systemic and local lesion hosts for TMV, were obtained. Southern blot analysis revealed that 1-5 copies of the CP gene were integrated into the tobacco genome. RNA and protein analysis demonstrated that the TMV-CP gene was correctly expressed in the transgenic plants. The abundance of TMV-CP mRNA in total leaf RNA accounted for 0.005-0.01%, while the amount of coat proteins reached 0.05-0.2% of the total leaf soluble proteins. Virus challenge experiments showed that the symptom development of virus infection was markedly delayed and the replication as well as the spread of the virus was significantly inhibited in the transgenic plants expressing the TMV-CP gene. Three of these plants were completely protected afte     

烟叶自动烘烤实验系统研制

提出以ARM7系列微控制器LPC2148为核心的烟叶自动烘烤实验系统设计方案。系统通过自行设计的数字式干湿球温度计采集温湿度信息,并由微控制器做出相应的判断以控制加热器功率与通风口开度,从而达到控制烤箱内温湿度的目的。此外,系统可通过触摸式液晶屏设置并显示温湿度信息,并实时将温湿度信息保存于SD卡中,以用于后期数据分析。     

Determination of chlorophyll synthetase activity in green tobacco leaves using exogenous Zn-chlorophyllide a

We have developed a method for studying chlorophyll synthetase activity in green leaves without using a radioactive label. As the reaction substrate, we used Zn-chlorophyllide a, which after introduction into green tobacco leaves is converted to Zn-chlorophyll a. The Zn-chlorophyll a was identified chromatographically, using a method based on the spectral differences between Zn-chlorophyll a and chlorophyll a, and also their different resistance to acid treatment. __________ Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 73, No. 1, pp. 94–97, January–February, 2006.