同位素稀释热电离质谱法测定人血清中痕量铜和锌

采用热电离同位素稀释质谱法(ID-TIMS)准确测定了欧盟标准物质与测量研究院(EC-JRC-IRMM)组织的国际测量评估计划IMEP-17人血清样品中的痕量铜和锌。由于锌和铜都是易受污染的元素,本工作建立了仅用少量硝酸消解的低流程本底和适于热电离质谱测量的生物基体血清中痕量铜和锌的样品前处理方法;采用适当比例的硅胶和磷酸作为电离增强剂,在热电离质谱(TIMS)测量时获得了较高强度且稳定的铜和锌离子束;血清中痕量铜和锌的测量结果可直接溯源到国际单位mole。2种人血清样品中铜和锌测量结果的不确定度(k=2)分别为0.94%、0.83%和0.49%,测量值被EC-JRC-IRMM采用作为该样品的标准值。     

相变材料应用于红外热成像假目标的初步研究

红外热成像假目标因其独特的军事价值,受到了广泛的重视．测试了不同厚度、不同环境温度,不同用量条件下的熔化过程中,不同种类相变材料在相变温度附近的维持时间,分析了相变材料应用于红外热成像假目标的技术途径,初步验证了其可行性．     

基于热敏材料的超光谱隐身技术

简述了超光谱成像仪的探测特性,分析了超光谱成像仪隐身的原理,根据谱线热移位的物理机制和实验资料,提出了谱线热移位随温度变化大的掺金属离子晶体对超光谱的隐身,探讨了实现其隐身的途径与方法．     

聚丙烯/纳米级金红石型二氧化钛/聚烯烃弹性体复合材料的抗老化性能研究

采用TEM和UV-Vis等测试手段表征了金红石型纳米级TiO2和体相TiO2的性能特征;通过熔融共混法分别制备了PP/纳米级TiO2/POE和PP/体相TiO2/POE复合材料,采用GB/T16422·2-1999所述的塑料实验室光源暴露实验方法,用氙灯气候试验机对纯PP和复合材料进行28天人工加速老化.结果表明,二氧化钛粒子在PP/POE基体中分散性良好,而纳米粒子对PP/POE基体具有增韧作用;改性后的两类复合材料均具有优异的抗老化性能,而PP/(1·0wt%)纳米级TiO2/POE复合材料的抗老化性能更加优异,其加速老化28天后的无缺口冲击强度达到80·45kJ·m-2,比纯PP提高4倍多,而同期加速老化28天后的PP/(1·0wt%)体相TiO2/POE复合材料的无缺口冲击强度只有47·88kJ·m-2;对纯PP老化过程中的羰基指数和冲击性能的变化情况进行了分析,发现二者近似成线性关系,其相关系数r在0·9以上.     

LD端面抽运矩形截面YAG-Nd:YAG复合晶体热效应

通过对LD端面和射复合晶体工作特点分析,建立了符合实际工作情况的热模型,利用热传导方程一种新求解方法,提出了矩形截面复合晶体的温度场分布和端面热形变场通解表达式。研究结果表明,当使用输出功率为18W LD端面中心入射复合晶体YAG-Nd：YAG（YAG部分为2mm,Nd：YAG部分掺Nd^3＋质量分数为1%）时,在抽运端面中心获得101.35℃最高温升（比全部掺杂Nd：YAG晶体降低了22.3%）和2.61μm最大热形变量。得出了复合晶体可以有效降低晶体中最高温升,但是不能减少晶体端面热形变的重要结论。     

基于法布里-珀罗滤波片的宽光谱可调谐滤波器

分析了基于F-P滤波器原理的可调谐滤波器的原理,设计并实现了覆盖C L带的光谱连续可调的宽光谱可调谐滤波器,插入损耗小于2 dB,波长精度及温度稳定性均小于0.01 nm.     

基于YIG单晶薄膜的陷波器设计

针对基于环球耦合谐振的钇铁石榴石(YIG)小球陷波器装配调试工艺复杂、不利于多通道集成的问题,提出了一种采用静磁波技术来实现YIG单晶薄膜陷波器结构与设计方法.该文通过对单晶薄膜陷波器工作原理的分析,静磁反向体波的角频率与波数(ω-k)色散特性与微带激励谐振换能器的静磁波激励特性的数值计算及器件仿真优化,设计了调谐工作...     

半导体激光器高精度稳频输出控制系统

为了在光纤干涉仪中得到光源高精度稳频输出,采用高稳定度的恒温控制以及功率稳恒控制方法,通过高信噪比的运算放大器、半导体制冷器,设计了一种激光电源驱动系统,并进行了理论分析和实验验证。其能为半导体激光器提供温度控制精度在±0.01℃,制冷驱动电流可达800mA,同时使得半导体激光器输出波长控制精度在±0.1nm,驱动电流最大输出可达180mA,输出电流的稳定度为10-4~10-5。结果表明,该系统不仅结构简单,而且温度控制稳定、准确度高,可使半导体激光器的输出波长保持稳定,保证了干涉型光纤传感器的测量准确度以及在通信领域中的应用。     

强激光辐照下生物组织的瞬态温度场研究

研究生物组织在强激光作用下的瞬态温度分布,探讨强激光作用下生物组织的热传输规律,采用数值方法中的有限差分法求解热传导方程,得出了生物组织纵切面上温度的时空分布图、生物组织轴向温度按指数规律降低及径向上温度按偶次方幂函数规律变化,根据纵切面上温度时空分布图估算出热损伤深度,当激光功率密度分别为175W／cm^2和298W／cm^2时,热损伤深度分别为0．28mm和0．24mm,其值与相关实验值较好地符合。     

Effect of Cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) and Acacia (Acacia seyal) Gums on the Pasting,Thermal, Textural,and Rheological Properties of Corn,Sweet Potato,and Turkish Bean Starches

This study was planned to explore the locally available natural sources of gum hydrocolloids as a natural modifier of different starch properties. Corn (CS), sweet potato (SPS), and Turkish bean (TBS) starches were mixed with locally extracted native or acetylated cactus (CG) and acacia (AG) gums at 2 and 5% replacement levels. The binary mixtures (starch–gums) were prepared in water, freeze dried, ground to powder, and stored airtight. A rapid viscoanalyzer (RVA), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), texture analyzer, and dynamic rheometer were used to explore their pasting, thermal, textural, and rheological properties. The presence of acetylated AG or CG increased the final viscosity (FV) in all three starches when compared to starch pastes containing native gums. Plain SPS dispersion had a higher pasting temperature (PT) than CS and TBS. The addition of AG or CG increased the PT of CS, SPS, and TBS. The thermograms revealed the overall enthalpy change of the starch and gum blends: TBS > SPS > CS. The peak temperature (T_p) of starches increased with increasing gum concentration from 2 to 5% for both AG and CG native and modified gums. When compared to the control gels, the addition of 2% CG, either native or modified, reduced the syneresis of starch gels. However, further addition (5% CG) increased the gels’ syneresis. Furthermore, the syneresis for the first cycle on the fourth day was higher than the second cycle on the eighth day for all starches. The addition of native and acetylated CG reduced the hardness of starch gels at all concentrations tested. All of the starch dispersions had higher G′ than G″ values, indicating that they were more elastic and less viscous with or without the gums. The apparent viscosity of all starch gels decreased as shear was increased, with profiles indicating time-dependent thixotropic behavior. All of the starch gels, with or without gums, showed a non-Newtonian shear thinning trend in the shear stress vs. shear rate graphs. The addition of acetylated CG gum to CS resulted in a higher activation energy (Ea) than the native counterparts and the control. More specifically, starch gels with a higher gum concentration (5%) provided greater Ea than their native counterparts.