室温中波红外碲镉汞探测器激光辐照饱和特性的仿真

针对室温工作的光伏型碲镉汞中波红外探测器激光辐照饱和特性进行了仿真,结果表明,中红外激光对碲镉汞材料的加热效应以及光照导致零偏压阻抗降低,是影响探测器输出量子效率的重要因素。利用一维数值仿真方法,建立了室温碲镉汞pn结的模型,计算了稳态激光辐照下器件量子效率以及零偏压阻抗。理论计算了激光辐照下的稳态温度分布近似模型,并将温度场分布耦合到仿真计算中,发现衬底厚度会影响芯片的温升,从而显著影响器件饱和阈值的大小。另外,计算表明,随着光照强度的增加,器件的零偏压阻抗降低,并将仿真结果与实测芯片参数进行了比较。计算分析为设计高饱和辐照度阈值的中波红外碲镉汞探测器提供了参考。     

电磁场课程思政建设的探索与思考

挖掘电磁场课程中的思政元素并融入到教学过程中,使学生在学习知识的同时接受思政教育。通过将马克思主义哲学思想应用到对电磁现象认识过程的分析中,提高同学们对电磁场的认识和对马克思主义的哲学思想的深入理解。通过对我国相关工程成就的介绍及将素质教育与课程相结合,帮助学生理解抽象知识的工程应用,提升学生的思想道德水平、专业素养及民族自信心。课程思政取得了好的效果。     

“ 电磁场与电磁波” 的课程思政教学设计

针对《电磁场与电磁波》课程教学过程中的课程思政设计问题,围绕课程的教学目标,分别从教学过程的三个环节就如何有机融入思政要素进行了举例分析,强调了课程思政要素的引入应以提高教学效果为目标、以润物无声为基本原则,最后总结了在本门课程中可适当引入的思政要素。     

基于积分宽度法测量发光二极管结温方法的研究

本文提出了一种基于光谱积分宽度法来测量发光二极管(light emitting diode, LED)结温的新方法,并进行了理论分析和实验研究。本方法主要分为光谱数据采集、定标函数的测定和结温测量三个过程。首先,为了测量成本的降低和精度的提高而采用在正常工作电流下采集LED光谱数据,并通过采用不同温度下的光谱积分宽度与选定的某一基准状态下的值逐差可得到线性度达0.99以上的定标函数,并通过此定标函数可实时测定任意状态下的结温。其次,为了比较本方法测量结温的精确性,分别对单色和白光LED采用本方法和业界主流的正向电压法,通过自行设计的基于积分宽度法结温测量系统和美国Mentor Graphics公司的T3Ster型仪器的测量结果进行比较,两种方法测出的结温最大偏差为2.1℃,在可接受的误差范围内。实验结果表明积分宽度法测结温具有高效便捷且低成本的的特点,具有一定的应用前景。     

闪电AR谱的多重分形特性分析及放电类型的识别

对闪电时域波形的分形研究由于忽略了其频率特性,致使复杂多变的闪电过程的全部特性无法得到充分表征。针对此问题,本文将多重分形理论引入到现代谱估计中,提出了一种基于AR(auto-regressive)谱的闪电电场信号的多重分形特性分析及放电类型的识别方法。首先基于AR模型谱估计法获得闪电电场信号的功率谱,然后,通过多重分形去趋势波动分析(multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis,MF-DFA) 法验证了闪电AR谱序列具有多重分形特性,并进一步对AR谱序列的Hurst指数以及多重分形谱进行了讨论,最后将相关参数作为闪电信号的有效特征值输入支持向量机进行了云闪(intracloud lightning) 和地闪(cloud-to-ground lightning,CG) 不同放电类型的识别。实验结果表明,本文方法对云、地闪信号的有效识别率达到了94%以上,该研究成果对闪电的特性研究与自动化识别技术均具有一定的参考价值。     

低电平扫描电流高强辐射场试验方法研究

低电平扫描电流试验(LLSC)是飞机高强辐射场(HIRF)试验的一部分,其实质是在2~400 MHz 频段 内对飞机进行电磁辐照,以确定外部HIRF 环境与设备线束感应电流之间的传递函数。基于RTCA/ DO-160G 和SAE ARP5583A 标准建立HIRF 测试环境,通过对AC312E 直升机开展低电平扫描电流试验,得到了线束传递函数随频 率、天线极化方式、电磁辐照方向、线束布置的变化规律并分析了其影响机理。结果表明:发射天线以不同极化方式 辐照机体时,不同布置的线束其传递函数有一定差别;发射天线以垂直极化在0°方向辐照时,行李舱附近右发动机 控制单元(EECUR)线束的传递函数比位于驾驶舱的座舱显示器(MFD)线束的传递函数要小;发射天线以垂直极化 方式在不同方向辐照机体时,EECUR 线束在某些频段下在右侧90°方向辐照比左侧270°方向辐照的传递函数要大。 所得结论可为直升机适航符合性验证和低电平扫描电流试验的开展提供参考与支撑。     

Optical Design of Silica Aerogels for On-Demand Thermal Management

Silica aerogels, a type of porous material featuring extra low density and thermal conductivity, have drawn increasing interest from both academia and industry owing to their excellent thermal insulation performance. However, thermal insulation is always the single consideration when silica aerogels are used for thermal management. In this study, the on-demand thermal management (ODTM) of silica aerogel with either passive thermal insulation, passive heating, or passive cooling in different environments is revealed. The ODTM behavior of silica aerogels can be simply fulfilled through their optical property variations such as solar light transparency and infrared emissivity, which are controllable via the microstructures of the building blocks and surface composition design. Robust solar heating of 25 °C higher than the ambient in the daytime and sub-ambient cooling of 7 °C at night is achieved with the traditional transparent silica aerogel. Interestingly, sub-ambient cooling of 5 °C in the daytime and a warmer state on cold nights is achieved by modifying its solar transmittance and infrared emissivity. This study guides a comprehensive understanding of the thermal management behavior of silica aerogels and leads to ODTM applications of silica aerogels by tailoring their optical and thermal conductivity properties.     

Design of compact two-port dual-band dual-polarized MIMO antenna for CBRS and WLAN sub-6-GHz applications

This communication presents a compact field de-correlation lines integrated dual band with dual-polarized (LP & CP) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna for the fifth generation (5G) sub-6-GHz wireless communication systems. Dual working bandwidths, smaller interelement gaps, and superior isolation within the MIMO components are the distinguishing characteristics that give the proposed MIMO system an aspect of novelty. The modeled MIMO antenna has compact configurations of 20 × 21 × 0.8 mm³. The unit cell consists of a microstrip feed line with optimized rectangular slots branches etched from the radiated patch. The MIMO module is generated by the antiparallel replication of a single unit cell. To enhance the isolation, two rectangular slots are incorporated on the patch between the unit elements, which act as field de-correlation lines. The MIMO identity is supported by diversity performance calculations in terms of ECC, DG, and TARC. Simulated and measured counterparts are found in the agreement.     

Thermally Responsive Fibers for Versatile Thermoactivated Protective Fabrics

Smart textiles with good mechanical adaptability play an important role in personal protection, health monitoring, and aerospace applications. However, most of the reported thermally responsive polymers has long response time and poor processability, comfort, and wearability. Skin-core structures of thermally responsive fibers with multiple commercial fiber cores and temperature-responsive hydrogel skins are designed and fabricated, which exhibit rapid mechanical adaptability, good thermohardening, and thermal insulation. This universal method enables tight bonding between various commercial fiber cores and hydrogel skins via specific covalently anchored networks. At room temperature, prepared fibers show softness, flexibility, and skin compatibility similar to those of ordinary fibers. As temperature rises, smart fibers become hard, rigid, and self-supporting. The modulus of hydrogel skin increases from 304% to 30883%, showing good mechanoadaptability and impact resistance owing to the synergy between hydrophobic interactions and ionic bonding. Moreover, this synergistic effect leads to an increase in heat absorption, and fibers exhibit good thermal insulation, which reduces the contact temperature of the body surface by ≈25 °C under the external temperature of 95 °C, effectively preventing thermal burns. Notably, the active mechanoadaptability of these smart fibers using conductive fibers as cores is demonstrated. This study provides feasibility for fabricating environmentally adaptive intelligent textiles.     

Relaxation-Induced Significant Room-Temperature Dielectric Pulsing Effects

Thermo-responsive dielectric materials are in urgent demand owing to the rapid development of smart electronic/electrical systems. Although different types and structures of thermally responsive dielectric materials have been continuously reported, their dielectric response behaviors all originate from thermodynamic phase transitions. Herein, it is demonstrated that structural relaxation in poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), a non-thermodynamic phase transition, can induce a significant thermal dielectric pulse at room temperature. The dielectric pulse strength of up to 6.3 × 10⁵ at 20 Hz, with a dielectric pulsing temperature of 24 °C, is achieved from polyethylene glycol (PEG)-PVDF coaxial nanofibrous films (PVDF@PEG), fabricated via a continuous blow spinning method. Moreover, the films exhibit excellent flexibility, adjustable strength and toughness, switchable hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, and effective thermal management capability. The relaxation-induced dielectric pulsing effect, outstanding multifunctionality, and simple preparation combine to promote further scalability and prospects of PVDF@PEG. In particular, the work contributes to the discovery of the relaxation-induced dielectric response mechanism, which provides a new strategy for the generation of thermo-responsive dielectric materials.