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11.
J. P. Fillard M. Castagné M. Benfedda S. Lahimer H. U. Danzebrink 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》1996,63(5):421-425
Silicon AFM tips can profitably be used as optical sensors for near field optical microscopy. In particular they are able to convert evanescent waves (also called virtual photons) into propagating ones which are conveniently guided in the tip and transferred to the air at the back of the cantilever. In this paper it is shown that virtual photons scattered at the tip end are also converted into real ones which are observed in the far field. Contrary to the previous observations of similar conversion at STM metal tips the scattered emission at dielectric silicon tips does not have a dependence with distance of a full exponential decay but rather follows the more complex dependence of the dielectric capture. This observation is consistent with Mie's theory of scattering of real photons by small particles. Experiments are performed with boths andp polarizations showing a regular dependence of the scattered intensity with the incidence angle. The same experiment is also performed with metallized silicon tips showing a metal scattering behaviour. This results can help to achieve a better control of the tip position in the close range of distances in a Photon Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (PSTM) experiment. 相似文献
12.
G. Alberti G. Bellettini M. Cassandro E. Presutti 《Journal of statistical physics》1996,82(3-4):743-796
We consider an Ising spin system with Kac potentials in a torus of d,d>-2, and fix the temperature below its Lebowitz-Penrose critical value. We prove that when the Kac scaling parameter vanishes, the log of the probability of an interface becomes proportional to its area and the surface tension, related to the proportionality constant, converges to the van der Waals surface tension. The results are based on the analysis of the rate functionals for Gibbsian large deviations and on the proof that they -converge to the perimeter functional of geometric measure theory (which extends the notion of area). Our considerations include nonsmooth interfaces, proving that the Gibbsian probability of an interface depends only on its area and not on its regularity. 相似文献
13.
Muhammad El-Taha 《Queueing Systems》1996,22(1-2):47-63
An input-output processZ = {Z(t), t 0} is said to be-rate stable ifZ(t) = o((t)) for some non-negative function(t). We prove that the processZ is -rate stable under weak conditions that include the assumption that input satisfies a linear burstiness condition and Z is asymptotically average stable. In many cases of interest, the conditions for-rate-stability can be verified from input data. For example, using input information, we establish-rate stability of the workload for multiserver queues, an ATM multiplexer, and-rate stability of queue-length processes for infinite server queues. 相似文献
14.
A.K. Tashmukhamedova I.A. Stempnevskaya 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》1998,30(2):91-98
The effect of the nature of the substituent in the monosubstituted derivatives of dibenzo-18-crown-6 on the reactivity and direction of the electrophilic substitution reaction of the unsubstituted benzene ring has been determined. This transfer is carried out via the macrocycle and therefore is called transannular transmission. The possible mechanism of this transmission is discussed. 相似文献
15.
A computational study is made of the effect of basis set upon the energy, properties and inversion barrier of the phosphine molecule. The calculations are performed at both the SCF and CI level. The flexibility of the double zeta basis is discussed in the light of the results. 相似文献
16.
I. L. Odinets O. I. Artyushin E. A. Antonov P. V. Petrovskii B. I. Freger T. A. Mastryukova M. I. Kabachnik 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》1994,43(1):121-124
It was shown by31P and13C NMR spectroscopy that methyl(3-carboxy-3-oxopropyl)phosphinic acid (4-methylhydroxyphosphinyl-2-oxobutyric acid) (1) and the amide (2) of the latter exist in keto forms in non-aqueous solutions. In aqueous solutions an equilibrium between the keto,gem-diol, and enol forms has been observed. The proportions of the diol and enol forms increase as the acidity of the media increases. Silylation of acid 1 with hexamethyldisilazane gives the tris(trimethylsilyl) derivative of enol form (3) (Z- andE-isomers).Translated fromIzyestiya Akadetnii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 1, pp. 125–128, January, 1994. 相似文献
17.
S. G. Zlotin M. V. Sharashkina Yu. A. Strelenko O. A. Luk'yanov M. O. Dekaprilevich Yu. T. Struchkav 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》1994,43(7):1220-1226
Methods for the synthesis of polyfunctionalN-phosphoryl- andN-phosphonoyldiazeneN-oxides containing hydroxyl, acetoxyl, and nitrate groups, and dibromoallyl and dibromopropyl fragments have been developed. The molecular structure ofN-(2,2-dimethyl-5-nitro-1,3-dioxan-5-yl)-N-[methoxy(phenyl)phosphoryl)diazeneN-oxide was established by X-ray structural analysis.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 7, pp. 1284–1289, July, 1994. 相似文献
18.
19.
von Niessen Wolfgang Cederbaum Lorenz S. Kraemer Wolfgang P. 《Theoretical chemistry accounts》1977,44(1):85-93
The vertical valence ionization potentials of cyclopropane, ethylene oxide and ethylene imine are calculated by a many-body Green's function method. For C3H6 the ordering of the ionization potentials is 2e(), 1e(), 2a1(), 1a2(), 1e(). The assignment of the 2a1 and the 1a2 ionization potentials which has been controversial is thus clarified. The ordering is in agreement with the result obtained via Koopmans' theorem. For ethylene oxide and ethylene imine Koopmans' theorem fails in predicting the correct order of ionic states. For C2H4O the ordering of the ionization potentials is 2b
1(), 4a
1, 1a
2(), 2b
2,3a
1, 1b
1(), 1b
2, 2a
1 and for C2H5N 6a, 5a, 3a, 2a, 4a, 3a, 1a, 2a. The agreement of the computed ionization potentials with the experimental values is very satisfactory. 相似文献
20.
R. Lefbvre 《Chemical physics letters》1980,70(3):430-433
The complex rotation method is applied to the determination of widths and shifts of an harmonic oscillator predissociated by a linear potential, for when exact analytical formulas are available in the limit of small interchannel coupling. Excellent agreement is obtained. 相似文献