基于石墨烯的布洛赫表面波调控特性研究

布洛赫表面波(Bloch surface wave,BSW) 具有传输损耗低、显著表面局域场增强、环境敏感等特性,因而被视为研究近场光和物质相互作用的关键技术。其主要在截断的一维光子晶体与外界介质的界面激发并沿此界面传播,通过传播界面微纳结构的设计,可在纳米尺度实现对BSW的有效调控。本文从BSW的模式特性出发,提出了石墨烯加载的一维光子晶体BSW传感器件结构。通过改变石墨烯层的结构参数,调节激发模式在光子带隙中的位置,研究激发模式的光场传输特性,实现对BSW激发波长、振幅和相位的调控。进一步利用其对外界介质折射率变化非常敏感的特性,对其传感检测能力进行研究。结果表明,该器件有望实现高灵敏度的生化传感检测应用。该研究为新型BSW集成光子器件的设计与发展提供了新思路。     

偏光片周边的镜面磨削工艺

偏光片是液晶显示器的主要原材料之一,约占其制造成本的20%～30%,介绍了偏光片的基本结构和偏光片周边的镜面磨削工艺,该工艺是对裁切好的偏光片的周边进行精磨的工艺过程,使之达到要求的光洁度以及精确的尺寸和角度.     

氦原子及类氦离子基态的二参数变分法研究

提出了一种计算氦原子及类氦离子基态能量和波函数的二参数变分法,包括试探波函数的设计和基态能量表达式的推导,并用Mathematica 5.0软件的优化计算功能方便快捷地计算出基态能量,将计算结果与实验结果和部分所列文献的结果进行对比.结果表明,本文所得精度较高,变分参数个数较少.同时强调交换对称性和量子态的交缠在双电子原子体系问题中的重要性.     

一种高温合金1 100 K下表面偏聚行为的AES动态原位分析

本文在改造的俄歇电子能谱仪(AES)上对一种Ni基高温合金的界面偏聚行为进行了高温下的动态原位分析实验研究.在1 100 K保温条件下,获得了S和La向材料表面偏聚的动力学数据,结果表明保温过程中S和La均向表面扩散,偏聚动力学曲线具有平衡偏聚特征.运用Ar 离子剥离技术获得成分偏聚的深度分布结果显示,S和La都只在表面的几个原子层富集.     

Al掺杂ZnO薄膜原子力显微图像的多重分形研究

用原子力显微镜观察溶胶-凝胶法制备Al掺杂znO薄膜的表面形貌,运用多重分形理论研究Al掺杂ZnO薄膜的原子力显微图像,多重分形谱可以很好地定量表征薄膜的表面形貌.结果显示:Al掺杂量为0.5 at.%的ZnO薄膜经550℃退火处理后,rms粗糙度为1.817,Al掺杂量为1.0 at.%的ZnO薄膜经600℃退火处理后,rms粗糙度增大到4.625,相应的分形谱宽△α从0.019增大到0.287,分形参数△f由-0.075变为0.124.     

无VOC免清洗助焊剂焊后残留物的可靠性评价

为了研究焊后残留物的腐蚀性以及可能对PCB的电气绝缘性能造成的影响,通过表面绝缘电阻(Rs)试验和电化学迁移试验评价了三种不同固体含量的无VOC(挥发性有机物)免清洗助焊剂焊后残留物的可靠性。结果表明,使用w(固体含量)为3.6%的助焊剂,湿热试验后试件的Rs大幅下降,并且PCB表面腐蚀严重;而w(固体含量)为2.3%的助焊剂,则试件具有较高的Rs(6.4×109Ω),并且对PCB腐蚀性小。使用放大30倍的显微镜观察电化学迁移测试后的试件,均没有发现枝晶。     

射频电导轮廓的概念及应用

提出了粗糙表面射频电导轮廓的概念及物理意义,介绍了与射频电导轮廓相关的技术指标和测量、计算方法,对射频电导轮廓在分析计算粗糙表面射频等效电导率、优化射频微波器件加工工艺流程等方面的应用情况进行了简介。实验表明,研究成果与实测数据相吻合。     

Mechanism Study on Nanoparticle Negative Surface Charge Modification by Ascorbyl Palmitate and Its Improvement of Tumor Targeting Ability

Surface charge polarity and density influence the immune clearance and cellular uptake of intravenously administered lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), thus determining the efficiency of their delivery to the target. Here, we modified the surface charge with ascorbyl palmitate (AsP) used as a negatively charged lipid. AsP-PC-LNPs were prepared by dispersion and ultrasonication of AsP and phosphatidylcholine (PC) composite films at various ratios. AsP inserted into the PC film with its polar head outward. The pK_a for AsP was 4.34, and its ion form conferred the LNPs with negative surface charge. Zeta potentials were correlated with the amount and distribution of AsP on the LNPs surface. DSC, Raman and FTIR spectra, and molecular dynamics simulations disclosed that AsP distributed homogeneously in PC at 1–8% (w/w), and there were strong hydrogen bonds between the polar heads of AsP and PC (PO²⁻), which favored LNPs’ stability. But at AsP:PC > 8% (w/w), the excessive AsP changed the interaction modes between AsP and PC. The AsP–PC composite films became inhomogeneous, and their phase transition behaviors and Raman and FTIR spectra were altered. Our results clarified the mechanism of surface charge modification by AsP and provided a rational use of AsP as a charged lipid to modify LNP surface properties in targeted drug delivery systems. Furthermore, AsP–PC composites were used as phospholipid-based biological membranes to prepare paclitaxel-loaded LNPs, which had stable surface negative charge, better tumor targeting and tumor inhibitory effects.     

In Vitro and In Vivo Human Body Odor Analysis Method Using GO:PANI/ZNRs/ZIF−8 Adsorbent Followed by GC/MS

Among various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from human skin, trans-2-nonenal, benzothiazole, hexyl salicylate, α-hexyl cinnamaldehyde, and isopropyl palmitate are key indicators associated with the degrees of aging. In our study, extraction and determination methods of human body odor are newly developed using headspace-in needle microextraction (HS-INME). The adsorbent was synthesized with graphene oxide:polyaniline/zinc nanorods/zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (GO:PANI/ZNRs/ZIF−8). Then, a wire coated with the adsorbent was placed into the adsorption kit to be directly exposed to human skin as in vivo sampling and inserted into the needle so that it was able to be desorbed at the GC injector. The adsorption kit was made in-house with a 3D printer. For the in vitro method, the wire coated with the adsorbent was inserted into the needle and exposed to the headspace of the vial. When a cotton T-shirt containing body odor was transferred to a vial, the headspace of the vial was saturated with body odor VOCs. After volatile organic compounds were adsorbed in the dynamic mode, the needle was transferred to the injector for analysis of the volatile organic compounds by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The conditions of adsorbent fabrication and extraction for body odor compounds were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). In conclusion, it was able to synthesize GO:PANI/ZNRs/ZIF−8 at the optimal condition and applicable to both in vivo and in vitro methods for body odor VOCs analysis.     

Single-Stage Extraction and Separation of Co2+ from Ni2+ Using Ionic Liquid of [C4H9NH3][Cyanex 272]

The purpose of this study was to optimize the extraction conditions for separating Co²⁺ from Ni²⁺ using N-butylamine phosphinate ionic liquid of [C₄H₉NH₃][Cyanex 272]. A Box–Behnken design of response surface methodology was used to analyze the effects of the initial pH, extraction time, and extraction temperature on the separation factor of Co²⁺ from sulfuric acid solution containing Ni²⁺. The concentrations of Co²⁺ and Ni²⁺ in an aqueous solution were determined using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. The optimized extraction conditions were as follows: an initial pH of 3.7, an extraction time of 55.8 min, and an extraction temperature of 330.4 K. The separation factor of Co²⁺ from Ni²⁺ under optimized extraction conditions was 66.1, which was very close to the predicted value of 67.2, and the error was 1.7%. The equation for single-stage extraction with high reliability can be used for optimizing the multi-stage extraction process of Co²⁺ from Ni²⁺. The stoichiometry of chemical reaction for ion-exchange extraction was also investigated using the slope method.