Recent progress in experiments for sessile droplet wetting on structured surfaces

Wetting of a sessile droplet on structured or patterned surface can be found in a broad range of applications. The researchers have been promoted to keep working on the topic. The review is on the basis of the recent experimental advances on the sessile droplet wetting on the hydrophobic, hydrophilic, or combined hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces under isothermal conditions, and on heating or cooling substrates having nonisothermal conditions. More attention has been paid on the wetting configuration between the sessile droplet and the structured substrate; the research gap has been discussed on identifying the three-phase line shape. Further, the three-dimensional measurement for the sessile droplets on the patterned surfaces with focusing more on the contact line of sessile droplets might reveal new physical insights. This review targets at building a holistic overview on the sessile droplet wetting behaviors on the structured substrate in the past 2 years.     

Using Terpene Synthase Plasticity in Catalysis: On the Enzymatic Conversion of Synthetic Farnesyl Diphosphate Analogues

Four synthetic farnesyl diphosphate analogues were enzymatically converted with three bacterial sesquiterpene synthases, including β-himachalene synthase (HcS) and (Z)-γ-bisabolene synthase (BbS) from Cryptosporangium arvum, and germacrene A synthase (SmTS6) from Streptomyces mobaraensis. These enzyme reactions not only yielded several previously unknown compounds, showing that this approach opened the door to a new chemical space, but substrates with blocked or altered reactivities also gave interesting insights into the cyclisation mechanisms and the potential to catalyse reactions with different initial cyclisation modes.     

Single‐crystalline gold microplates grown on substrates by solution‐phase synthesis

Chemically synthesized single‐crystalline gold microplates have been attracting increasing interest because of their potential as high‐quality gold films for nanotechnology. We present the growth of tens of nanometers thick and tens of micrometers large single‐crystalline gold plates directly on solid substrates by solution‐phase synthesis. Compared to microplates deposited on substrates from dispersion phase, substrate‐grown plates exhibit significantly higher quality by avoiding severe small‐particle contamination and aggregation. Substrate‐grown gold plates also open new perspectives to study the growth mechanism via step‐growth and observation cycles of a large number of individual plates. Growth models are proposed to interpret the evolution of thickness, area and shape of the plates. It is found that the plate surface remains smooth after regrowth, implying the applicability of regrowth for producing giant plates as well as unique single‐crystalline nano‐structures.     

Chemical Probing of the Human Sirtuin 5 Active Site Reveals Its Substrate Acyl Specificity and Peptide‐Based Inhibitors

Sirtuins are NAD⁺‐dependent deacetylases acting as sensors in metabolic pathways and stress response. In mammals there are seven isoforms. The mitochondrial sirtuin 5 is a weak deacetylase but a very efficient demalonylase and desuccinylase; however, its substrate acyl specificity has not been systematically analyzed. Herein, we investigated a carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 derived peptide substrate and modified the lysine side chain systematically to determine the acyl specificity of Sirt5. From that point we designed six potent peptide‐based inhibitors that interact with the NAD⁺ binding pocket. To characterize the interaction details causing the different substrate and inhibition properties we report several X‐ray crystal structures of Sirt5 complexed with these peptides. Our results reveal the Sirt5 acyl selectivity and its molecular basis and enable the design of inhibitors for Sirt5.     

XMgO·YMg(OH)_2吸附剂除氟机理及其净化水的水质研究

研究了XMg O·YMg(OH)2对水中氟离子的吸附性能,考察了吸附时间、吸附剂用量、含氟水p H值、温度、含氟水初始浓度等因素对吸附的影响。实验结果表明,在较宽的p H(3.4~8.4)值和水温(22~51℃)范围内,XMg O·YMg(OH)2对水中氟离子具有极强的吸附能力,室温下0.4g XMg O·YMg(OH)2可将100m L浓度为30mg F-1·L-1含氟水处理为符合含氟标准的饮用水。氟离子在XMg O·YMg(OH)2上的吸附速率较大,30min内基本达到吸附平衡,吸附平衡符合Langmuir方程,在50min内达到饱和吸附,室温下饱和吸附量为13.46mg·g-1。净化水呈微碱性,含有5.68~15.07mg·L-1Mg2+,有益于人体健康。吸附饱和后的XMg O·YMg(OH)2经焙烧再生,除氟率可达81%。     

Spatially Resolved Bottom‐Side Fluorination of Graphene by Two‐Dimensional Substrate Patterning

Patterned functionalization can, on the one hand, open the band gap of graphene and, on the other hand, program demanding designs on graphene. The functionalization technique is essential for graphene‐based nanoarchitectures. A new and highly efficient method was applied to obtain patterned functionalization on graphene by mild fluorination with spatially arranged AgF arrays on the structured substrate. Scanning Raman spectroscopy (SRS) and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (SEM‐EDS) were used to characterize the functionalized materials. For the first time, chemical patterning on the bottom side of graphene was realized. The chemical nature of the patterned functionalization was determined to be the ditopic scenario with fluorine atoms occupying the bottom side and moieties, such as oxygen‐containing groups or hydrogen atoms, binding on the top side, which provides information about the mechanism of the fluorination process. Our strategy can be conceptually extended to pattern other functionalities by using other reactants. Bottom‐side patterned functionalization enables utilization of the top side of a material, thereby opening up the possibilities for applications in graphene‐based devices.     

基于SiP技术的胶囊内窥镜微型电路系统制造

胶囊内窥镜是近年发展起来的微型医疗仪器,其电路构造具有体积小、功能全等特点。文章提出用高密度封装SiP技术实现胶囊内窥镜的电路系统微型化。相对传统的芯片定制方式,采用堆叠式、表面贴装式或倒装焊式等组装方式具有成本低、难度低、开发周期短的优点。SiP封装、埋植式元件基板制造等高密度封装技术的不断发展,使得采用普通商用芯片实现胶囊内窥镜电路系统制造具有可行性。     

基于8051核的数字电路系统验证技术

SoC设计的重要特征是IP集成,但是不同IP模块的集成给SoC验证工作带来大量的问题.文中基于8051核的总线构建一个8位SoC设计验证平台,该平台可重用IP模块的激励文件,并利用现有的EDA工具对不同设计阶段进行软硬件协同仿真,大大减轻系统验证的工作量.     

利用FPGA IP核来提升雷达脉冲压缩的性能

数字脉冲压缩技术是提高雷达系统分辨率的重要途径,它能够有效地解决雷达的作用距离和距离分辨力之间的矛盾。在不降低雷达作用距离的前提下提高雷达的距离分辨力。而数字脉;中压缩设计中存在无数固有的障碍和两难取舍的东西,这都显著地影响着脉压系统实时性和精度的提高。而通过专用的FPGAIP核来设计不但可以有效的克服和回避这些困难,而且可以有效的提高脉冲压缩系统的性能。     

利用化学气相沉积法在SiO2小球基底上制备纳米碳管的研究

利用匀胶机将经过超声混合的二氧化硅小球的酒精溶液旋涂在洗净的硅片上,获得了具有曲面的纳米碳管生长基底.利用以二茂铁和二甲苯作为反应前驱体的化学气相沉积法在该基底上实现了碳管在二氧化硅与硅之间的选择性生长,并在不同的沉积温度条件下,可以分别获得球状和束状碳管产物.通过扫描电镜观察分析经过退火处理的原始基底的表面形貌,讨论了碳管产物与反应温度之间的关系.