像增强器在高速图像采集中的应用分析

对以9350EOS-3-PRO三代像增强器和MC1362高速相机为平台搭建的高速采集系统进行了简单介绍,对可能影响像增强器工作的外部因素进行了实验分析。从电压和照度两个方面出发,通过实验采集数据并用MATLAB软件处理后得到结果。分析结果表明,当电压在2.98 V~4.22 V之间时,成像效果无明显变化,但在低照度环境下能显著提高成像效果,在高照度环境下工作容易饱和,有待进一步改善     

人体行走电压的时域波形研究

基于测试得到的人体行走电压时域波形,提出了仿真人体行走电压的等效电路模型构建方法,分析了模型参数对人体行走电压时域波形的影响.按照IEC 61340-4-5中规定的人体行走电压的测试方法,测试了不同温湿度、不同鞋、不同地板条件下,人体行走电压的时域波形.通过对大量实测人体行走电压时域波形的分析,提出了人体行走电压的等效RC电路模型,得到人体的带电量满足指数形式的充放电关系,其时间常数τ由等效电路模型的电阻R、电容C参数决定.人体行走中,人的动作引起人体电容的周期性变化,进而导致人体电压呈现周期性变化趋势.通过对比实测数据,模型与实验结果符合较好,人体动作引起的电压周期性变化一致性较好,实验具有很好的可重复性.     

电缆放电事件建模及其特性测试研究

参考人体行走电压的测试标准IEC 61340-4-5,搭建了电缆由线轴上绕下并在地板上拖拽积累的电压的测试系统,测量了六类非屏蔽网线的电压波形.基于实测电缆电压波形,提出了电缆电压的RC等效电路模型,并分析了模型参数对电缆电压时域波形的影响.进行了电缆充电后对金属靶的放电实验,测量了电缆放电事件的电流波形、瞬态电场和瞬态磁场波形,分析了电缆放电事件对电子设备的影响.根据测量的电缆放电事件的电流波形,对比了GJB 151B中CS 115电缆束注入脉冲激励传导敏感度的电流波形,二者电流波形有一定的相似性,但是对于较长电缆在电流的强度和宽度方面都会大于CS 115规定的限值.因此,提出了电缆放电事件的防护方法,并对相关标准的改进方面提出了初步建议.     

氯化铜的少溶剂固态连串配位化学反应

在少量水的存在下,由于 NH₄[CuCl₃]对水不稳定,CuCl₂·2H₂O 与氯化铵的配位化学反应只能得到 1:2 产物(NH₄)₂[CuCl₄(H₂O)₂];但在无水乙醇中,无水 CuCl₂与氯化铵按 1:1或 1:2的物质的量之比混合时,能相应地得到 NH₄[CuCl₃]或(NH₄)₂[CuCl₄]。CuCl₂·2H₂O与 2,2''-联吡啶(bipy)的少溶剂固态化学反应仍能像固态化学反应一样,根据反应物的配比生成相应的唯一产物,但在物质的量之比为1:1的反应中发现1:2产物曾经形成。热力学分析说明,如果连串反应的后一步的Δ_rG^⊖大于前一步的,则上述反应现象是可能的。     

DNA aggregation and cleavage in CGE induced by high electric field in aqueous solution accompanying electrokinetic sample injection

The phenomenon of peak area decrease due to high injection voltage (V_inj, e.g. 10–30 kV, 200–600 V/cm in the 50 cm capillary) was found in the analysis of very dilute DNA fragments (<0.2 mg/L) by using high‐sensitive electrokinetic supercharging‐CGE. The possibility of DNA cleavage in aqueous solution was suggested, in addition to the aggregation phenomenon that is already known. The analysis of intentionally voltage‐affected fragments (at 200 V/cm) also showed decreased peak areas depending on the time of the voltage being applied. Computer simulation suggested that a high electric field (a few kV/cm or more) could be generated partly between the electrode and the capillary end during electrokinetic injection (EKI) process. After thorough experimental verification, it was found that the factors affecting the damage during EKI were the magnitude of electric field, the distance between tips of electrode and capillary (D_e/c), sample concentration and traveling time during EKI in sample vials. Furthermore, these factors are correlating with each other. A low conductivity of diluted sample would cause a high electric field (over a few hundred volts per centimeter), while the longer D_e/c results in a longer traveling time during EKI, which may cause a larger degree of damage (aggregation and cleavage) on the DNA fragments. As an important practical implication of this study, when the dilute DNA fragments (sub mg/L) are to be analyzed by CGE using EKI, injection voltage should be kept as low as possible.     

Orientational and electro-optical properties of liquid crystal aligned with a directly spinnable carbon nanotube web

We investigated the orientational and electro-optical properties of a nematic liquid crystal (LC) aligned with a directly spinnable carbon nanotube (CNT) web functioning both as an electrode and as an alignment layer. The LC molecules were uniformly oriented along the drawing direction of the CNT web and the spatially averaged birefringence was comparable to a rubbed polyimide sample. The CNT web sample also showed smaller residual DC and hysteresis compared to the polyimide sample.     

The effect of terminal chain modifications on the mesomorphic properties of 4,4′-disubstituted diphenyldiacetylenes

The typical sidewalls produced in the fabrication of protrusion electrodes are proposed to create a low voltage (4.5 V_rms) and high transmittance (93%) blue-phase liquid crystal display (BP-LCD). The tilted electrodes produce a strong horizontal electrical field that reduces the operating voltage considerably. The common problem of the ‘dead zones’ is solved by reflecting the light onto the electrodes. In order to estimate the phase retardation of the reflected light, a ray tracing simulation program for anisotropic mediums has been developed. The proposed device is more competitive than vertical field switching based BP-LCD and also, has the advantages of protruded in-plane-switching structures. These facts make this technology a potential candidate for the next generation of BP-LCDs.     

ZnO纳米线基MWNTs/PVDF复合热电材料的制备及特性研究

将不同比例的多壁碳管(MWNTs)与聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)聚合物混合后,喷涂于n型ZnO半导体纳米线阵列上,制备了一种新型ZnO纳米线基MWNTs/PVDF热电复合材料.与以往采用价格昂贵的p型与n型单壁碳纳米管(SWNTs)与聚合物混合制备的复合热电材料特性相比,这种新型热电复合材料在降低制造成本的同时,利用分散于聚合物中MWNTs的一维电子传输特性及形成的大量界面势垒,加上ZnO半导体纳米线具有的较高载流子密度与迁移率,提高了复合热电材料中电子的输运特性,增加了材料对声子的散射强度.测试发现,在一定的温度梯度下,随着MWNTs添加质量百分比的增加,热电材料的温差电动势和电导率也随之增加,但其Seebeck系数变化量不大.研究表明,这种热电材料有望替代采用p型与n型SWNTs构建的SWNTs/PVDF复合热电材料.研究结果对开发超轻、无毒、廉价、可应用于各种微纳电子领域的新型电源具有重要的参考价值.     

q value and parent energy optimization using a low-voltage ionization approach increases resolution in linear ion trap mass spectrometry

In this work, the isolation step in the linear ion trap was performed using different “q values” conditions at a low collision-induced dissociation (CID) energy leading to the parent ion resolution improvements, reasonably due to better ion energy distribution. According to the results, we obtained a greater resolution and mass accuracy operating in both traditional electrospray and low voltage ionization near the q value = 0.778 and with a CID energy of 10%. This effect was evaluated with low-molecular-mass compounds (skatole and arginine). The proposed optimization yielded a superior instrument performance without adding technological complexity to mass spectrometry analyses.