THGEM探测器X光斑寻迹和位置分辨实验研究

介绍了一种基于THGEM的X射线光斑寻迹探测器,用于X射线单光子计量技术研究和测量,探测器有效面积200 mm×200 mm,采用128路基于ASIC和FPGA的高速读出电子学,探测器分为中间高分辨区和外围低分辨区两部分,两部分共用一套读出电子学。实验在中国计量科学研究院利用X光机产生的束线,测试光斑位置、光斑精细分布以及探测器的位置分辨。实验结果表明,探测器实现了同时对光斑寻迹和光斑的精细测量,探测器中间高分辨区x方向的位置分辨率为0.63 mm（FWHM）,y方向位置分辨率为0.62mm（FWHM）,探测器各项性能指标均达到了预期目标。This paper introduces the detector of X-ray spot tracing based on the THGEM. It is used for X ray single photon measurement technology research and measurement with an effective area of 200 mm×200 mm. The circuit board has 128 array of high speed readout electronics based on ASIC and FPGA. And it is divided into two parts:the middle area of high sensitive and the peripheral area of low sensitive. The two parts share a set of readout electronics. The experiment tests the position and the fine structure of the beam line produced by X ray machine in National Institute of Metrology. The results of the experimental show that the detector realizes both the spot tracing and the fine structure of the spot. The position resolution is 0.63 mm in x direction and 0.62 mm in y direction in high sensitive of the detector, which achieve the desired goal of preliminary design.     

Mixtures of antidepressant amphiphilic drug imipramine hydrochloride and anionic surfactant: Micellar and thermodynamic investigation

Aggregation as well as thermodynamic behavior of amphiphilic imipramine hydrochloride (IMH) drug (antidepressant) and anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate [NaDS] as well as sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate [NaDBS]) mixtures as a function of solution composition in aqueous solutions have been evaluated by conductometry method at different temperatures. Surfactant (NaDS and NaDBS) employed in the current study is anionic in nature. Various theoretical models such as Clint, Rubingh, Motomura, and Rodenas were employed to gain information regarding the type of interaction between the components in the solution mixtures. The value of micellar mole fraction evaluated by different utilized models is found to be more for IMH‐NaDBS mixtures in comparison with IMH‐NaDS mixtures, signifying that participation of NaDBS is more in mixed micelles as compared with NaDS. Owing to the different charge of employed drug and surfactant, which sources high synergistic results in the mixed system comparative to the possessions of their pure compounds, means here anionic surfactants were elected in favor of the quantitation of cationic drug. The value of interaction parameters (β) was also evaluated by employing the Rubingh's model. The values of Gibbs free energy (?G⁰_m) for all systems attained to be negative in all studied systems showing that the systems are spontaneous in nature.     

Comparative characterization of thermal isomerization rates of 6‐phenyl‐1,5‐diazabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane at convection and microwave heating

Rate constants of thermal isomerization of 6‐phenyl‐1,5‐diazabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane into 1‐(benzyl)‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrazole at convection and microwave heating in toluene and chlorobenzene (solvents) were determined within the temperature range 90°C to 120°С. These data were used for the calculation of activation parameters of isomerization. It is shown that microwave heating increases the rate constants at the same temperature by a factor of 2 to 2.5 as compared with those using convection heating. The reason is that the effective temperature of microwave heating exceeds that of convection heating by 6°C to 9°С in toluene and by 12°C to 20°С in chlorobenzene as solvent.     

Perfect invisibility concentrator with simplified material parameters

We present a series of invisibility concentrators with simplified material parameters beyond transformation optics. One of them can achieve the perfect invisible effect at frequencies of Fabry–Pérot resonances, while others have very small scattering. The required materials are feasible in practice. Analytical calculations and numerical simulations confirm the functionalities of these devices.     

参数可控长距无衍射光束的生成方法研究

为了消除光学器件几何参数对无衍射光束传播特性调整的限制,实现长距空间中无衍射光束传播时特性参数的可控性,首先,通过研究axicon折射阴影区的电场分布特征,发现axicon无衍射区外过临界面后的近轴区域虽处于几何折射阴影近轴区域内,但仍存在光强服从第一类零阶贝赛尔函数分布的球面波;以此为基础,提出了一种不受传播空间距离限制的无衍射光束的生成方式;最后,在近12 m的尺度范围内进行无衍射光传播特性参数测试,发现其实验参数与理论计算值的差值不超过0.1μm。该无衍射光通过对第一类零阶贝塞尔函数分布的球面衍射光斑准直生成,本质上区别于传统的干涉无衍射光束生成方式,易于生成大尺度空间无衍射光束。该无衍射光生成方式适合用于非能量使用情况下大尺度空间的直线基准、光束空间通讯等领域,具有较大的价值与意义。     

基于多角度多光谱Stokes参数Q和U测量反演气溶胶偏振相函数

偏振相函数是气溶胶重要的光学参数之一,它对气溶胶复折射指数、粒子尺度和形状都十分敏感。多角度多光谱偏振遥感可以有效获取气溶胶偏振相函数信息。新一代CIMEL太阳-天空偏振辐射计CE318-DP作为高精度地基气溶胶偏振遥感仪器已被引入全球气溶胶自动观测网AERONET(AErosol RObotic NETwork),并作为扩展多波长偏振测量的太阳-天空辐射计观测网SONET(Sun/sky-radiometer Observation NETwork)的主要仪器,已在不同类型气溶胶观测站点积累了多年的偏振数据。但目前偏振反演仅能利用线偏振度或偏振辐亮度。与线偏振度和偏振辐亮度相比,Stokes参数Q和U不仅包含天空光线偏振强度信息还包含偏振方向信息。利用CE318-DP多光谱多角度测量的天空光Stokes参数Q和U反演气溶胶偏振相函数的方法。针对CE318-DP标准主平面偏振观测模式PPP(Polarized Principal Plane)下Stokes参数U对气溶胶特性变化不敏感、信息难以利用的不足,测试了新的平纬圈偏振扫描模式ALMP(ALMucantar Polarization)获取Stokes参数Q和U,并成功应用于偏振相函数的反演。系统分析了340～1 640 nm多光谱通道上典型生物质燃烧型气溶胶和水溶性气溶胶的-P₁₂/P₁₁反演结果并测试了反演方法在晴朗和灰霾不同大气条件下的适用性。无论在主平面还是平纬圈观测几何下,反演结果在可见光和近红外通道上均与真实值具有较好的一致性。进一步讨论了模型中基于气溶胶参数初始值和大气气溶胶参数真实值计算的“大气单次散射/大气散射”的比值近似相等的假设条件在短波通道不能很好地满足是造成紫外波段反演结果偏差较大的原因之一。后续有待进一步提高反演模型在短波通道的适用性,为利用不同光谱通道上-P₁₂/P₁₁的变化特征改进气溶胶微物理参数反演奠定了基础。     

不同高光谱特征参数区分马铃薯品种的优劣势分析

对马铃薯关键生育期的高光谱遥感图像进行特征提取和分析,提出了一种快速区分不同马铃薯品种的方法。以两个早熟和中熟马铃薯品种为研究对象,采集其块茎形成期、块茎膨大期和淀粉积累期的冠层反射光谱曲线,对实测反射光谱曲线进行Savitzky-Golay滤波平滑和一阶微分处理,以高光谱位置参数、振幅参数、面积参数、宽度参数和反射率参数为研究指标,根据21个高光谱特征参数的贡献率大小,评价了其区分不同马铃薯品种的优劣。结果表明：(1)同一类高光谱特征参数在不同生育期区分马铃薯品种的能力不同: 高光谱位置参数、宽度参数和反射率参数在块茎膨大期区分不同马铃薯品种的能力最强,淀粉积累期次之;高光谱振幅参数和面积参数在淀粉积累期的区分能力最强,块茎膨大期次之,五类高光谱特征参数在块茎形成期的区分能力均最差。(2)同一生育期5类高光谱特征参数区分马铃薯品种的能力也存在差异。在块茎形成期,五类高光谱特征参数的区分能力从强到弱依次为：反射率参数>振幅参数>面积参数>宽度参数>位置参数;在块茎膨大期和淀粉积累期,从强到弱依次为：面积参数>振幅参数>反射率参数>宽度参数>位置参数。综合能力从强到弱依次为：面积参数>振幅参数>反射率参数>宽度参数>位置参数。     

濒危植物夏蜡梅光合生理生态特性

摘要：采用遮荫的方式设置3个光照梯度：全光照（CK）、37%全光照（37%RI）和10%全光照（10%RI）,于2007年7月中旬,对上述光环境中的夏蜡梅(Sinocalycanthus chinensis)幼苗的光合作用参数、叶绿素荧光参数进行测定,结果表明：3种光环境下,夏蜡梅的净光合速率日变化均为“双峰”曲线,CK和37%RI光环境下,午休现象明显;最大净光合速率的大小是37%RI＞CK＞10%RI;日均净光合速率的大小是37%RI＞10%RI＞CK.叶绿素荧光参数的日变化表明,10%RI光环境下光抑制现象不明显;37%RI光环境下在午间发生了明显的光抑制,但是光合机构可以恢复.全光照环境下发生了长期的光抑制,光合机构受到不可恢复的伤害.在夏蜡梅自然群落中,于2006年7月、10月和2007年4月下旬的晴朗天气,测定了群落冠层和林下2种光环境下夏蜡梅的净光合速率日进程,并与其主要伴生植物进行比较.7月夏蜡梅冠层的净光合速率日进程呈“双峰”曲线,有明显的“午休”现象;林下夏蜡梅则表现为“单峰”曲线;在4月和10月夏蜡梅及其伴生植物净光合速率日进程均呈“单峰”曲线.夏蜡梅3个季节的日均净光合速率的平均值比其它伴生植物低,在群落内种间竞争中将处于不利地位.     

Motion generation of RCCC mechanism using numerical atlas

This article presents a synthesis method for the motion generation of RCCC mechanism using the numerical atlas. Based on the Fourier series theory, the geometrical model of the rigid body rotation angle of RCCC mechanism is established. Through harmonic analysis, the rotation angle output characteristics were observed to be dependent on the rigid body rotation angle operator. Subsequently, two numerical atlas databases are constructed. The theoretical formulas to calculate the real size and installing dimensions were proposed. On the basis of the theoretical formulas and two numerical atlas databases, the problem of rigid body guided synthesis of RCCC is solved.