Experimental determination of two-point Stokes parameters for a partially coherent broadband light beam

The generalized Stokes parameters, which are two-point extensions of conventional Stokes parameters, are determined for a pair of points in the cross-section of a partially coherent broadband light beam. For this purpose, using a two-mirror and two-beam-splitter assembly, unpolarized, linearly polarized and partially polarized electromagnetic beams are generated. This simple experimental method for determining generalized Stokes parameters establishes an analogy with the experimental scheme of determining conventional Stokes parameters, which in succession contributes to appreciable reduction in uncertainty in the measurements.     

An investigation of structural phase transformation and electrical resistivity in Ta films

In this work, we report the effect of substrate, film thickness and sputter pressure on the phase transformation and electrical resistivity in tantalum (Ta) films. The films were grown on Si(1 0 0) substrates with native oxides in place and glass substrates by varying the film thickness (t) and pressure of the working gas (p_Ar). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the formation of α and β phases in Ta films strongly depend on the choice of substrate, film thickness t and sputter pressure p_Ar. A stable α-phase was observed on Si(1 0 0) substrates for t ≤ 200 nm. Both α and β phases were found to grow on glass substrates at all thicknesses except t = 100 nm. All the films grown on Si(1 0 0) substrates for p_Ar ≤ 6.5 mTorr had α-phase with strong (1 1 0) texture normal to the film plane. The glass substrates promoted the formation of β-phase in all p_Ar except p_Ar = 5.5 mTorr. The resistivity ρ was observed to decrease with t, whereas ρ was increased with p_Ar on Si(1 0 0) substrates. In all films, the measured resistivity ρ was greater than the bulk resistivity. The resistivity ρ was influenced by the effects of surface roughness and grain size.     

An unequal cluster-based routing protocol in wireless sensor networks

Clustering provides an effective method for prolonging the lifetime of a wireless sensor network. Current clustering algorithms usually utilize two techniques; selecting cluster heads with more residual energy, and rotating cluster heads periodically to distribute the energy consumption among nodes in each cluster and extend the network lifetime. However, they rarely consider the hot spot problem in multihop sensor networks. When cluster heads cooperate with each other to forward their data to the base station, the cluster heads closer to the base station are burdened with heavier relay traffic and tend to die much faster, leaving areas of the network uncovered and causing network partitions. To mitigate the hot spot problem, we propose an Unequal Cluster-based Routing (UCR) protocol. It groups the nodes into clusters of unequal sizes. Cluster heads closer to the base station have smaller cluster sizes than those farther from the base station, thus they can preserve some energy for the inter-cluster data forwarding. A greedy geographic and energy-aware routing protocol is designed for the inter-cluster communication, which considers the tradeoff between the energy cost of relay paths and the residual energy of relay nodes. Simulation results show that UCR mitigates the hot spot problem and achieves an obvious improvement on the network lifetime. Guihai Chen obtained his B.S. degree from Nanjing University, M. Engineering from Southeast University, and PhD from University of Hong Kong. He visited Kyushu Institute of Technology, Japan in 1998 as a research fellow, and University of Queensland, Australia in 2000 as a visiting professor. During September 2001 to August 2003, he was a visiting professor at Wayne State University. He is now a full professor and deputy chair of Department of Computer Science, Nanjing University. Prof. Chen has published more than 100 papers in peer-reviewed journals and refereed conference proceedings in the areas of wireless sensor networks, high-performance computer architecture, peer-to-peer computing and performance evaluation. He has also served on technical program committees of numerous international conferences. He is a member of the IEEE Computer Society. Chengfa Li was born 1981 and obtained his Bachelor’s Degree in mathematics in 2003 and his Masters Degree in computer science in 2006, both from Nanjing University, China. He is now a system programmer at Lucent Technologies Nanjing Telecommunication Corporation. His research interests include wireless ad hoc and sensor networks. Mao Ye was born in 1981 and obtained his Bachelor’s Degree in computer science from Nanjing University, China, in 2004. He served as a research assistant At City University of Hong Kong from September 2005 to August 2006. He is now a PhD candidate with research interests in wireless networks, mobile computing, and distributed systems. Jie Wu is a professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at Florida Atlantic University. He has published more than 300 papers in various journal and conference proceedings. His research interests are in the areas of mobile computing, routing protocols, fault-tolerant computing, and interconnection networks. Dr. Wu serves as an associate editor for the IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems and several other international journals. He served as an IEEE Computer Society Distinguished Visitor and is currently the chair of the IEEE Technical Committee on Distributed Processing (TCDP). He is a member of the ACM, a senior member of the IEEE, and a member of the IEEE Computer Society.     

大气湍流对舰载激光通信中光能量分布的影响

针对激光在洋面上大气湍流中传输时,光能量分布发生变化,影响激光通信质量。本文基于大气光通信信道模型,对激光在大气湍流中的传输进行模拟,分析大气折射率结构常数、传输激光的波长,传输距离对光能量分布的影响,并用MATLAB对其影响进行了数值模拟。结果表明：在仅考虑大气湍流对激光传输影响的条件下,传输激光的波长对光能量分布具有重要影响。     

虚拟多结构光传感器昆虫运动参数测量系统

提出了基于单摄像机和双结构光投射器的虚拟多结构光视觉测量系统测量高扇翅频昆虫飞行运动参数.首先分析了光栅型结构光视觉的测量原理以及虚拟多结构光传感器的工作原理,针对昆虫的运动遮挡提出了多角度观测的没计思想,在此基础上建立了基于单摄像机和双结构光的虚拟多结构光视觉测量系统.实验结果表明,该测量系统可以实现固定飞行昆虫双侧翅膀运动参数的测量;该系统不仪降低了系统成本,而且避免了多摄像机同步驱动的复杂性.     

刻线边缘表面重构及其边缘粗糙度测量

给出了一种边缘粗糙度(LER)三维参数评估的方法。采用原子力显微镜(AFM)测量了刻线单侧边缘形貌,根据AFM的工作机理和测量特点重构边缘表面,采用回归分析方法确定了边缘表面的评价基准面。结合集成电路中光刻工艺的具体需求,提出了能够反映边缘表面形貌特征的三维LER表征参数。结合实例,计算了所提出的部分LER参数,分析了LER标准差参数的测量精度。     

用于CATV的DFB激光器同轴封装激光焊接技术研究

激光焊接技术广泛应用于光电子封装领域,它能形成很强的结合力,显示出无可比拟的优越性.但激光脉冲形状设置仍存在一定缺陷.研究了用于CATV的DFB激光器同轴封装激光焊接技术,利用Nd:YAG激光焊接系统,在两种不同的激光脉冲形式下,对DFB激光器和光纤进行焊接,分析了焊点宽度、深度与激光脉冲的关系.通过推力实验,测得DFB激光器输出先功率的变化大小,验证焊点质量,得出实际生产中脉宽为5 ms和2 ms、电压为310 V和360 V的激光脉冲,从而提高了焊接质量和工艺水平.     

Estimation of thermal parameters of the enclosed electronic package system by using dynamic thermal response

A methodology for modeling and simulating the electro-thermal behavior of an enclosed electronic package is presented and validated. The electro-thermal model is constructed using system dynamics. The system model, in which the electrical and the thermal domain are combined, is presented. The developed model describes the dynamic thermal behavior system that was an electronic device in the test enclosure. An effective way to identify the thermal parameters of the system, especially the thermal contact resistance, is suggested. In detail, the new method for thermal resistance identification is based on the temperature difference behavior between the component and the air temperature inside the enclosure. Based on the proposed model, either the variation of the heat source or the ambient temperature can be estimated. Simulated results were in good agreement with the measured temperature in the transient state accompanying with the variation of the environment.     

钠多普勒激光雷达大气参数反演方法

钠多普勒激光雷达以75～110 km大气层中的Na原子为示踪物,由接收到的共振荧光散射回波光子数反演该高度范围内大气温度、风场及钠原子数密度廓线.研究钠激光雷达大气风场和温度反演的方法,分析激光雷达光子计数中的脉冲堆积效应和钠层吸收对反演结果的影响,并提出改正方法.将该方法用于美国伊利诺斯大学激光雷达实测数据的反演,反演结果与该大学的结果相符合,验证了反演方法的正确性.最后对测量数据进行了误差分析,给出噪声光子数引起的误差剖面及实验测量精度.     

扫频法精确测量高速光调制器频率响应

同微波网络一样,可以用S参数来精确描述光电子器件的性能.根据微波网络的S参数,详细推导了光电子器件的S参数.搭建了40 GHz高速测试系统,利用矢量网络分析仪(带宽40 GHz)和作为参考的标准高速光探测器(带宽45 GHz),测量了宽带光强度调制器(实测带宽35 GHz)的频率响应.理论上,通过S参数和T参数的互相转换,扣除了微波放大器对测试结果的影响.在120 MHz～35 GHz范围内,测得的结果与出厂数据取得了很好的一致性.文中通过合理的简化,得到了光调制器频率响应的简明表达式,从而降低了数据处理的复杂度.