电注入退火条件对铸造单晶硅PERC电池抗LID效应影响的研究

铸造单晶硅太阳电池由于性价比高,在晶硅太阳能市场占有越来越重要的地位。文章以B和Ga共掺杂的铸造单晶硅钝化发射和背面(PERC)电池为研究对象,采用现有工业生产的电注入退火方法,分别进行了260和180℃温度下的不同电注入条件退火处理和随后的光致衰减(LID)效应分析。分析表明:经180℃的电注入退火处理,电池效率的变化率为-0.64%,经60kW·h的光照后,电池效率比退火前降低了2.79%。而经过260℃的电注入退火处理后,电池效率提高1.12%,且经60kW·h的光照后,电池效率比退火前仅下降1.96%。这些结果说明,260℃的电注入退火条件更适用于铸造单晶硅电池的抗LID处理。     

雾环境下非视距日盲紫外光通信链路路径损耗研究

利用Luettgen单次散射信道模型对雾环境下非视距日盲紫外光通信信道传输特性进行了模拟分析.选取波长为260 nm的紫外光,分析了雾环境下对于不同的通信距离,该紫外光的路径损耗与能见度的关系.结果表明:在通信距离已知以及系统的发射仰角、接收仰角、发射视场半角和接收视场半角等几何参数已知的情况下,存在一个使得紫外光传输的路径损耗达到最小的能见度;同时,分析并比较了0～2 km辐射雾和平流雾传输路径损耗与能见度、通信距离的关系,并得到辐射雾环境更利于紫外光传输.     

Elucidating the Origins of Subgap Tail States and Open‐Circuit Voltage in Methylammonium Lead Triiodide Perovskite Solar Cells

Recombination via subgap trap states is considered a limiting factor in the development of organometal halide perovskite solar cells. Here, the impact of active layer crystallinity on the accumulated charge and open‐circuit voltage (V_oc) in solar cells based on methylammonium lead triiodide (CH₃NH₃PbI₃, MAPI) is demonstrated. It is shown that MAPI crystallinity can be systematically tailored by modulating the stoichiometry of the precursor mix, where small quantities of excess methylammonium iodide (MAI) improve crystallinity, increasing device V_oc by ≈200 mV. Using in situ differential charging and transient photovoltage measurements, charge density and charge carrier recombination lifetime are determined under operational conditions. Increased V_oc is correlated to improved active layer crystallinity and a reduction in the density of trap states in MAPI. Photoluminescence spectroscopy shows that an increase in trap state density correlates with faster carrier trapping and more nonradiative recombination pathways. Fundamental insights into the origin of V_oc in perovskite photovoltaics are provided and it is demonstrated why highly crystalline perovskite films are paramount for high‐performance devices.     

SnO2‐C60 Pyrrolidine Tris‐Acid (CPTA) as the Electron Transport Layer for Highly Efficient and Stable Planar Sn‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells

For solar cell applications, Sn‐based hybrid perovskites have drawn particular interest due to their environmental friendliness. Here, a thin layer of C₆₀ pyrrolidine tris‐acid (CPTA) is found essential for achieving high efficiency with planar solar cells of Sn‐based perovskites. As a result, a power conversion efficiency of 7.40% is achieved for {en}FASnI₃ solar cells with a planar n–i–p architecture, and the device exhibits excellent stability in air. For the first time, highly efficient Sn‐based hybrid perovskite solar cells on n–i–p architecture are achieved. A V_oc of 0.72 V is highlighted as the highest V_oc ever reported for FASnI₃ solar cells.     

Interface Engineering for Both Cathode and Anode Enables Low‐Cost Highly Efficient Solution‐Processed CdTe Nanocrystal Solar Cells

Low‐cost solution‐processed CdTe nanocrystal (NC) solar cells always suffer from a high interface energy barrier and unbalanced hole/electron transport as well as anisotropic atom diffusion on the CdTe surface due to the limited amount of hole/electron interface materials or the difficulty in interface processing. In this work, a novel strategy is first adopted with gradient electron transport layer (CdS/CdSe) modification in the cathode and a new crosslinkable hole transport polymer (P‐TPA) implantation in the anode. The carrier recombination at interfaces is greatly decreased and thus the carrier collection is increased. Moreover, the light harvesting is improved both in short and long wavelength regions, making J_sc and V_oc increase simultaneously. A champion solar cell shows a very high power conversion efficiency of 9.2% and an outstanding J_sc of 25.31 mA cm^?2, which are among the highest values for all solution‐processed CdTe NC solar cells with a superstrate structure, and the latter value is even higher than that of traditional thick CdTe thin‐film solar cells (2 µm) via the high temperature close space sublimation method. This work demonstrates that facile surface modifications in both the cathode and anode with stepped extraction and organic–inorganic hybridization are very promising in constructing next‐generation highly efficient NC photovoltaic devices.     

空间高效硅太阳电池减反射膜设计与数值分析

结合AM0太阳光谱特性对空间硅太阳电池的减反射膜进行了设计分析,得到了最小反射时的最佳膜厚.分别讨论了单、双、三层减反射膜厚度变化对反射率的影响,并对有钝化层的Si O2 (94 nm) / Ti O2 (6 0 nm)双层减反射膜进行了优化设计,优化后硅太阳电池的短路电流和效率分别提高了2 .1%和1.4 % .     

雷达模拟器与雷达的接口电路设计

提高雷达模拟器生成回波信号的真实性和可靠性,需要实时采集一些重要的雷达工作状态参数,如雷达工作时的天线方位角和高低角信号、主脉冲信号、锥扫基准信号和载波频率信号等。这些信号分别为模拟回波信号的生成提供了天线增益大小、时间基准、相位基准和载波频率大小等重要的参考信息。通过对这些信号性能参数的分析和研究,提出模拟器与雷达系统接口电路设计方案。雷达实验可以证明该设计性能稳定、可靠、成本较低,很好地实现了接口电路的功能要求。     

超声退火形成片状PCBM堆积聚合物太阳电池研究

采用超声退火方法制备了P3HT/PCBM聚合物有机太阳电池。测试结果表明:超声退火40℃制备的电池能量转换效率最好,最优器件的能量转换效率达到了5.16%,这主要归因为超声退火40℃的电池薄膜内形成了片状PCBM堆积,有效地提高了器件的电子迁移率和太阳能吸收效率。     

Locally Welded Silver Nano‐Network Transparent Electrodes with High Operational Stability by a Simple Alcohol‐Based Chemical Approach

As an indispensable aspect of emerging flexible optoelectronics, flexible transparent electrodes, especially those comprised of metal nanowires, have attracted great attentions recently. Welding the nanowire junctions is an effective strategy for reducing the sheet resistance and improving the operational stability of flexible nanowire electrode in practical applications. Herein, a simple alcohol‐based solution approach is proposed to weld crossed silver nanowires by chemically growing silver “solder” at the junctions of the nanowires, forming transparent silver nano‐network electrodes with improved electrical conductivity and operational stability. Remarkably, silver nano‐networks can be rapidly formed by this simple approach under ambient condition and room temperature, requiring no assistance from heat, light, electrical current, or mechanical pressure. Furthermore, our results show that the nano‐network electrode formed from large diameter nanowires offers a better operational stability, whose trend is opposite to that of the untreated electrodes. To demonstrate the potential application of the highly stable silver nano‐network from large diameter nanowires, organic solar cells fabricated on the nano‐network electrode incorporated with silicon dioxide nanoparticles achieve comparable performance to the ITO control device. Consequently, strategy demonstrated in this work can contribute to low‐cost and highly stable transparent electrodes in emerging flexible optoelectronics.