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11.
K. Madhavan B. S. R. Reddy 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2006,44(9):2980-2989
A series of poly(dimethylsiloxane‐urethane) elastomers based on hexamethylenediisocyanate, toluenediisocyanate, or 4,4′‐methylenediphenyldiisocyanate hard segment and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) soft segment were synthesized. In this study, a new type of soft‐segmented PDMS crosslinker was synthesized by hydrosilylation reaction of 2‐allyloxyethanol with polyhydromethylsiloxane, using Karstedt's catalyst. The synthesized soft‐segmented crosslinker was characterized by FT‐IR, 1H, and 13C NMR spectroscopic techniques. The mechanical and thermal properties of elastomers were characterized using tensile testing, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamical mechanical analysis measurements. The molecular structure of poly(dimethylsiloxane‐urethane) membranes was characterized by ATR‐FTIR spectroscopic techniques. Infrared spectra indicated the formation of urethane/urea aggregates and hydrogen bonding between the hard and soft domains. Better mechanical and thermal properties of the elastomers were observed. The restriction of chain mobility has been shown by the formation of hydrogen bonding in the soft and hard segment domains, resulting in the increase in the glass‐transition temperature of soft segments. DSC analysis indicates the phase separation of the hard and soft domains. The storage modulus (E′) of the elastomers was increasing with increase in the number of urethane connections between the hard and soft segments. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 2980–2989, 2006 相似文献
12.
A new analytical method of designing two-aspherical-mirror anastigmats was developed and applied to searching solution groups
of soft X-ray microscopes of a large misalignment tolerance. The two-mirror anastigmat configurations were expressed by a
practical variable related to pupil obstruction limiting the system throughput. Axial coma and other aberrations caused by
a slight decenter of the system were then formulated to represent sensitivity to misalignment. These formulations enabled
a global survey of solution groups as demonstrated by a designing example of soft X-ray microscopes with a magnification m = −1/50, which resulted in four solutions more insensitive to misalignment than a standard Schwarzschild optics in the soft
X-ray region. Some solutions were also found to have much larger fields of view suitable for high resolution imaging as confirmed
by computer ray tracing. 相似文献
13.
The problem considered is that of determining the shape of aplane acoustically sound-soft obstacle from the knowledge ofthe far-field pattern for one time-harmonic incident field.An iterative procedure is proposed based on two boundary integralsrepresenting the incident field and the far-field pattern, respectively.Numerical examples are included which show that the proceduregives accurate numerical approximations in relatively few iterations. 相似文献
14.
Jingjing Li Kaiqing Yu Ge Wang Wenhui Gu Zhigang Xia Xiang Zhou Zunfeng Liu 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(35):2300156
Drawing inspiration from the jumping motions of living creatures in nature, jumping robots have emerged as a promising research field over the past few decades due to great application potential in interstellar exploration, military reconnaissance, and life rescue missions. Early reviews mainly focused on jumping robots made of lightweight and rigid materials with mechanical components, concentrating on jumping control and stability. Herein, attention is paid to the jumping mechanisms of soft actuators assembled from various soft smarting materials and powered by different stimulus sources. The challenges and prospects of soft jumping actuators are also discussed. It is hoped that this review will contribute to the further development of soft jumping actuators and broaden their practical applications. 相似文献
15.
Pan Xue Cristian Valenzuela Shaoshuai Ma Xuan Zhang Jiazhe Ma Yuanhao Chen Xinhua Xu Ling Wang 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(24):2214867
Sophisticated sensing and actuation capabilities of many living organisms in nature have inspired scientists to develop biomimetic somatosensory soft robots. Herein, the design and fabrication of homogeneous and highly conductive hydrogels for bioinspired somatosensory soft actuators are reported. The conductive hydrogels are synthesized by in situ copolymerization of conductive surface-functionalized MXene/Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrenesulfonate) ink with thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels. The resulting hydrogels are found to exhibit high conductivity (11.76 S m−1), strain sensitivity (GF of 9.93), broad working strain range (≈560% strain), and high stability after over 300 loading–unloading cycles at 100% strain. Importantly, shape-programmable somatosensory hydrogel actuators with rapid response, light-driven remote control, and self-sensing capability are developed by chemically integrating the conductive hydrogels with a structurally colored polymer. As the proof-of-concept illustration, structurally colored hydrogel actuators are applied for devising light-driven programmable shape-morphing of an artificial octopus, an artificial fish, and a soft gripper that can simultaneously monitor their own motions via real-time resistance variation. This work is expected to offer new insights into the design of advanced somatosensory materials with self-sensing and actuation capabilities, and pave an avenue for the development of soft-matter-based self-regulatory intelligence via built-in feedback control that is of paramount significance for intelligent soft robotics and automated machines. 相似文献
16.
实验室X激光已经取得重大进展,但均属自发辐射放大,缺乏模式限制的措施,故激光功率分散在多横模中,提高激光亮度的措施之一是模式限制.由于X光多层膜一般为高吸收膜,用以形成谐振腔作模式限制看来是困难的.本文建议采用相距足够远的二段激光等离子体作同步延迟行波放大来进行横模限制.分析表明,达到衍射极限的单横模X激光是可能的,这对X光全息术以及高亮度X激光的实现是十分重要的.本文还建议改变一般采用的产生线状等离子体的光学系统设计,使激光功率密度在长线上达到均匀;认为过去的光学系统不良是长焦线时,X激光增益-长度乘积低的一个可能原因. 相似文献
17.
Lawan Ly Xiaoqian Cheng Saravana R. K. Murthy Olivia Z. Jones Taisen Zhuang Steven Gitelis Alan T. Blank Aviram Nissan Mohammad Adileh Matthew Colman Michael Keidar Giacomo Basadonna Jerome Canady 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(13)
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a rare and highly heterogeneous group of solid tumors, originating from various types of connective tissue. Complete removal of STS by surgery is challenging due to the anatomical location of the tumor, which results in tumor recurrence. Additionally, current polychemotherapeutic regimens are highly toxic with no rational survival benefit. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a novel technology that has demonstrated immense cancer therapeutic potential. Canady Cold Helios Plasma (CHCP) is a device that sprays CAP along the surgical margins to eradicate residual cancer cells after tumor resection. This preliminary study was conducted in vitro prior to in vivo testing in a humanitarian compassionate use case study and an FDA-approved phase 1 clinical trial (IDE G190165). In this study, the authors evaluate the efficacy of CHCP across multiple STS cell lines. CHCP treatment reduced the viability of four different STS cell lines (i.e., fibrosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and liposarcoma) in a dose-dependent manner by inhibiting proliferation, disrupting cell cycle, and inducing apoptosis-like cell death. 相似文献
18.
19.
Tianjiao Jia Yang Wang Yuanyuan Dou Yaowang Li Monica Jung de Andrade Run Wang Shaoli Fang Jingjing Li Zhou Yu Rui Qiao Zhuangjian Liu Yuan Cheng Yewang Su Majid Minary‐Jolandan Ray H. Baughman Dong Qian Zunfeng Liu 《Advanced functional materials》2019,29(18)
Smart textiles that sense, interact, and adapt to environmental stimuli have provided exciting new opportunities for a variety of applications. However, current advances have largely remained at the research stage due to the high cost, complexity of manufacturing, and uncomfortableness of environment‐sensitive materials. In contrast, natural textile materials are more attractive for smart textiles due to their merits in terms of low cost and comfortability. Here, water fog and humidity‐driven torsional and tensile actuation of thermally set twisted, coiled, plied silk fibers, and weave textiles from these silk fibers are reported. When exposed to water fog, the torsional silk fiber provides a fully reversible torsional stroke of 547° mm?1. Coiled‐and‐thermoset silk yarns provide a 70% contraction when the relative humidity is changed from 20% to 80%. Such an excellent actuation behavior originates from water absorption‐induced loss of hydrogen bonds within the silk proteins and the associated structural transformation, which are corroborated by atomistic and macroscopic characterization of silk and molecular dynamics simulations. With its large abundance, cost‐effectiveness, and comfortability for wearing, the silk muscles will open up additional possibilities in industrial applications, such as smart textiles and soft robotics. 相似文献
20.
研制了一种脉冲重复频率为10Hz的激光等离子体软X射线源;设计并建立了以掠入射恒偏单色仪为基础的脉冲等离子体软X射线辐射测试系统。光源实验使用能量1000mJ(波长0.53μm)的激光脉冲,聚焦在不同的金属靶上,使之离子化。这种高温等离子体产生的辐射包含了波长0.4~20nm的软X光连续谱和迭加在其上的线谱。靶材有Mg、Al、Ti、Fe、Cu、Zn、Sn、Pb和Bi。得到了不同原子序数的靶材辐射的光谱分布特性。 相似文献