Impact of titanate coupling agent on properties of high density polyethylene composite filled with coal gangue

In this study, surface modification of coal gangue (CG) was performed with titanate coupling agent 201 (isopropyl tri(dioctylpyrophosphate) titanate), and the effects of surface modifier on mechanical properties and thermal stability of high-density polyethylene filled with CG (HDPE/CG) and high-density polyethylene filled with modified CG (HDPE/mCG) composites were investigated. The coupling agent was successfully grafted on CG surface through chemical reaction according to the analyses of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the coupling agent can effectively enhance the hydrophobicity of surface that was verified by water contact angle beyond 90° of modified CG sample. With the introduction of coupling agent, some enhancements of tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact strength were observed in HDPE/mCG compared with HDPE/CG, due to the improved compatibility between mCG fillers and matrix. The increased storage modulus and decreased loss factor of HDPE/mCG composite further confirm the stronger interface adhesion after modification. Moreover, it is found that titanate coupling agent 201 can improve the thermal stability of HDPE/mCG composite to some extent.     

B2O3掺杂对Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3/MgO陶瓷介电性能的影响

采用XRD和SEM对B2O3掺杂Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3/MgO(简称为BSTM)陶瓷致密化行为和介电性能进行了研究。结果表明:掺杂适量B2O3可明显降低BSTM陶瓷的烧结温度,在1480℃时即可烧结致密化,比未掺杂的BSTM陶瓷烧结温度降低70℃;掺杂量不同,则B2O3在陶瓷体中的存在形式不同,引起其介电性能相应变化;1480℃下烧结,B2O3掺杂量为0.8%(质量分数)时,10kHz下测得试样的εr为138,tanδ为0.0034,εr可调率达12.6%(3MV/m),性能有所提高。     

苯并噁嗪/钛酸钡复合材料介电性能的研究

通过共混法制备了苯并噁嗪/钛酸钡复合材料,探讨了钛酸钡粒径和填充量对复合材料介电性的影响。当?(BaTiO3)=50%时,复合材料介电常数εr达54、介质损耗tanδ为0.027、体积电阻率ρv大于1011?·m、击穿电压Vb大于8×103V/mm的高εr低tanδ绝缘材料。并将其应用于制备内嵌式电容器用玻璃布复合层压板。     

钛酸纳米管和钛酸纳米薄片相变规律比较

TiO2与浓NaOH溶液反应可制得组成是Na2-xHxTi2O4（OH）2,0≤X≤2的纳米管。X随后处理时溶液的pH值的不同而不同,当X=2时即为钛酸纳米管。本文在考察热处理温度对钛酸纳米管和钛酸纳米薄片相变的影响时,发现它们的相变规律几乎完全相同。本文通过TEM、XRD、Raman及FT-IR光谱等技术对合成的钛酸纳米管和钛酸纳米薄片随焙烧温度的相变规律、晶粒形状及结晶程度等性质进行了比较和讨论。     

聚3-甲基噻吩及聚3-己基噻吩修饰钛酸盐纳米管的光电化学性能研究

采用水热法制备了钛酸盐纳米管, 并将钛酸盐纳米管制备成纳米结构电极进行光电化学研究. 钛酸盐纳米管产生阳极光电流, 具有n-型半导体特性. 结果表明, 聚3-甲基噻吩[poly(3-methylthiophene), PMeT]、聚3-己基噻吩[poly(3-hexylthiophene), P3HT]修饰钛酸盐纳米管后产生的光电流均较纯钛酸盐纳米管的光电流高, 且使产生光电流的波长向长波区移动. 钛酸盐纳米管/PMeT、钛酸盐纳米管/P3HT的光电转换效率分别达11.40%, 0.91%(未校正光子损失). 钛酸盐纳米管/PMeT的光电转换效率较钛酸盐纳米管/P3HT的光电转换效率高10.5%. 钛酸盐纳米管/PMeT、钛酸盐纳米管/P3HT中存在p-n异质结, 在一定条件下p-n异质结的存在有利于光生电子/空穴的分离.     

Microstructure and dielectric study of pure BST and doped BSTF ceramic materials by broadband dielectric spectroscopy

Pure BST and doped BSTF (with BSTF2: Fe₂O₃ 2 wt % and BSTF4: Fe₂O₃ 4 wt %) ceramics were prepared by solid state reaction. XRD pattern showed the different phases were formed depend on the weight percent of Fe₂O₃. The crystal size and lattice parameters increased while the lattice strain decreased. The topography of the sintered samples shows increase of the grain size with increasing Fe₂O₃ ratio and hence enhances the compaction of ceramics. Broadband dielectric spectroscopy was employed to investigate the effect of magnetite nanoparticle on the dielectric properties of the pure BST ceramic. The interfacial polarization and the conductivity contribution reflect the high values of permittivity and its gradual increase as frequency decreases. The two BSTF samples show relaxation peak dynamic originated from presence of immobile species/electrons at low temperatures and defects/vacancies results from the formation of oxygen vacancies originates from the spontaneous change in oxidation states of Fe ions (Fe ^3+/Fe²⁺) at high temperatures. The relaxation rate obeys Arrhenius law at high temperatures in case of BST sample with activation energy 225 kJ/mol. This high value of activation energy at higher temperatures reflects and confirms the slowed down of the dynamics at the interphase and the decoupling nature of the OH-dynamic and the interfacial polarization.     

双硫腙包覆钛酸锶钡粉体对水中铅的吸附行为

用草酸化学共沉淀法合成了钛酸锶钡(BST)粉体, 以双硫腙为表面修饰剂, 采用静态浸渍法对钛酸锶钡粉体进行表面包覆修饰, 制备出新型固态粉体吸附剂. 利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)进行了表征. 研究了该吸附剂对水中铅的吸附行为. 结果表明: 双硫腙通过与钛酸锶钡表面羟基形成氢键作用包覆于该粉体上; 当吸附介质pH值大于4时, 该吸附剂对水中的铅有较强的吸附能力; 室温下, 5 min内吸附达到平衡. 其吸附行为符合Langmuir吸附等温模型和HO准二级动力学方程式, 吸附焓变(ΔH)为19.42 kJ•mol^－1, 活化能(E_a)为22.187 kJ•mol^－1, 该吸附过程是吸热的物理过程. 吸附在双硫腙包覆钛酸锶钡粉体上的铅, 可用1 mol•L^－1的硝酸溶液进行洗脱. 建立了吸附富集、火焰原子吸收法测定水中铅的新方法, 应用于地表水和自来水中铅的测定, 取得了令人满意的结果.     

钛酸铋系化合物的光催化性能研究

采用化学溶液分解法制备了钛酸铋化合物: Bi₁₂TiO₂₀, Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂和Bi₂Ti₂O₇, 并采用XRD表征了其结构. 用TEM观察发现其平均粒径＞100 nm, UV-Vis漫反射谱测定显示它们在可见光区均呈现极强的吸收特征. 紫外光照射下甲基橙的光催化降解脱色实验表明, 三种钛酸铋化合物均具有较强的光催化活性, 其中, Bi₁₂TiO₂₀的光催化活性最强, 几乎与P-25相同. 钛酸铋化合物光催化性能的不同在于它们具有不同的晶相结构和电子结构.     

微乳液中球形及棒状SrTiO3纳米粒子的控制合成

以氢氧化锶和钛酸四丁酯为原料, 在水溶液/Triton X-100/环己烷/正己醇反相微乳液体系中制备了直径约为20～80 nm的钛酸锶球形纳米粒子和长约300～1200 nm、直径约为30～150 nm的钛酸锶纳米棒. 用XRD, ICP, TEM, SAED和SEM对样品的结构、成分和形貌进行了表征; 用DLS分析了样品的粒度分布. 结果显示, 水与表面活性剂的物质的量比(ω₀)、反应物浓度、陈化时间等因素都能影响钛酸锶纳米粒子的形貌和尺寸. 所得钛酸锶的锶钛物质的量比约为1.0, 粒度分布较窄, 为立方相单晶结构.